Medical sign
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| - | :''[[Insomnia (disambiguation)]]'' | + | A '''medical sign''' is an [[Objectivity (science)|objective]] indication of some medical fact or characteristic that may be detected by a [[physician]] during a [[physical examination]] or by a clinical scientist by means of an [[in vivo]] examination of a [[patient]]. |
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| - | '''Insomnia''', or '''sleeplessness''', is a [[sleep disorder]] in which there is an inability to fall [[asleep]] or to stay asleep as long as desired. While the term is sometimes used to describe a [[sleep disorder|disorder]] demonstrated by [[polysomnography|polysomnographic]] evidence of disturbed sleep, this sleep disorder is often practically defined as a positive response to either of two questions: "Do you experience difficulty sleeping?" or "Do you have difficulty falling or staying asleep?" | + | |
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| - | Insomnia is most often thought of as both a [[medical sign]] and a [[symptom]] that can accompany several sleep, medical, and psychiatric disorders characterized by a persistent difficulty falling asleep and/or staying asleep or sleep of poor quality. Insomnia is typically followed by functional impairment while awake. Insomnia can occur at any age, but it is particularly common in the elderly. Insomnia can be short term (up to three weeks) or long term (above 3–4 weeks), which can lead to memory problems, [[Depression (mood)|depression]], irritability and an increased risk of [[heart disease]] and automobile related accidents. | + | |
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| - | Those who are having trouble sleeping sometimes turn to [[sleeping pill]]s, which can help when used occasionally but may lead to [[substance dependence]] or [[addiction]] if used regularly for an extended period. | + | |
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| - | Insomnia can be grouped into primary and secondary, or [[Comorbidity|comorbid]], insomnia. Primary insomnia is a [[sleep disorder]] not attributable to a medical, psychiatric, or environmental cause. It is described as a complaint of prolonged sleep onset latency, disturbance of sleep maintenance, or the experience of non-refreshing sleep. A complete diagnosis will differentiate between free-standing primary insomnia, insomnia as secondary to another condition, and primary insomnia co-morbid with one or more conditions. | + | |
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| - | *[[Al Herpin]], American insomniac, known as the "Man Who Never Slept" | + | * [[Symptom]] |
| - | *[[Actigraphy]] | + | * [[Stethoscope]] |
| - | *[[Fatal familial insomnia]] | + | * [[Radiologic sign]] |
| - | *[[Hypnophobia]] | + | * [[neurological sign]] |
| - | *[[Sleep deprivation]] | + | |
| - | *[[Thai Ngoc]], Vietnamese insomniac, claimed to be awake for 33 years | + | |
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A medical sign is an objective indication of some medical fact or characteristic that may be detected by a physician during a physical examination or by a clinical scientist by means of an in vivo examination of a patient.
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