LGBT themes in Greek and Roman mythology
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
"If man loves boys, God loves boys also. Homer and Hesiod forgot to tell us about Ganymede and Hyacinth and Hylas. Let these lads be added to the list of Danaë and Semele and Io. Homer told us that, because Ganymede was beautiful, Zeus made him the serving-boy of the immortals." --A Problem in Greek Ethics (1883) by John Addington Symonds "Yet would to God that I understood so noble an art as you allude to; they say that Jove used it with Ganymede in paradise, and here upon this earth it is practised by some of the greatest emperors and kings."--The Life of Benvenuto Cellini (1896) by Benvenuto Cellini |
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Greco-Roman mythology feature male same-sex love in many of the constituent myths. These myths have been described as being crucially influential on Western LGBT literature, with the original myths being constantly re-published and re-written, and the relationships and characters serving as icons. In comparison, lesbianism is rarely found in classical myths.
The patron god of hermaphrodites and transvestites is Dionysus, a god gestated in the thigh of his father Zeus, after his mother died from being overwhelmed by Zeus's true form. Other gods are sometimes considered patrons of homosexual love between males, such as the love goddess Aphrodite and gods in her retinue, such as the Erotes: Eros, Himeros and Pothos. Eros is also part of a trinity of gods that played roles in homoerotic relationships, along with Heracles and Hermes, who bestowed qualities of Beauty (and Loyalty), strength, and eloquence, respectively, onto male lovers. In the poetry of Sappho, Aphrodite is identified as the patron of lesbians.
- Achilles and Patroclus
- Achilles and Troilus
- Ameinias and Narcissus
- Apollo and Hyacinth
- Apollo and Hymenaios
- Chrysippus and Laius
- Daphnis and Pan
- Dionysus and Ampelus
- Dionysus and Prosymnus
- Euryalus and Nisus
- Heracles and Abderus
- Heracles and Hylas
- Heracles and Iolaus
- Ianthe and Iphis
- Poseidon and Pelops
- Polyeidos and Glaucus
- Orpheus and the Thracians
- Orpheus and Kalais
- Silvanus and Cyparissus
- Zeus (Artemis) and Callisto
- Zeus and Ganymede
See also
- LGBT themes in mythology
- LGBT themes in speculative fiction
- LGBT literature
- LGBT history
- Same-sex relationships in Ancient Greece
- Same-sex relationships in Ancient Rome
- Religion and homosexuality
- Religion and transgenderism