Jihad  

"Deprived urban areas on the fringe of large metropolises in Belgium, France, Great Britain. Middle-class cities in Denmark in Germany, these very different areas have one thing in common. For 30 years, their names have been part of the cartography of a minority ideology in Islam: jihad. From early preachers to terrorists 100% European, this totalitarian ideology has spawned ever more deadly. Since 2001 150 attacks have struck the old continent, to which must be added countless victims in Muslim countries. Since the late 80s, a handful of ideologists from the Middle East settled in Europe and spread jihadist thought to follow in their footsteps is to retrace origins of a political project that European democracies have had difficulty to detect and understand."--incipit Djihad sur l'Europe (2023)

Jihad vs. McWorld (1995) by Benjamin Barber

1. A holy war undertaken by Muslims.

   The men, all devout Muslims, now face ... life imprisonment for entering into an agreement to wage violent jihad on Australian soil.

2. An aggressive campaign for an idea.
3. a personal spiritual struggle for self-improvement and against evil

"The “call to jihad is rising in the streets of Europe, and is being answered,” reported The New York Times in April 2004. The Times story quoted a Muslim cleric in Britain touting the “culture of martyrdom,” an imam in Switzerland urging his followers to “impose the will of Islam on the godless society of the West,” and another radical Islamist leader in Britain predicting that “our Muslim brothers from abroad will come one day and conquer here, and then we will live under Islam in dignity.”" --Clash of Civilizations