Rhône-Alpes
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
(Difference between revisions)
| Revision as of 11:36, 3 July 2022 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff |
Current revision Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 2: | Line 2: | ||
| '''Rhône-Alpes''' was an [[regions of France|administrative region]] of France. Since 1 January 2016, it is part of the new region [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]]. It is located on the eastern border of the country, towards the south. The region was named after the river [[Rhône]] and the [[Alps]] mountain range. Its capital, [[Lyon]], is the second-largest metropolitan area in France after Paris. Rhône-Alpes has the sixth-largest economy of any European region. | '''Rhône-Alpes''' was an [[regions of France|administrative region]] of France. Since 1 January 2016, it is part of the new region [[Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes]]. It is located on the eastern border of the country, towards the south. The region was named after the river [[Rhône]] and the [[Alps]] mountain range. Its capital, [[Lyon]], is the second-largest metropolitan area in France after Paris. Rhône-Alpes has the sixth-largest economy of any European region. | ||
| - | |||
| - | == Geography == | ||
| - | Rhône-Alpes is located in the southeast of France. The neighboring (pre-2016) regions are [[Bourgogne]] (Burgundy) and [[Franche-Comté]] to the north, [[Auvergne (region)|Auvergne]] to the west, [[Languedoc-Roussillon]] to the southwest, and [[Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur]] to the south. The eastern part of the region is in the [[Alps]], and borders Switzerland and Italy. The highest peak is [[Mont Blanc]], on the French-Italian border. The central part of the region comprises the river valleys of the [[Rhône]] and the [[Saône]]. The confluence of these two rivers is at Lyon. The western part of the region contains the start of the [[Massif Central]] mountain range. The region also borders or contains major lakes such as [[Lake Geneva]] (''Lac Léman'') and [[Lake Annecy]]. The [[Ardèche (river)|Ardèche]] flows through the southwest portion of the region, where it has carved the deepest gorge in Europe. | ||
| - | |||
| - | As with the rest of France, French is the only official language of the region. Until the mid-20th century, [[Arpitan]] was widely spoken in the whole region, while many of the inhabitants of the south spoke varieties of [[Occitan language|Occitan]]; both are in steep decline in this region. There are immigrant populations from Armenia, Italy, North Africa, Poland and Portugal, and elsewhere. | ||
| - | |||
| - | Rhône-Alpes is made up of the following [[Departments of France|departments]]: | ||
| - | * [[Ain]] (01). Capital: [[Bourg-en-Bresse]] | ||
| - | * [[Ardèche]] (07). Capital: [[Privas]] | ||
| - | * [[Drôme]] (26). Capital: [[Valence, Drôme|Valence]] | ||
| - | * [[Isère]] (38). Capital: [[Grenoble]] | ||
| - | * [[Loire (department)|Loire]] (42). Capital: [[Saint-Étienne]] | ||
| - | * [[Rhône (department)|Rhône]] (69). Capital: [[Lyon]] | ||
| - | * [[Savoie]] (73). Capital: [[Chambéry]] | ||
| - | * [[Haute-Savoie]] (74). Capital: [[Annecy]] | ||
| - | |||
| - | And, since 2015, Metropolis with [[territorial collectivity]] statute: | ||
| - | * [[Metropolis of Lyon]] (69). Capital: [[Lyon]] | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===Lakes=== | ||
| - | There are six main lakes in Rhône-Alpes: | ||
| - | * [[Lac de Paladru]] | ||
| - | * [[Lac d'Aiguebelette]] | ||
| - | * [[Lac du Bourget]] | ||
| - | * [[Lac d'Annecy]] | ||
| - | * [[Lac de Nantua]] | ||
| - | * [[Lac Léman]] | ||
| - | |||
| - | Prefectures listed in descending order of size: | ||
| - | * [[Lyon]] ([[Rhône (department)|Rhône]]) | ||
| - | * [[Grenoble]] ([[Isère]]) | ||
| - | * [[Saint-Étienne]] ([[Loire (département)|Loire]]) | ||
| - | * [[Valence, Drôme|Valence]] ([[Drôme (département)|Drôme]]) | ||
| - | * [[Chambéry]] ([[Savoie (département)|Savoie]]) | ||
| - | * [[Annecy]] ([[Haute-Savoie]]) | ||
| - | * [[Bourg-en-Bresse]] ([[Ain (département)|Ain]]) | ||
| - | * [[Privas]] ([[Ardèche]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | == History == | ||
| - | Although there have been people in Rhône-Alpes since pre-historic times, the earliest recorded settlers of the region were the Gauls (Celts). Cities such as Lyon were founded by them and the region traded with both northern and southern Europe. Most of the area became part of [[Roman Republic|Roman]] territory during the invasion of Celtic Gaul led by [[Julius Caesar]] and was at various times part of the regions of Lugdunensis and Gallia. Lyon itself became a major city in the [[Roman Empire]]. | ||
| - | |||
| - | The region, excepting Savoy, was part of the Merovingian and Carolingian Kingdoms before becoming a royal territory under the Capetians. As it became a royal territory early on in French history, its cultural, political and economic influences and developments paralleled those of greater France. (See [[History of France]].) | ||
