Assassination of Kim Jong-nam  

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-'''Kim Jong-nam''' (10 May 1971 – 13 February 2017) was the eldest son of [[Kim Jong-il]], deceased former leader of [[North Korea]]. From roughly 1994 to 2001, he was considered the heir apparent to his father. After advocating reform and embarrassing the regime in 2001 with a failed attempt to visit [[Tokyo Disneyland]] with a false passport, he was thought to have fallen out of favour.+The '''assassination of [[Kim Jong-nam]]''' ({{korean|hangul= 김정남|hanja=金正男|context=north}}) occurred on 13 February 2017 when two women attacked him with [[VX (nerve agent)|VX nerve agent]], a lethal chemical weapon, at [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]] in [[Malaysia]]. Kim is the eldest son of deceased [[North Korean]] dictator [[Kim Jong-il]] and the half-brother of current North Korean dictator [[Kim Jong-un]]. The assassination is under investigation but is widely believed to have been ordered or conducted with the approval of the North Korean government.
-Kim was [[exile]]d from North Korea {{circa}} 2003, becoming an occasional critic of his family's regime. His younger paternal half-brother, [[Kim Jong-un]], was named heir apparent in September 2010. Kim [[Assassination of Kim Jong-nam|died on 13 February 2017]] in [[Malaysia]] as the result of a suspected chemical attack.+== Death ==
 +{{Infobox event
 +| title = Death of Kim Jong-nam
 +| image =
 +| image_size =
 +| image_upright =
 +| image_alt =
 +| caption =
 +| native_name =
 +| native_name_lang =
 +| english_name =
 +| time =
 +| date = {{start date |df=yes|2017|02|13}}
 +| venue =
 +| location = Kuala Lumpur International Airport 2, Malaysia
 +| coordinates = <!-- {{coord |LAT|LON|region:XXXX_type:event|display=inline,title}} -->
 +| also_known_as =
 +| type =
 +| theme =
 +| cause = Suspected [[homicide]] by [[VX nerve agent]]
 +| first_reporter =
 +| organisers = <!-- or |organizers= -->
 +| participants =
 +| outcome =
 +| casualties1 =
 +| reported deaths =
 +| burial =
 +| inquiries = Ongoing; Autopsy performed on 15 February at the Kuala Lumpur Hospital mortuary
 +| inquest =
 +| coroner =
 +| arrests = Đoàn Thị Hương (Vietnamese), <br/>Siti Aisyah (Indonesian), <br/>Muhammad Farid Bin Jalaluddin (Malaysian, released on bail), <br/>Ri Jong-chol (North Korean, released and deported due to lack of evidence)
 +| suspects = Rhi Ji-hyon, <br/>Hong Song-hac, <br/>O Jong-gil, <br/>Ri Jae-nam (North Koreans), <br/>Kim Uk-il (North Korean, released and deported; cleared of any wrongdoing), <br/>Ri Ji-u (North Korean, released and deported; cleared of any wrongdoing), <br/>Hyon Kwang-song (a senior diplomat in the North Korean embassy in Malaysia, released and deported; cleared of any wrongdoing)
 +| accused =
 +| convicted =
 +| charges =
 +| trial =
 +| verdict =
 +| convictions =
 +| sentence =
 +| publication_bans =
 +| litigation =
 +| awards =
 +| url =
 +| blank1_label = <!-- or |blank1_data= -->
 +| blank2_label = <!-- or |blank2_data= -->
 +| website = <!-- {{URL|example.com}} -->
 +| notes =
 +}}
 + 
 +===Attack at the airport===
 + 
 +On 13 February 2017, Kim was attacked by two women<ref name= guardian_death>{{cite news|last1= McCurry|first1=Justin|title=Kim Jong-un's half-brother dies after 'attack' at airport in Malaysia|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/14/kim-jong-un-half-brother-reportedly-killed-malaysia-north-korea |accessdate=14 February 2017|work=The Guardian |date= 14 February 2017}}</ref> with [[VX (nerve agent)|VX nerve agent]] at [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport#klia2|klia2]], the low-cost carrier terminal at [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]],<ref name="independent">{{cite news |title= Kim Jong-un's half-brother 'assassinated with poisoned needles at airport' |url=http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/asia/kim-jong-un-half-brother-killed-kim-jong-nam-malaysia-north-korea-leader-a7579246.html|author=Samuel Osborne |work=The Independent |date=14 February 2017}}</ref> [[Malaysia]] during his return trip to Macau. VX is a chemical weapon banned by the [[Chemical Weapons Convention]] of 1993, which North Korea has not ratified. North Korea is suspected to hold the world's third-biggest stockpile (after the United States and Russia, which are both signatories and are reportedly in the process of destroying their stockpiles).<ref name= "Borger">Julian Borger, [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/24/north-korea-use-of-chemical-weapons-kim-jong-nam-a-deliberate-signal-to-its-foes North Korea's use of nerve agent in murder sends a deliberate signal to foes], ''The Guardian'' (24 February 2017).</ref><ref name="BBCNerveAgent">{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39073389|title=Kim Jong-nam killing: VX nerve agent 'found on his face'|publisher=BBC News|date=24 February 2017|accessdate=24 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|author=Richard C. Paddock & Choe Sang-Hun|title=Kim Jong-nam Was Killed by VX Nerve Agent, Malaysians Say|work=New York Times|date=23 February 2017|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/23/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-vx-nerve-agent-.html}}</ref><ref name="not immediately confirmed">{{cite web|url=https://www.opcw.org/fileadmin/OPCW/EC/84/en/Malaysia_ec84_statement.pdf|title=Report on the use of a chemical weapon in the death of a DPRK national|publisher=Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons|date=7 March 2017|accessdate=9 March 2017|format=PDF}}</ref>
 + 
 +Malaysian police said that Kim had alerted a receptionist, saying "someone had grabbed him from behind and splashed a liquid on his face" and that a woman "covered [Kim's] face with a cloth laced with a liquid".<ref name= "BBC News 2017">{{cite web |title= North Korean leader's brother Kim Jong-nam 'killed' in Malaysia'| work = BBC News |date= 14 February 2017|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-38971655 |accessdate= 14 February 2017}}</ref>
