Hypernymy and hyponymy  

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In linguistics, a hyponym (from Greek hupó, "under" and ónoma, "name") is a word or phrase whose semantic field is included within that of another word, its hyperonym or hypernym (from Greek hupér, "over" and ónoma, "name").

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Umbrella term

An umbrella term is a term used to cover a broad number of functions or items that all fall under a single common category. Umbrella term is also called a hypernym. For example, cryptology is an umbrella term that encompasses cryptography and cryptanalysis, among other fields. Similarly, an umbrella organization is a central and coordinating body representing a number of smaller, separate bodies.

The closely related blanket term is a word or phrase that is used to describe multiple groups of related things. The degree of relation may vary, even have a minimal relationship, but blanket terms often trade specificity for ease-of-use; in other words, a blanket term by itself gives little detail about the things that it describes or the relationships between them, but is easy to say and remember. Blanket terms may originate as slang, and eventually become integrated into the general vocabulary.

Examples of umbrella terms

In archaeology and anthropology
In earth science
Other
  • Straw man (two dictionary definitions)
  • Psychokinesis (numerous alleged psychic force abilities described under this term)
  • Psychosis (describes nine distinct diagnoses)
  • Daltonism (umbrella for various color-blindness problems)
  • Intellectual property (umbrella for certain exclusive rights in intangible things)
  • Sick sinus syndrome (collection of various heart disease diagnoses typically in elderly individuals)

Examples of blanket terms

Other umbrella terms

See also





Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Hypernymy and hyponymy" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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