Gutai group
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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The Gutai group (also spelled Gutaï or Gutaj, but in every case pronounced to rhyme with "to tie") was an artistic movement and association of artists founded (according to most sources) by Jiro Yoshihara in Japan in 1954. According to the official website of Shozo Shimamoto, Shimamoto and Yoshihara founded Gutai together in 1954, and it was Shimamoto who suggested the name Gutai, which means (again, according to this source) “concrete”.
Influence
In addition to Yoshihara and Shimamoto, members of the Gutai group included Sadamasa Motonaga [1], Atsuko Tanaka, Akira Kanayama, and others. A formative influence on the later Fluxus movement, the group was also associated with certain European (particularly French) art world figures such as Georges Mathieu and Michel Tapié, and with tachisme ("art informel"). According to the Tate Gallery's online art glossary, Gutai artists also "created a series of striking works anticipating later Happenings and Performance and Conceptual art." [2] Gutai artists also created works that would now be called installations, inspiring the work of non-Japanese artists such as Allan Kaprow, and leading to the later Fluxus network.
The Tate article records that "the group dissolved in 1972 following the death of Yoshihara."