 +Kim died while being transferred from the airport to the [[Putrajaya]] Hospital.<ref name= guardian_death /><ref name="20minutedeath">{{cite news|last1=Fifield|first1=Anna|title=North Korean leader's half brother suffered a 'very painful death,' Malaysian officials say|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/north-korean-leaders-half-brother-suffered-a-very-painful-death-within-20-minutes-malaysian-officials-say/2017/02/26/f33b7006-6e4e-415a-98e6-846b27fdc9e6_story.html|work=The Washington Post|date=26 February 2017|accessdate=26 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-malaysia-kim-murder-idUSKBN15V1BO|title= Murder at the airport: the brazen attack on North Korean leader's half brother| first1 = Praveen | last1 = Menon| first2 = Emily | last2 = Chow|agency= Reuters |date= 16 February 2017 |accessdate= 16 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +As he was travelling under the pseudonym "Kim Chol", Malaysian officials did not immediately formally confirm that Kim Jong-nam was the man killed.<ref name="not immediately confirmed"/><ref name="BBC_15Feb_1">{{cite news |title= Kim Jong-nam death: Malaysia police hold female suspect |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-asia-38980474|accessdate=15 February 2017|publisher=BBC News|date=15 February 2017}}</ref> Kim's extensive [[Facebook]] usage under this pseudonym since at least 2010, and usage of commercial email services for communications, may have made it easier for North Korean agents to seek his whereabouts and track his movements.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Ryall|first1=Julian|title=Did Kim Jong-nam's Facebook fixation lead to his death?|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/16/kim-jong-nams-facebook-fixation-may-have-aided-assailants/|accessdate=2 March 2017|work=The Telegraph|date=16 February 2016|location=Tokyo, Japan}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 14 February Malaysian police arrested a 28-year-old Vietnamese woman named Đoàn Thị Hương at [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]] in connection with the attack.<ref name= "BBC_15Feb_1" /> Hương was identified through [[CCTV]] footage.<ref name= "Holmes.15Feb" /> On 16 February, a 25-year-old Indonesian woman named Siti Aisyah was arrested and identified as the second female suspect.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://news.sky.com/story/kim-jong-nam-killing-second-female-suspect-arrested-10769703|title= Kim Jong-Nam killing: Second woman arrested in Malaysia | work = Sky News |date=16 February 2017 |accessdate= 16 February 2017}}</ref> Aisyah's boyfriend, a 26-year-old Malaysian named Muhammad Farid Bin Jalaluddin, was also arrested to assist in the investigation.<ref name= NBC2017-02-16a>{{cite web |url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/north-korea/malaysian-police-arrest-2nd-woman-suspected-death-kim-jong-un-n721596 |title= Kim Jong Nam's Death: 3rd Arrest in Dictator’s Half-Brother Case |first1= Stella |last1= Kim |first2= Chapman |last2= Bell |work= NBC News |date= 16 February 2017 |accessdate= 16 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +Hương told the police that she was instructed by four men who were travelling with them to spray Kim with an unidentified liquid while Aisyah held and covered his face with a handkerchief as part of a prank. She claimed that after she returned to look for the others, they had disappeared, and thus she decided to head back to the airport the next day.<ref name="Free Malaysia Today">{{cite web|url=http://www.freemalaysiatoday.com/category/nation/2017/02/15/killing-of-north-korean-suspect-thought-she-was-playing-a-prank/|title=Killing of North Korean: Suspect thought she was playing a prank|publisher=Free Malaysia Today|date=15 February 2017|accessdate=16 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 17 February, police arrested a 46-year-old North Korean man named Ri Jong-chol.<ref name="4th suspect"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/02/18/jong-nam-murder-man-arrested/|title=Fourth person arrested in Jong-nam murder probe|author=Farik Zolkepli|publisher=The Star|date=18 February 2017|accessdate=18 February 2017}}</ref> He was described as an IT worker living in Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_northkorea/783597.html|title=One suspect in Kim Jong-nam’s killing was middleman buying commodities in Malaysia|author=Park Su-ji|publisher=The Hankyoreh|date=21 February 2017|accessdate=22 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +===Autopsy===
 + 
 +Meanwhile North Korean diplomats objected to any form of [[autopsy]] being conducted on Kim's body,<ref name= "Holmes.15Feb">{{cite news |last = Holmes |first =Oliver |title= Kim Jong-nam death: Malaysian police arrest female suspect |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/15/kim-jong-nam-malaysian-police-arrest-female-suspect-over-death|accessdate= 15 February 2017|work= The Guardian |date=15 February 2017}}</ref> but the autopsy proceeded as they did not submit a formal protest.<ref name= NBC2017-02-16a /> A post-mortem on Kim was conducted on 15 February at the [[Kuala Lumpur Hospital]] mortuary in the presence of several North Korean officials,<ref name="star klmortuary">{{cite news|title=North Korean embassy cars seen at KL hospital mortuary |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/02/15/cars-north-korean-embassy-seen-at-hkl-mortuary/ |accessdate=15 February 2017 |work=The Star |date=15 February 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170217142925/http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/02/15/cars-north-korean-embassy-seen-at-hkl-mortuary/ |archivedate=17 February 2017 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref> and concluded the following day, formally confirming the identity of Kim's body.<ref name= NBC2017-02-16a />
 + 
 +Following Malaysia's refusal to release the body immediately, North Korea's ambassador Kang Chol accused Malaysia of collaborating with the country's enemies over the assassination of Kim Jong-nam.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/02/18/north-korea-accuses-malaysia-of-jong-nam-body/|title= North Korea will reject autopsy report, says ambassador| first = M | last = Kumar |publisher= The Star |date= 18 February 2017 |accessdate= 18 February 2017}}</ref> The ambassador said they would reject the outcome of the post-mortem conducted "on its citizen without permission" and perceived the decision as a "violation of human rights", and thus would lodge a complaint to the [[International Court of Justice]] (ICJ).<ref name= "4th suspect">{{cite web |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/02/18/north-korean-passport-holder-arrested-malaysia-killing-kim-jong/|title= North Korean man arrested in Malaysia over killing of Kim Jong-nam as second autopsy to be conducted | first = Julian | last = Ryall| work = The Telegraph |date=18 February 2017 |accessdate= 18 February 2017}}</ref> The ambassador was summoned by the government of Malaysia on 20 February, while the Malaysian ambassador to North Korea was recalled.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/malaysia-north-korea-row-escalates-kim-jong-nam-170220033146607.html |title=Malaysia-North Korea row escalates over Kim Jong-nam |publisher=Al Jazeera |date=20 February 2017 |accessdate=20 February 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222040532/http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/malaysia-north-korea-row-escalates-kim-jong-nam-170220033146607.html |archivedate=22 February 2017 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref> The ambassador then responded that they cannot trust the investigation by Malaysian police, noting there had been no evidence of the cause of death even a week after the attack. He also proposed that North Korea and Malaysia should open a joint investigation together in order to prevent influence from South Korea which, he said, is trying to malign North Korea as the party responsible for the killing.