Firmament
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

Flammarion engraving, a wood engraving by an unknown artist, so named because its first documented appearance is in Camille Flammarion's 1888 book L'atmosphère: météorologie populaire ("The Atmosphere: Popular Meteorology").
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Featured: ![]() Kunstformen der Natur (1904) by Ernst Haeckel |
The Firmament is the usual English translation of the Hebrew "raqiya`" (pronounced /raki'ja/ in English) meaning an extended solid surface or dome, considered to be a hemisphere above the ground in many Near Eastern cosmologies.
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