Gripsholm Castle
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| + | [[Image:Trojan Horse (Arcimboldesque).jpg|thumb|right|200px|''[[Trojan Horse (Arcimboldesque)|Trojan Horse]]'' (1700) by [[Giuseppe Arcimboldo|Arcimboldo]], in the collection of [[National Portrait Gallery (Sweden)]]]] | ||
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| - | '''''The Jurist''''', also known as ''The Lawyer'', is an [[oil painting|oil-on-canvas painting]] by Italian artist [[Giuseppe Arcimboldo]], painted in 1566. It shows a member of the legal profession, whose facial features are depicted using meat and fish, and whose body is [[composed]] of legal documents. Two versions of the painting exist; the first, from 1566, is held by the [[Nationalmuseum|National Museum of Fine Arts]] (Nationalmuseum) in [[Stockholm]] (acquired from a collection at [[Gripsholm Castle]] in 1866), and a later version is held by a private collector in [[Milan]]. | + | '''Gripsholm Castle''' is a [[castle]] in [[Mariefred]], [[Södermanland]], [[Sweden]]. It is located by lake [[Mälaren]] in south central Sweden, in the municipality of [[Strängnäs Municipality|Strängnäs]], about 60 km west of [[Stockholm]]. Now the castle is a museum which is open to the public, containing paintings and works of art. Part of the castle houses the [[National Portrait Gallery (Sweden)|National Portrait Gallery]] (''Statens porträttsamlingar''), one of the oldest portrait collections in the world. |
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| - | Arcimboldo was employed as court painter to [[Maximilian II, Holy Roman Emperor|Maximilian II]] and was already well established as an artist by the time he created ''The Jurist''. He was known for his innovative style, particularly for his [[portrait]]s in which the subjects were composed of everyday objects. His fantastical and imaginative paintings somewhat foreshadowed the [[Surrealism|Surrealist]] movement of the 20th century, but were also appreciated as part of the [[Mannerism|Mannerist]] tradition of his own time. His series of paintings, ''The Four Seasons'', which depicted the changing seasons as series of portraits composed of seasonal plants, were particularly popular, and he even created a portrait of [[Rudolf II, Holy Roman Emperor|Rudolf II]] (entitled ''[[Vertumnus]]'') in the same style. | + | |
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| - | The artist's feelings about his subject in ''The Jurist'' are clear from the composition; the features of the face are represented by the plucked carcasses of poultry and the sneering mouth by fish. It is not known if the subject is a caricature of the legal profession in general or based on a real jurist of the time. The German jurist [[Ulrich Zasius]] is normally suggested as the subject; the Nationalmuseum lists the picture in its catalogue as ''The Lawyer (Ulrich Zasius)'', but [[John Calvin|Calvin]] has also been suggested. Arcimboldo's portrait of ''The Librarian'' (''Il Bibliotecario''), painted the same year, has a more noble aspect, although this portrait too has been interpreted as a parody of librarianship, book collectors, and intellectualism. | + | |
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Gripsholm Castle is a castle in Mariefred, Södermanland, Sweden. It is located by lake Mälaren in south central Sweden, in the municipality of Strängnäs, about 60 km west of Stockholm. Now the castle is a museum which is open to the public, containing paintings and works of art. Part of the castle houses the National Portrait Gallery (Statens porträttsamlingar), one of the oldest portrait collections in the world.
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Gripsholm Castle" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