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/north-korea-says-malaysia-cant-be-trusted-to-investigate-the-killing-of-leaders-half-brother/2017/02/20/7f0cccb4-f740-11e6-be05-1a3817ac21a5_story.html|title= North Korea says Malaysia can’t be trusted to investigate the killing of leader’s half brother | first =Anna | last = Fifield | work =The Washington Post |date=20 February 2017 |accessdate= 20 February 2017}}</ref> Malaysian Prime Minister [[Najib Razak]] responded to the ambassador that his country will be objective in the investigation and assured the North Korean side that they do not have reason to paint North Korea in a bad light while rejecting the request for joint investigation.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-malaysia-kim-idUSKBN15Z06L|title= Malaysian PM says probe into airport killing will be fair |agency= Reuters|date= 20 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.nst.com.my/news/2017/02/214081/jong-nam-assassination-najib-says-no-n-korea-demand-joint-investigation|title= Jong-nam assassination: Najib says 'no' to N. Korea demand for joint investigation | first =Adrian | last = Lai| work =New Straits Times |date=20 February 2017 |accessdate= 20 February 2017}}</ref> On 22 February, Malaysian police said there was evidence of an attempted break-in at the mortuary where Kim's body was being held.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.themalaymailonline.com/malaysia/article/cops-say-detected-bids-to-break-into-mortuary-holding-kim-jong-nam-body|title= Cops say detected bids to break into mortuary holding Kim Jong-nam body |last= Kumar |first= Kamles |work= Malay Mail|date= 22 February 2017 |accessdate=24 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 24 February, Malaysia's police chief [[Khalid Abu Bakar]] announced that a post-mortem toxicology report had found traces of the [[VX (nerve agent)|nerve agent VX]] on Kim's face.<ref name= "BBCNerveAgent" /> According to experts, the use of VX gas may explain why two assailants were involved, because each assailant "could have wiped two or more [[Precursor (chemistry)|precursors]]" in Kim's face.<ref name= "Borger"/> This is referred to as a [[binary chemical weapon]].<ref name= "McCurry">{{cite web| first = Justin | last = McCurry |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/24/what-is-vx-nerve-agent-killed-kim-jong-nam-north-korea |title=What is the VX nerve agent that killed North Korean Kim Jong-nam?|work= The Guardian |date=20 February 2017 |accessdate= 24 February 2017}}</ref><ref>David Bradley, [https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/vx-nerve-agent-in-north-koreans-murder-how-does-it-work/ VX Nerve Agent in North Korean's Murder: How Does It Work?], ''Chemistry World'', republished at ''Scientific American'' (24 February 2017).</ref> This method could ensure that the assailants were not themselves killed by the poison, which can be fatal in very small amounts; additionally, smuggling the chemical components into Malaysia separately could have helped avoid detection.<ref name= "Borger"/><ref name= "McCurry" /><ref name= "WMD">Richard C. Paddock, Choe Sang-hun & Nicholas Wade, [https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/24/world/asia/north-korea-kim-jong-nam-vx-nerve-agent.html In Kim Jong-nam’s Death, North Korea Lets Loose a Weapon of Mass Destruction], ''New York Times'' (24 February 2017).</ref> Aisyah reported she vomited in the taxi afterward and has continued to feel unwell.<ref name= 20minutedeath /> Chemical weapons experts Jean-Pascal Zanders and Richard Guthrie noted that the reported effects were not entirely consistent with the potency of VX – Jong-Nam was able to walk to the medical station without suffering spasms, paramedics were not affected, the assailants survived, and there were no other reports of injury even though the scene of the attack was not cleaned for over a week. VX degrades rapidly in storage and North Korea's supplies are believed to be several years old, which could explain the apparent weakness of the chemical.<ref name="NewSci">{{cite news|url=https://www.newscientist.com/article/2122587-was-kim-jong-nam-killed-by-vx-nerve-gas-doesnt-look-like-it/|title=Was Kim Jong-nam killed by VX nerve gas? Doesn’t look like it|date=24 January 2017|accessdate=27 February 2017|newspaper=New Scientist}}</ref>
 + 
 +The North Korean government rejected all findings, accused the Malaysian police of "fabricating evidence" in collusion with South Korea and demanded the release of the three people being held in connection with the death.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/23/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-assassination-north-korea-malaysia.html|title=Kim Jong-nam Evidence Being Fabricated by Malaysia, North Korea Says|author1=Choe Sang-hun|author2=Richard C. Paddock|author3=Chau Doan|author4=Fira Abdurachman|newspaper=The New York Times|date=23 February 2017|accessdate=23 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 10 March, police completed the autopsy, confirming that the body belonged to Kim Jong-nam based from DNA provided by his son [[Kim Han-sol]],<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bangkokpost.com/news/world/1215245/malaysian-assassination-victims-identity-confirmed-by-dna|title=Malaysian assassination victim's identity confirmed by DNA|work=Kyodo News|publisher=Bangkok Post|date=16 March 2017|accessdate=16 March 2017}}</ref> and the body was handed to the [[Ministry of Health (Malaysia)|Ministry of Health]] for further action.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.channelnewsasia.com/news/asiapacific/malaysia-confirms-kim-chol-is-kim-jong-nam-igp-khalid/3584940.html|title=Malaysia confirms 'Kim Chol' is Kim Jong Nam: IGP Khalid|publisher=Channel NewsAsia|date=10 March 2017|accessdate=10 March 2017}}</ref> The Health Ministry said they would then give Kim's family two to three weeks to claim his body,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://abcnews.go.com/International/wireStory/malaysia-give-kims-family-time-claim-body-46087418|title=Malaysia says it will give Kim's family time to claim body|author=Eileen Ng|work=Associated Press|publisher=ABC News|date=13 March 2017|accessdate=13 March 2017}}</ref> with the body having been [[embalming|embalmed]] to preserve it during the period.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/2017/03/14/malaysia-says-body-north-korean-kim-jong-nam-embalmed-preserve/|title=Malaysia says body of North Korean Kim Jong-nam embalmed to 'preserve' it|work=Associated Press|publisher=The Telegraph|date=14 March 2017|accessdate=16 March 2017}}</ref> The family however declined to take the body and gave the Malaysian authorities permission to manage the remains.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/03/16/jong-nam-remains-family/|title='Jong-nam's family has given Malaysia permission to manage his remains'|author=Farik Zolkepli|publisher=The Star|date=16 March 2017|accessdate=16 March 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +===North Korean–Malaysian dispute===
