International Exhibition of Modern Architecture
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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The International Style (1932) is the title of an exhibition and book by Henry-Russell Hitchcock and Philip Johnson which identified, categorized and expanded upon characteristics common to Modernist architecture across the world and its stylistic aspects. The authors identified three principles: the expression of volume rather than mass, the emphasis on balance rather than preconceived symmetry, and the expulsion of applied ornament. The aim of Hitchcock and Johnson was to define a style that would encapsulate this modern architecture, doing this by the inclusion of specific architects.
The book was written to record the International Exhibition of Modern Architecture held at the Museum of Modern Art in New York City in 1932. All the works in the exhibition were carefully selected, only displaying those that strictly followed these rules.
Important buildings in the exhibition included:
- Alvar Aalto: Turun Sanomat building, Turku, Finland 1930
- Le Corbusier & Pierre Jeanneret: Stein house, Garches, Near St. Cloud 1928
- Le Corbusier & Pierre Jeanneret: Villa Savoye, Poissy-Sur-Seine 1930
- Le Corbusier & Pierre Jeanneret: De Beistegui Pent House, Champs-Élysées, Paris 1931
- Otto Eisler: Double House, Brno, Czechoslovakia 1926
- Walter Gropius: Bauhaus School, Dessau, Germany 1926
- Walter Gropius: City Employment Office, Dessau, Germany 1928
- Erich Mendelsohn: Schocken Department Store, Chemnitz, Germany 1928-1930
- Mies Van Der Rohe: Apartment House, Weissenhof Siedlung, Stuttgart 1927
- Mies Van Der Rohe: German pavilion at the Barcelona Exposition, Spain 1929
- Mies Van Der Rohe: Tugendhat House, Brno, Czechoslovakia 1930
- Jacobus Oud: Workers Houses,(Seidlung, Kiefhoek), Hook of Holland 1924-1927
- Karl Schneider: Kunstverein, Humburg, Germany 1930