Inequality  

"Are mass violence and catastrophes the only forces that can seriously decrease economic inequality? To judge by thousands of years of history, the answer is yes. Tracing the global history of inequality from the Stone Age to today, The Great Leveler shows that inequality never dies peacefully. Inequality declines when carnage and disaster strike and increases when peace and stability return." --Sholem Stein

1. An unfair, not equal, state.

   The inequality in living standards lead to a civil war as the have nots rebelled.

"When racial and sexual injustice have been reduced, we shall still be left with the great injustice of the smart and the dumb, who are so differently rewarded for comparable effort. […] Perhaps someone will discover a way to reduce the socially produced inequalities (especially the economic ones) between the intelligent and the unintelligent, the talented and the untalented, or even the beautiful and the ugly."--"The Policy of Preference" by Thomas Nagel in Mortal Questions (1979) by Thomas Nagel