 +{{main|Malaysia–North Korea relations}}
 + 
 +On 28 February, the North Korean government dispatched a high level delegation to Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.thesundaily.my/node/430521|title=North Korea sends high powered envoy to solve issues with Malaysia|author=Ashwin Kumar|publisher=The Sun|date=28 February 2017|accessdate=1 March 2017}}</ref> North Korea said the claim that VX nerve agent was used to kill one of its citizens is "absurd" and lacked scientific basis, portraying it as an allegation jointly made by the United States and South Korea to tarnish its image,<ref>{{cite web|url=http://mobile.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN168422?il=0|title=North Korea says claim its citizen killed in Malaysia by VX agent 'absurd'|author1=Jack Kim|author2=Clarence Fernandez|publisher=Reuters|date=1 March 2017|accessdate=1 March 2017}}</ref> adding that the death was caused by a "heart attack" as Kim Jong-nam has a record of heart disease. The North Koreans stressed that if it was indeed caused by the chemical it should be proven by the [[Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nbcnews.com/news/north-korea/north-korea-says-kim-jong-nam-likely-died-heart-attack-n728041|title= North Korea Says Kim Jong Nam Likely Died of a Heart Attack| first = Alexander | last = Smith| work = NBC News|date=2 March 2017 |accessdate= 2 March 2017}}</ref> Malaysian police immediately rejected the North Korean claims.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://m.bernama.com/index.php?lang=en&sid=newsdetail&news_id=1334366 |title=IGP Dismisses Claim That Kim Chol Died Of A Heart Attack |publisher=Bernama |date=2 March 2017 |accessdate=2 March 2017 |df= }}{{dead link|date=May 2017|bot=medic}}{{cbignore|bot=medic}}</ref> However, in a statement released by the [[Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia|Malaysian Foreign Ministry]], the country said it was already co-operating with OPCW.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.kln.gov.my/web/guest/press-release/-/asset_publisher/FCk0/content/press-release-:-the-use-of-a-chemical-weapon-in-the-death-of-a-dprk-national?redirect=%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Fpress-release |title=The use of a chemical weapon in the death of a DPRK national |publisher=Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia |date=3 March 2017 |accessdate=3 March 2017 |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170303044013/http://www.kln.gov.my/web/guest/press-release/-/asset_publisher/FCk0/content/press-release-%3A-the-use-of-a-chemical-weapon-in-the-death-of-a-dprk-national?redirect=%2Fweb%2Fguest%2Fpress-release |archivedate= 3 March 2017 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref><ref name="not immediately confirmed"/>
 + 
 +Malaysia announced that from 6 March they will cancel [[Visa policy of Malaysia|visa]]-free entry for North Koreans, citing "security issues".<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/02/kim-jong-nam-malaysia-scraps-visa-free-entry-for-north-koreans|title= Kim Jong-nam death: Malaysia scraps visa-free entry for North Koreans |work= Associated Press |publisher= The Guardian|date= 2 March 2017|accessdate=2 March 2017}}</ref> On 4 March, the North Korean ambassador Kang Chol was declared "''[[persona non grata]]''" and asked to leave within 48 hours,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thesundaily.my/node/431343|title= N. Korean ambassador given 48 hours to leave Malaysia| first =Ashwin | last = Kumar| work =The Sun|date= 4 March 2017 |accessdate= 4 March 2017}}</ref> with a similar move having been imposed by North Korea towards the Malaysian ambassador.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://time.com/4691634/north-korea-malaysia-kim-jong-nam/|title= North Korea Has Expelled Malaysia's Ambassador as Tensions Over Kim Jong Nam's Death Mount|work= Associated Press |publisher=Time|date= 6 March 2017|accessdate=7 March 2017}}</ref> The North Korean authorities also reacted on 7 March by barring all Malaysian citizens in North Korea from leaving.<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/03/07/pyongyang-malaysia-ban-report/|title= Pyongyang bans Malaysians from leaving N. Korea |work= Agence France-Presse |publisher= The Star|date=7 March 2017 |accessdate=7 March 2017}}</ref> Malaysian authorities imposed reciprocal measures, prohibiting North Korean citizens from leaving Malaysia.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.rt.com/news/379683-malaysia-spat-north-koreans/|title= Malaysia bans all N. Koreans from leaving country in tit-for-tat after Pyongyang’s ban|publisher=RT |date= 7 March 2017 |accessdate= 7 March 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 30 March, Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak said that all Malaysians in North Korea as well as North Koreans in Malaysia would be allowed to return to their home countries after the receipt of a letter from Kim's family requesting his remains be returned to North Korea.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.businesstimes.com.sg/government-economy/kim-body-to-be-sent-to-pyongyang-malaysians-freed-najib|title=Kim body to be sent to Pyongyang, Malaysians freed: Najib|work=Agence France-Presse|publisher=Business Times|date=30 March 2017|accessdate=31 March 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +===Further investigations===
 + 
 +The two female suspects had been in Malaysia for some time. Aisyah had travelled to Malaysia with some friends to celebrate her 25th birthday.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.cnn.com/2017/02/28/asia/kim-jong-nam-siti-aisyah-party/index.html|title=Indonesian suspect partied night before Kim Jong Nam murder|first=Sandi Sidhu and Ben Westcott|last=CNN|work=cnn.com|accessdate=4 March 2017}}</ref> While awaiting separate flights at [[Kuala Lumpur International Airport]], Hương and Aisyah claimed they were approached by several individuals who asked them to participate in a prank.<ref name="aljazeera">{{cite web|title=Malaysia to charge women with murder of Kim Jong-nam|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/malaysia-charge-women-murder-kim-jong-nam-170228065659451.html|website=Al Jazeera|accessdate=1 March 2017}}</ref> According to both suspects, they were told to spray people in the vicinity with baby oil, one target being Kim Jong-nam.<ref name="globe">{{cite web|url=http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/north-korean-diplomats-in-malaysia-seek-kim-jong-nams-body/article34157158/|title=Malaysia charges two women in death of Kim Jong-nam|author=Eileen Ng|work=Associated Press|publisher=The Globe and Mail|date=28 February 2017|accessdate=6 March 2017}}</ref> The pair were promised U$100, but, losing contact with their handlers, they never received the money.