Kingdom of Italy
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
(Difference between revisions)
| Revision as of 22:08, 26 July 2018 Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff |
Current revision Jahsonic (Talk | contribs) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | The '''Kingdom of Italy''' ({{lang-it|Regno d'Italia}}) was a state which existed from 1861—when [[King Victor Emmanuel II]] of Sardinia was proclaimed [[King of Italy]]—until 1946—when a [[Italian institutional referendum, 1946|constitutional referendum]] led civil discontent to abandon the monarchy and form the modern [[Italy|Italian Republic]]. The state was founded as a result of the [[Italian unification|unification of Italy]] under the influence of the [[Kingdom of Sardinia]], which can be considered its legal predecessor state. | + | The '''Kingdom of Italy''' was a state which existed from 1861 until 1946 when civil discontent [[abolished the monarchy]] and form the modern [[Italy|Italian Republic]]. |
| - | + | ||
| - | Italy declared war on [[Austrian Empire|Austria]] in alliance with [[Kingdom of Prussia|Prussia]] in 1866 and received the region of [[Veneto]] following their victory. Italian troops entered [[Rome]] in 1870, thereby ending [[Papal States|more than one thousand years of Papal temporal power]]. Italy entered into a [[Triple Alliance (1882)|Triple Alliance]] with [[German Empire|Germany]] and [[Austria-Hungary]] in 1882, following strong disagreements with [[French Third Republic|France]] about the respective colonial expansions. However, even if relations with [[Berlin]] became very friendly, the alliance with [[Vienna]] remained purely formal as the Italians were keen to acquire [[Trentino]] and [[Trieste]], corners of Austria-Hungary populated by Italians. So in 1915, Italy accepted the British invitation to join the [[Allies of World War I|Allied Powers]], as the western powers promised territorial compensation (at the expense of Austria-Hungary) for participation that was more generous than Vienna's offer in exchange for Italian neutrality. Victory in the war gave Italy a permanent seat in the Council of the [[League of Nations]]. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | "Fascist Italy" is the era of [[National Fascist Party]] government from 1922 to 1943 with [[Benito Mussolini]] as head of government. The fascists imposed totalitarian rule and crushed the political and intellectual opposition, while promoting economic modernization, traditional social values and a [[rapprochement]] with the Roman Catholic Church. According to Payne (1996), "[the] Fascist government passed through several relatively distinct phases". The first phase (1923–1925) was nominally a continuation of the parliamentary system, albeit with a "legally-organized executive dictatorship". Then came the second phase, "the construction of the Fascist dictatorship proper, from 1925 to 1929". The third phase, with less activism, was 1929 to 1934. The fourth phase, 1935–1940, was characterized by an aggressive foreign policy: war against Ethiopia, which was launched from [[Italian Eritrea|Eritrea]] and [[Italian Somaliland]]; confrontations with the [[League of Nations]], leading to sanctions; growing economic [[autarky]]; and the signing of the [[Pact of Steel]]. The war itself (1940–1943) was the fifth phase with its disasters and defeats, while the rump [[Salò]] [[Italian Social Republic|Government]] under German control was the final stage (1943–1945). | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | Italy was an important member of the [[Axis powers]] in [[World War II]], until it switched sides to the [[Allies of World War II|Allies]] in September 1943 after ousting Mussolini and shutting down the Fascist Party in areas (south of Rome) controlled by the Allied invaders. The remnant fascist state in northern Italy that continued fighting against the Allies was a puppet state of Germany, the [[Italian Social Republic]], still led by Mussolini and his Fascist loyalists. Shortly after the war, civil discontent led to the [[Italian constitutional referendum, 1946|constitutional referendum of 1946]] on whether Italy would remain a monarchy or become a republic. Italians decided to abandon the monarchy and form the [[Italy|Italian Republic]], the present-day Italian state. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
| * [[25 Luglio]] | * [[25 Luglio]] | ||
Current revision
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
The Kingdom of Italy was a state which existed from 1861 until 1946 when civil discontent abolished the monarchy and form the modern Italian Republic.
[edit]
See also
- 25 Luglio
- Birth of the Italian Republic
- History of the Kingdom of Italy (1861–1946)
- Italian Fascism
- Italian unification
- King of Italy
- List of Prime Ministers of Italy
- Military history of Italy during World War II
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Kingdom of Italy" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
