Glottochronology
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
Related e |
Featured: |
Glottochronology (from Attic Greek γλῶττα "tongue, language" and χρóνος "time") is that part of lexicostatistics dealing with the chronological relationship between languages.
The idea was developed by Morris Swadesh under two assumptions: first that there does exist a relatively stable "basic vocabulary" (referred to as "Swadesh lists") in all languages of the world, and second that any replacements happen in a way analogical to that in radioactive decay in constant percentages per time elapsed. Meanwhile, there exist many different methods, partly extensions of the Swadesh method, now more and more under the biological assumptions of replacements in genes. However, Swadesh's technique is so well known that, for many people, 'glottochronology' refers to it alone.
See also
- Basic English
- Cognate
- Dolgopolsky list
- Historical linguistics
- Indo-European studies
- Leipzig–Jakarta list
- Lexicostatistics
- Mass lexical comparison
- Proto-language
- Quantitative comparative linguistics
- Swadesh list