<ref name="scp">{{cite news|url=https://nytimes.com/2017/04/13/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-assassination-north-korea-malaysia.html|title=Lawyers for Women in Kim Jong-nam Case Say They Were Scapegoated|author1=Richard C. Paddock|author2=Choe Sang-hun|publisher=The New York Times|date=13 April 2017|accessdate=15 April 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +According to their lawyers, Hương was recruited in December 2016, while Aisyah was recruited in January 2017 by a Malaysian scout working for the North Koreans. The women were handled by separate teams of North Korean men, who posed as being from Japan and China, one of the recruiters being Ri Ji-u.<ref name="scp"/> Since their recruitment, Aisyah had performed the prank on at least 10 occasions. She was flown to [[Phnom Penh]] to perform the prank three times with an offer of U$200, while Hương performed it four times in locations including the airport terminals and Mandarin Oriental hotel in Kuala Lumpur.<ref name="scp"/>
 + 
 +On 19 February, Malaysian police named four more North Korean suspects.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-northkorea-malaysia-kim-police-idUSKBN15Y068|title=Malaysia searching for four more North Korean suspects in Kim Jong Nam death|author1=Joseph Sipalan|author2=Praveen Menon|author3=Michael Perry|publisher=Reuters|date=19 February 2017|accessdate=19 February 2017}}</ref> They were identified as Rhi Ji-hyon (aged 33), Hong Song-hac (34), O Jong-gil (55) and Ri Jae-nam (57), all of whom left Malaysia after the attack, and the Malaysian police requested help from [[Interpol]] and other relevant authorities in tracking them.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/02/19/jong-nam-murder-police-pc/|title=Kim Jong-nam murder: Suspects left country on day of killing|author1=Farik Zolkepli|author2=Jastin Ahmad Tarmizi|publisher=The Star|date=19 February 2017|accessdate=19 February 2017}}</ref> According to an unnamed source, the four suspects flew to [[Jakarta]], [[Dubai]] and [[Vladivostok]] before reaching [[Pyongyang]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/east-asia/4-north-korean-suspects-in-kim-jong-nam-murder-back-in-pyongyang-sources|title=4 North Korean suspects in Kim Jong Nam murder back in Pyongyang: Sources|work=The Star/Asia News Network|publisher=The Straits Times|date=20 February 2017|accessdate=20 February 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_northkorea/783334.html|title=Four North Korean suspects fled Malaysia immediately after Kim Jong-nam’s killing|author=Park Su-ji|publisher=The Hankyoreh|date=20 February 2017|accessdate=22 February 2017}}</ref> Three other male North Korean suspects were still in Malaysia: Ri Ji-u, who had lived in Malaysia for three years; Kim Uk-il, an employee in [[Air Koryo]]; Hyon Kwang-song, the [[second secretary]] at the North Korean embassy.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/21/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-killing-malaysia-north-korea.html|title=Senior North Korean Diplomat Is Sought in Death of Kim Jong-nam|author1=Richard C. Paddock|author2=Gerry Mullany|publisher=The New York Times|date=21 February 2017|accessdate=22 February 2017}}</ref><ref name="suspects">{{cite web|url=http://mobile.reuters.com/article/idUSKBN1610AM|title=Malaysia names North Korean diplomat wanted for questioning in murder case|author1=Rozanna Latiff|author2=Liz Lee|author3=Kanupriya Kapoor|author4=Praveen Menon|author5=Simon Cameron-Moore|publisher=Reuters|date=22 February 2017|accessdate=22 February 2017}}</ref> These suspects had taken refuge in the North Korean embassy.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Paddock|first1=Richard C.|title=North Korean Suspects in Killing of Kim Jong-nam Join Tradition of Holing Up in Embassies|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/03/01/world/asia/malaysia-kim-jong-nam-embassy-immunity.html|accessdate=1 March 2017|work=The New York Times|date=1 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2017/03/31/asia/kim-jong-nam-malaysia-north-koreans/|title=North Koreans hiding in Malaysian embassy return to Pyongyang|author1=Joshua Berlinger|author2=Salhan K. Ahmad|publisher=CNN|date=31 March 2017|accessdate=31 March 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 22 February, Malaysian police inspector-general [[Khalid Abu Bakar]] said that the killing was "a planned effort" and that the two women arrested had been trained to carry out the attack and had repeatedly rehearsed it together at [[Pavilion Kuala Lumpur]] and [[Kuala Lumpur City Centre]] (KLCC).<ref name="suspects"/> Khalid also said that the women apparently admitted that they knew they were handling poisonous substances,<ref name="suspects"/><ref name="sweep">{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/02/24/police-to-seek-help-from-atomic-agency-over-nerve-gas-traces-klia2/|title=Police to seek atomic agency help to 'sweep' KLIA2|author=M Kumar|publisher=The Star|date=24 February 2017|accessdate=24 February 2017}}</ref> That same day, an unnamed Malaysian man believed to be a chemist was picked up by police during a raid on a condominium where he then led police to another condominium where various chemicals were seized.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.straitstimes.com/asia/se-asia/malaysian-police-seize-chemicals-from-condominium-as-part-of-probe-on-kim-jong-nam|title=Malaysian police seize chemicals from condominium as part of probe on Kim Jong Nam murder|work=The Star/Asia News Network|publisher=The Straits Times|date=24 February 2017|accessdate=24 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 28 February, both women were charged with murder, which carries a [[Capital punishment in Malaysia|mandatory death sentence]].<ref name="globe"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/malaysia-charge-women-murder-kim-jong-nam-170228065659451.html|title=Malaysia to charge women for murder of Kim Jong-nam|publisher=Al Jazeera|date=28 February 2017|accessdate=28 February 2017}}</ref> A lawyer for Hương requested a second autopsy as he doubted Malaysian expertise, calling for experts from Japan and [[Iraq]] as well pathologists from North Korea itself to be involved.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://e.vnexpress.net/news/news/lawyer-for-vietnamese-suspect-in-kim-murder-calls-for-second-autopsy-3551655.html|title=Lawyer for Vietnamese suspect in Kim murder calls for second autopsy|work=Agence France-Presse|publisher=VnExpress|date=7 March 2017|accessdate=8 March 2017}}</ref> The Malaysian police responded by telling the lawyer to appeal to the [[High Courts (Malaysia)|high court]].