| - | |||
| - | == Transportation == | ||
| - | Rhône-Alpes is a major European transit hub, linking northern France and Europe to the [[Mediterranean Sea|Mediterranean]] area. Millions travel along its motorways in summertime from Paris to holidays at the sea. The [[European route E15|E15]] Euroroute ([[UK|Britain]] to Spain) runs through the region. There are [[international airport]]s at Lyon, Grenoble and Saint-Étienne and many other minor airports and airfields. | ||
| - | The region is also a transport hub for the rail network with the [[TGV]] running through Lyon from Paris and the north, to the Mediterranean. A high-speed rail link is planned from Lyon to [[Turin]]. | ||
| - | |||
| - | == Economy == | ||
| - | Rhône-Alpes is a prosperous region which can be seen by its per capita GDP of about €31,231 ($40,000), which is higher than the French average, and an average income of €35,910 ($50,246), its economy second in size only to [[Île-de-France (region)|Île-de-France]] in France. This can be attributed to the diversity of the production in different sectors. The region is one of the [[Four Motors for Europe]]. | ||
| - | * Industry, in particular: | ||
| - | ** Light engineering and high-tech | ||
| - | ** Mechanical engineering in the area of [[Annecy]] | ||
| - | ** Precision machining in the area of [[Cluses]] | ||
| - | * Services, in particular: | ||
| - | ** High-tech industries, nanotechnology, biotechnology especially in [[Grenoble]] with 62,300 jobs<ref>[http://www.grenoble-isere.com/media/upload/pdf_chiffrescles/AEPI-Chiffres-cles2015-FR.pdf grenoble-isere.com, AEPI edition 2015, pages 7,8 and 9.] {{webarchive|url=http://archive.wikiwix.com/cache/20150830164759/http://www.grenoble-isere.com/media/upload/pdf_chiffrescles/AEPI-Chiffres-cles2015-FR.pdf |date=2015-08-30 }} {{in lang|fr}}</ref> in these sectors thanks to the presence of the [[Polygone Scientifique]], [[Inovallée]] and some large companies as [[Schneider Electric]]. | ||
| - | ** Optic and design in [[Saint-Étienne]] | ||
| - | ** Tourism with the Alps (for skiing), Lyon and Grenoble (for culture) and the Ardèche (adventure sports/[[camping]]) particularly popular | ||
| - | ** Education, with major universities in Lyon, Grenoble and Saint-Étienne. | ||
| - | |||
| - | In the past mining, especially coal mining was an important sector, particularly around [[Saint-Étienne]], although this has declined since the 1970s. | ||
| - | |||
| - | The area of the region that lies close to [[Switzerland]] has an economy linked to that of [[Geneva]]. This area forms a [[hinterland]] for the Geneva hub.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.french-property.com/regions/rhone_alpes/economy/ |title=Rhone Alpes Economy |publisher=French-property.com |access-date=2013-09-06 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130318061505/http://www.french-property.com/regions/rhone_alpes/economy/ |archive-date=2013-03-18 }}</ref> | ||
| - | |||
| - | The Triangle of [[Lyon]], [[Saint-Étienne]] and [[Grenoble]] contribute a GDP of €145 billion to the region. Add [[Valence, Drôme|Valence]] to it, it is almost €150 billion. In addition, [[Lyon]] alone has a [[Gross Metropolitan Product]] of about €85 billion. | ||
| - | |||
| - | The region has been part of [[Alps–Mediterranean Euroregion]] since 10 July 2007. | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==Major cities== | ||
| - | {| style="width:50%;" | ||
| - | | [[Annecy]]||[[Saint-Chamond, Loire|Saint-Chamond]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Bourg-en-Bresse]]||[[Saint-Étienne]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Bron]]||[[Saint-Martin-d'Hères]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Chambéry]]||[[Thonon-les-Bains]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Grenoble]]||[[Valence, Drôme|Valence]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Lyon]]||[[Vaulx-en-Velin]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Montélimar]]||[[Villeurbanne]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Roanne]]||[[Vénissieux]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | [[Vienne (Isère)|Vienne]]||[[Villefranche-sur-Saône]] | ||
| - | |- | ||
| - | | | ||
| - | |} | ||
| - | |||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
Rhône-Alpes was an administrative region of France. Since 1 January 2016, it is part of the new region Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. It is located on the eastern border of the country, towards the south. The region was named after the river Rhône and the Alps mountain range. Its capital, Lyon, is the second-largest metropolitan area in France after Paris. Rhône-Alpes has the sixth-largest economy of any European region.
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Rhône-Alpes" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
