Jean-Baptiste Wicar
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| - | Et, sur proposition de [[Wicar]], la [[Société républicaine des arts]] décide, le 22 avril 1794, de dresser une liste des ouvrages répréhensibles et obscènes pour être dénoncés au [[Comité de Salut public]]. La publication de [[l’Œuvre priapique]] fait partie du lot et le recueil a été très vite retiré, si tant est qu’il ait été mis en vente : il ne subsiste tout simplement aucun exemplaire connu de ce tirage, et la composition exacte n’a jamais pu être établie avec certitude. Denon fit par la suite une carrière remarquable, premier directeur du [[Musée du Louvre]] et graveur attitré de l’Expédition d’Égypte. Mais il faudra attendre plusieurs années pour voir publier son œuvre gravée : ce n’est que dans la seconde partie du siècle que le libraire-éditeur [[Barraud]] acquiert l’intégralité des cuivres originaux, parmi ceux conservés, de Denon. Il réalise alors en 1873 une édition de l’œuvre gravée de l’artiste, soit 317 planches, dont celle des Priapées, révélées ici pour la première fois au grand public et imprimées à 100 exemplaires ; à la série initiale de 23 gravures, Barraud procède au tirage de huit gravures supplémentaires, inédites. De nombreuses contrefaçons verront le jour par la suite, notamment des retirages des planches les plus célèbres comme celles du Roi Phallus, malade, reçoit la visite de ses médecins ou celle du Phallus phénoménal, qui est bien évidemment une transposition plaisante du thème swiftien de [[Gulliver]] échoué sur le rivage de [[Lilliput]]. | + | |
| + | '''Jean-Baptiste Wicar''' (22 January 1762, Lille - 27 February 1834, Rome) was a French Neoclassical painter and art collector. | ||
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| + | ==Life== | ||
| + | The son of a carpenter, Wicar studied drawing at the free school in Lille before further honing his talents in the studio of [[Jacques-Louis David|David]]. The drawings Wicar created of ''Tableaux, statues, bas-reliefs et camées de la Galerie de Florence et du palais Pitti'' (''Paintings, statues, bas-reliefs and cameos in the [[Uffizi|Gallery of Florence]] and the [[Pitti Palace]]'') were published in Paris in 4 volumes at the Lacombe publishing house from 1789 to 1807. | ||
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| + | Wicar headed the commission set up by [[Napoleon I of France]] to loot artworks from the [[Austrian Netherlands]] to enrich museums in France - an initial convoy left [[Antwerp]] on 11 August 1794, notably with paintings by [[Rubens]], for the [[Louvre]]. Abbeys and castles were systematically emptied of their contents, furniture and works of art. Wicar was also a member of the [[commission des sciences et des arts]] on the [[French Revolutionary Wars: Campaigns of 1796|Italian campaign]], in the entourage of [[Napoleon I of France|Bonaparte]]. This commission was charged with seizing artworks that could enrich French national museum collections. He finally permanently settled in Rome in 1800 and became a portraitist of European renown. | ||
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| + | On his death in Rome, Wicar left the major collection of 1,300 drawings he had accumulated over his lifetime to the Société des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts de Lille. Mostly from the Italian school, but also in some small measure from the northern schools, it held drawings by artists like [[Raphael]], [[Albrecht Dürer]], [[Lucas Cranach]], [[Nicolas Poussin]] and [[Jacques-Louis David]]. This legacy initially formed the public "musée Wicar", which in 1866 merged into the [[Palais des beaux-arts de Lille]]. | ||
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Jean-Baptiste Wicar (22 January 1762, Lille - 27 February 1834, Rome) was a French Neoclassical painter and art collector.
Life
The son of a carpenter, Wicar studied drawing at the free school in Lille before further honing his talents in the studio of David. The drawings Wicar created of Tableaux, statues, bas-reliefs et camées de la Galerie de Florence et du palais Pitti (Paintings, statues, bas-reliefs and cameos in the Gallery of Florence and the Pitti Palace) were published in Paris in 4 volumes at the Lacombe publishing house from 1789 to 1807.
Wicar headed the commission set up by Napoleon I of France to loot artworks from the Austrian Netherlands to enrich museums in France - an initial convoy left Antwerp on 11 August 1794, notably with paintings by Rubens, for the Louvre. Abbeys and castles were systematically emptied of their contents, furniture and works of art. Wicar was also a member of the commission des sciences et des arts on the Italian campaign, in the entourage of Bonaparte. This commission was charged with seizing artworks that could enrich French national museum collections. He finally permanently settled in Rome in 1800 and became a portraitist of European renown.
On his death in Rome, Wicar left the major collection of 1,300 drawings he had accumulated over his lifetime to the Société des Sciences, de l’Agriculture et des Arts de Lille. Mostly from the Italian school, but also in some small measure from the northern schools, it held drawings by artists like Raphael, Albrecht Dürer, Lucas Cranach, Nicolas Poussin and Jacques-Louis David. This legacy initially formed the public "musée Wicar", which in 1866 merged into the Palais des beaux-arts de Lille.