<ref>{{cite AV media|url=http://english.astroawani.com/malaysia-videos/only-g-can-approve-second-autopsy-request-145887|title=Only A-G can approve second autopsy request|medium=video|time=02:09|publisher=Astro Awani|date=7 March 2017|accessdate=8 March 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 3 March, the only detained North Korean suspect, Ri Jong-chol, was released and deported due to lack of evidence.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.foxnews.com/world/2017/03/02/kim-jong-nam-murder-malaysia-to-release-deport-north-korean-suspect-due-to-lack-evidence.html|title=Kim Jong Nam murder: Malaysia to release, deport North Korean suspect due to lack of evidence|work=Associated Press|publisher=Fox News|date=2 March 2017|accessdate=2 March 2017}}</ref> While in transit through China, he told the media that the Malaysian police threatened to hurt his family if he did not confess his involvement in the murder and said his arrest was part of a "conspiracy".<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia-39162025|title=Kim Jong-nam death: North Korean says arrest was 'conspiracy'|publisher=BBC News|date=4 March 2017|accessdate=6 March 2017}}</ref><ref name="threat">{{cite web|url=http://www.thenewstribune.com/news/business/article136163458.html|title=Deported Korean says Malaysia threatened to harm his family|author=Eileen Ng|work=Associated Press|publisher=The News Tribune|date=3 March 2017|accessdate=4 March 2017}}</ref> Malaysian police strongly denied his allegation.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://malaysiandigest.com/news/661607-police-dismiss-north-korean-s-claim-of-conspiracy.html|title=Police Dismiss North Korean's Claim Of Conspiracy|work=Bernama|publisher=Malaysian Digest|date=5 March 2017|accessdate=6 March 2017}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2017/03/05/we-treated-jongchol-well-says-igp/|title=We treated Jong-chol well, says IGP|publisher=The Star|date=5 March 2017|accessdate=6 March 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +On 16 March, Interpol issued a [[red notice]] for the four North Korean suspects who had fled to Pyongyang.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://stv.tv/news/international/1383180-interpol-red-notice-on-kim-jong-nam-murder-suspects/|title=Interpol 'red notice' on Kim Jong-nam murder suspects|publisher=STV News|date=16 March 2017|accessdate=16 March 2017}}</ref> The three North Korean suspects, Ri Ji-u, Kim Uk-il and Hyon Kwang-song, who were holed up in the North Korean embassy in Malaysia were released on 30 March and allowed to return home after investigators interviewed them and cleared them of any wrongdoing.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.seattletimes.com/nation-world/2-north-korean-suspects-in-kim-jong-nam-killing-head-home/|title=Malaysia interviewed, cleared 3 N. Koreans before they left|author=Eileen Ng|work=Associated Press|publisher=The Seattle Times|date=31 March 2017|accessdate=31 March 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +===South Korean response===
 +Kim Myung-yeon, a spokesperson for [[Liberty Korea Party|South Korea's ruling party]], described the killing as a "naked example of Kim Jong-un's reign of terror".<ref>{{cite news|last1=Sang-hun|first1=Choe|title=Kim Jong-un's Half Brother Is Reported Assassinated in Malaysia|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/14/world/asia/kim-jong-un-brother-killed-malaysia.html|accessdate=14 February 2017|work=The New York Times|date=14 February 2017}}</ref>
 + 
 +The South Korean government accused the North Korean government of being the responsible party for conducting Kim Jong-nam's assassination, and drew a parallel with the [[Jang Song-thaek#Execution|execution]] of Kim Jong-un's own uncle and others.<ref name="NYT Feb 15">{{cite news|title=Kim Jong-nam, the Hunted Heir to a Dictator Who Met Death in Exile |first1=Sang-hun |last1=Choe |first2=Richard C. |last2=Paddock |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/15/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-assassination-north-korea.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=USA |date=15 February 2017 |accessdate=25 February 2017 |page= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170216053304/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/15/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-assassination-north-korea.html |archivedate=16 February 2017 |deadurl=no |quote=“there has been a standing order” to assassinate his half brother, Lee Byung-ho, the director of the South’s National Intelligence Service, said during a closed-door briefing at the National Assembly, according to lawmakers who attended it.“This is not a calculated action to remove Kim Jong-nam because he was a challenge to power per se, but rather reflected Kim Jong-un’s paranoia,” Mr. Lee was quoted as saying. Kim Jong-un wanted his half brother killed, Mr. Lee said, and there was an assassination attempt against him in 2012. Mr. Kim was so afraid of assassins that he begged for his life in a letter to his half brother in 2012. “Please withdraw the order to punish me and my family,” Mr. Kim was quoted as saying in the letter. “We have nowhere to hide. The only way to escape is to choose suicide.” (...) |df= }}</ref><ref name="NYT Feb 21-b">{{cite news|title=Kim Jong-nam Investigators Seek to Question North Korean Embassy Officer |first1=Richard C. |last1=Paddock |first2=Gerry |last2=Mullany |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/21/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-killing-malaysia-north-korea.html |newspaper=The New York Times |location=USA |date=21 February 2017 |accessdate=25 February 2017 |page= |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170222112514/https://www.nytimes.com/2017/02/21/world/asia/kim-jong-nam-killing-malaysia-north-korea.html |archivedate=22 February 2017 |deadurl=no |df= }}</ref> The government later held an emergency security council meeting in which they condemned the murder of Kim Jong-nam.<ref name="guardian" />
 + 
 +The acting [[President of South Korea]], [[Hwang Kyo-ahn]], said that if the murder of Kim Jong-nam was confirmed to be masterminded by [[North Korea]], that would clearly depict the brutality and inhumanity of the Kim Jong-un regime.<ref name="guardian">{{cite web|last1=Holmes|first1=Oliver|title=Kim Jong-nam was assassinated, say US and South Korean officials|url=https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/feb/15/kim-jong-nam-assassinated-south-korea-us-officials|publisher=[[The Guardian]]|accessdate=9 March 2017}}</ref>
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The assassination of Kim Jong-nam (Template:Korean) occurred on 13 February 2017 when two women attacked him with VX nerve agent, a lethal chemical weapon, at Kuala Lumpur International Airport in Malaysia. Kim is the eldest son of deceased North Korean dictator Kim Jong-il and the half-brother of current North Korean dictator Kim Jong-un. The assassination is under investigation but is widely believed to have been ordered or conducted with the approval of the North Korean government.

Contents

Death

Template:Infobox event

Attack at the airport

On 13 February 2017, Kim was attacked by two women<ref name= guardian_death>Template:Cite news</ref> with VX nerve agent at klia2, the low-cost carrier terminal at Kuala Lumpur International Airport,<ref name="independent">Template:Cite news</ref> Malaysia during his return trip to Macau. VX is a chemical weapon banned by the Chemical Weapons Convention of 1993, which North Korea has not ratified. North Korea is suspected to hold the world's third-biggest stockpile (after the United States and Russia, which are both signatories and are reportedly in the process of destroying their stockpiles).<ref name= "Borger">Julian Borger, North Korea's use of nerve agent in murder sends a deliberate signal to foes, The Guardian (24 February 2017).</ref><ref name="BBCNerveAgent">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="not immediately confirmed">{{

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Malaysian police said that Kim had alerted a receptionist, saying "someone had grabbed him from behind and splashed a liquid on his face" and that a woman "covered [Kim's] face with a cloth laced with a liquid".<ref name= "BBC News 2017">{{

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}}</ref> Kim died while being transferred from the airport to the Putrajaya Hospital.<ref name= guardian_death /><ref name="20minutedeath">Template:Cite news</ref><ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

As he was travelling under the pseudonym "Kim Chol", Malaysian officials did not immediately formally confirm that Kim Jong-nam was the man killed.<ref name="not immediately confirmed"/><ref name="BBC_15Feb_1">Template:Cite news</ref> Kim's extensive Facebook usage under this pseudonym since at least 2010, and usage of commercial email services for communications, may have made it easier for North Korean agents to seek his whereabouts and track his movements.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On 14 February Malaysian police arrested a 28-year-old Vietnamese woman named Đoàn Thị Hương at Kuala Lumpur International Airport in connection with the attack.<ref name= "BBC_15Feb_1" /> Hương was identified through CCTV footage.<ref name= "Holmes.15Feb" /> On 16 February, a 25-year-old Indonesian woman named Siti Aisyah was arrested and identified as the second female suspect.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> Aisyah's boyfriend, a 26-year-old Malaysian named Muhammad Farid Bin Jalaluddin, was also arrested to assist in the investigation.<ref name= NBC2017-02-16a>{{

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Hương told the police that she was instructed by four men who were travelling with them to spray Kim with an unidentified liquid while Aisyah held and covered his face with a handkerchief as part of a prank. She claimed that after she returned to look for the others, they had disappeared, and thus she decided to head back to the airport the next day.<ref name="Free Malaysia Today">{{

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On 17 February, police arrested a 46-year-old North Korean man named Ri Jong-chol.<ref name="4th suspect"/><ref>{{

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}}</ref> He was described as an IT worker living in Malaysia.<ref>{{

  1. if: {{#if: http://english.hani.co.kr/arti/english_edition/e_northkorea/783597.html | {{#if: One suspect in Kim Jong-nam’s killing was middleman buying commodities in Malaysia |1}}}}
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Autopsy

Meanwhile North Korean diplomats objected to any form of autopsy being conducted on Kim's body,<ref name= "Holmes.15Feb">Template:Cite news</ref> but the autopsy proceeded as they did not submit a formal protest.<ref name= NBC2017-02-16a /> A post-mortem on Kim was conducted on 15 February at the Kuala Lumpur Hospital mortuary in the presence of several North Korean officials,<ref name="star klmortuary">Template:Cite news</ref> and concluded the following day, formally confirming the identity of Kim's body.<ref name= NBC2017-02-16a />

Following Malaysia's refusal to release the body immediately, North Korea's ambassador Kang Chol accused Malaysia of collaborating with the country's enemies over the assassination of Kim Jong-nam.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> The ambassador said they would reject the outcome of the post-mortem conducted "on its citizen without permission" and perceived the decision as a "violation of human rights", and thus would lodge a complaint to the International Court of Justice (ICJ).<ref name= "4th suspect">{{

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}}</ref> The ambassador then responded that they cannot trust the investigation by Malaysian police, noting there had been no evidence of the cause of death even a week after the attack. He also proposed that North Korea and Malaysia should open a joint investigation together in order to prevent influence from South Korea which, he said, is trying to malign North Korea as the party responsible for the killing.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak responded to the ambassador that his country will be objective in the investigation and assured the North Korean side that they do not have reason to paint North Korea in a bad light while rejecting the request for joint investigation.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{

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}}</ref> On 22 February, Malaysian police said there was evidence of an attempted break-in at the mortuary where Kim's body was being held.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

On 24 February, Malaysia's police chief Khalid Abu Bakar announced that a post-mortem toxicology report had found traces of the nerve agent VX on Kim's face.<ref name= "BBCNerveAgent" /> According to experts, the use of VX gas may explain why two assailants were involved, because each assailant "could have wiped two or more precursors" in Kim's face.<ref name= "Borger"/> This is referred to as a binary chemical weapon.<ref name= "McCurry">{{

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}}</ref><ref>David Bradley, VX Nerve Agent in North Korean's Murder: How Does It Work?, Chemistry World, republished at Scientific American (24 February 2017).</ref> This method could ensure that the assailants were not themselves killed by the poison, which can be fatal in very small amounts; additionally, smuggling the chemical components into Malaysia separately could have helped avoid detection.<ref name= "Borger"/><ref name= "McCurry" /><ref name= "WMD">Richard C. Paddock, Choe Sang-hun & Nicholas Wade, In Kim Jong-nam’s Death, North Korea Lets Loose a Weapon of Mass Destruction, New York Times (24 February 2017).</ref> Aisyah reported she vomited in the taxi afterward and has continued to feel unwell.<ref name= 20minutedeath /> Chemical weapons experts Jean-Pascal Zanders and Richard Guthrie noted that the reported effects were not entirely consistent with the potency of VX – Jong-Nam was able to walk to the medical station without suffering spasms, paramedics were not affected, the assailants survived, and there were no other reports of injury even though the scene of the attack was not cleaned for over a week. VX degrades rapidly in storage and North Korea's supplies are believed to be several years old, which could explain the apparent weakness of the chemical.<ref name="NewSci">Template:Cite news</ref>

The North Korean government rejected all findings, accused the Malaysian police of "fabricating evidence" in collusion with South Korea and demanded the release of the three people being held in connection with the death.<ref>{{

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On 10 March, police completed the autopsy, confirming that the body belonged to Kim Jong-nam based from DNA provided by his son Kim Han-sol,<ref>{{

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}}</ref> and the body was handed to the Ministry of Health for further action.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> The Health Ministry said they would then give Kim's family two to three weeks to claim his body,<ref>{{

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}}</ref> with the body having been embalmed to preserve it during the period.<ref>{{

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On 28 February, the North Korean government dispatched a high level delegation to Malaysia.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> adding that the death was caused by a "heart attack" as Kim Jong-nam has a record of heart disease. The North Koreans stressed that if it was indeed caused by the chemical it should be proven by the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> Malaysian police immediately rejected the North Korean claims.<ref>{{

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}}Template:Dead linkTemplate:Cbignore</ref> However, in a statement released by the Malaysian Foreign Ministry, the country said it was already co-operating with OPCW.<ref>{{

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Malaysia announced that from 6 March they will cancel visa-free entry for North Koreans, citing "security issues".<ref>{{

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}}</ref> with a similar move having been imposed by North Korea towards the Malaysian ambassador.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> The North Korean authorities also reacted on 7 March by barring all Malaysian citizens in North Korea from leaving.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> Malaysian authorities imposed reciprocal measures, prohibiting North Korean citizens from leaving Malaysia.<ref>{{

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On 30 March, Malaysian Prime Minister Najib Razak said that all Malaysians in North Korea as well as North Koreans in Malaysia would be allowed to return to their home countries after the receipt of a letter from Kim's family requesting his remains be returned to North Korea.<ref>{{

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}}</ref>

Further investigations

The two female suspects had been in Malaysia for some time. Aisyah had travelled to Malaysia with some friends to celebrate her 25th birthday.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> While awaiting separate flights at Kuala Lumpur International Airport, Hương and Aisyah claimed they were approached by several individuals who asked them to participate in a prank.<ref name="aljazeera">{{

  1. if: {{#if: http://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/02/malaysia-charge-women-murder-kim-jong-nam-170228065659451.html | {{#if: Malaysia to charge women with murder of Kim Jong-nam |1}}}}
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}}</ref> According to both suspects, they were told to spray people in the vicinity with baby oil, one target being Kim Jong-nam.<ref name="globe">{{

  1. if: {{#if: http://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/world/north-korean-diplomats-in-malaysia-seek-kim-jong-nams-body/article34157158/ | {{#if: Malaysia charges two women in death of Kim Jong-nam |1}}}}
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}}</ref> The pair were promised U$100, but, losing contact with their handlers, they never received the money.<ref name="scp">Template:Cite news</ref>

According to their lawyers, Hương was recruited in December 2016, while Aisyah was recruited in January 2017 by a Malaysian scout working for the North Koreans. The women were handled by separate teams of North Korean men, who posed as being from Japan and China, one of the recruiters being Ri Ji-u.<ref name="scp"/> Since their recruitment, Aisyah had performed the prank on at least 10 occasions. She was flown to Phnom Penh to perform the prank three times with an offer of U$200, while Hương performed it four times in locations including the airport terminals and Mandarin Oriental hotel in Kuala Lumpur.<ref name="scp"/>

On 19 February, Malaysian police named four more North Korean suspects.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> They were identified as Rhi Ji-hyon (aged 33), Hong Song-hac (34), O Jong-gil (55) and Ri Jae-nam (57), all of whom left Malaysia after the attack, and the Malaysian police requested help from Interpol and other relevant authorities in tracking them.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> According to an unnamed source, the four suspects flew to Jakarta, Dubai and Vladivostok before reaching Pyongyang.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> Three other male North Korean suspects were still in Malaysia: Ri Ji-u, who had lived in Malaysia for three years; Kim Uk-il, an employee in Air Koryo; Hyon Kwang-song, the second secretary at the North Korean embassy.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> These suspects had taken refuge in the North Korean embassy.<ref>Template:Cite news</ref><ref>{{

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On 22 February, Malaysian police inspector-general Khalid Abu Bakar said that the killing was "a planned effort" and that the two women arrested had been trained to carry out the attack and had repeatedly rehearsed it together at Pavilion Kuala Lumpur and Kuala Lumpur City Centre (KLCC).<ref name="suspects"/> Khalid also said that the women apparently admitted that they knew they were handling poisonous substances,<ref name="suspects"/><ref name="sweep">{{

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}}</ref> That same day, an unnamed Malaysian man believed to be a chemist was picked up by police during a raid on a condominium where he then led police to another condominium where various chemicals were seized.<ref>{{

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On 28 February, both women were charged with murder, which carries a mandatory death sentence.<ref name="globe"/><ref>{{

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}}</ref> A lawyer for Hương requested a second autopsy as he doubted Malaysian expertise, calling for experts from Japan and Iraq as well pathologists from North Korea itself to be involved.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> The Malaysian police responded by telling the lawyer to appeal to the high court.<ref>Template:Cite AV media</ref>

On 3 March, the only detained North Korean suspect, Ri Jong-chol, was released and deported due to lack of evidence.<ref>{{

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On 16 March, Interpol issued a red notice for the four North Korean suspects who had fled to Pyongyang.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> The three North Korean suspects, Ri Ji-u, Kim Uk-il and Hyon Kwang-song, who were holed up in the North Korean embassy in Malaysia were released on 30 March and allowed to return home after investigators interviewed them and cleared them of any wrongdoing.<ref>{{

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South Korean response

Kim Myung-yeon, a spokesperson for South Korea's ruling party, described the killing as a "naked example of Kim Jong-un's reign of terror".<ref>Template:Cite news</ref>

The South Korean government accused the North Korean government of being the responsible party for conducting Kim Jong-nam's assassination, and drew a parallel with the execution of Kim Jong-un's own uncle and others.<ref name="NYT Feb 15">Template:Cite news</ref><ref name="NYT Feb 21-b">Template:Cite news</ref> The government later held an emergency security council meeting in which they condemned the murder of Kim Jong-nam.<ref name="guardian" />

The acting President of South Korea, Hwang Kyo-ahn, said that if the murder of Kim Jong-nam was confirmed to be masterminded by North Korea, that would clearly depict the brutality and inhumanity of the Kim Jong-un regime.<ref name="guardian">{{

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Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Assassination of Kim Jong-nam" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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