National Book Award for Nonfiction  

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The '''National Book Award for Nonfiction''' is one of four annual [[National Book Award]]s, which are given by the [[National Book Foundation]] to recognize outstanding literary work by U.S. citizens. They are awards "by writers to writers". The '''National Book Award for Nonfiction''' is one of four annual [[National Book Award]]s, which are given by the [[National Book Foundation]] to recognize outstanding literary work by U.S. citizens. They are awards "by writers to writers".
- 
-==Current rendition== 
-The longlist for 2014 will be announced in September 2014. 
- 
-==Finalists== 
- 
-===Nonfiction, date to 1984=== 
- 
-The winner is listed first followed by the four other finalists (from 1987) or other runners up.<ref group=lower-alpha name=moredata/> 
- 
-'''2013''':<ref name=final2013>[http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/awards-and-prizes/article/59564-national-book-award-finalists-announced.html "2013 National Book Award Finalists Announced"]. ''[[Publishers Weekly]]''. Retrieved 2013-10-21.</ref><ref name=nba2013>[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba2013.html#.UmViA6xXHw8 "2013 National Book Awards"]. NBF. Retrieved 2013-10-21.</ref> '''[[George Packer]]''', '''''The Unwinding: An Inner History of the New America''''' <ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/awards-and-prizes/article/60089-2013-national-book-awards-go-to-mcbride-packer-szybist-kadohata.html |title=2013 National Book Awards Go to McBride, Packer, Szybist, Kadohata |work=Publishers Weekly |author=Clare Swanson |date=November 20, 2013 |accessdate=December 3, 2013}}</ref> 
-*[[Jill Lepore]], ''Book of Ages: The Life and Opinions of Jane Franklin''  
-*[[Wendy Lower]], ''Hitler’s Furies: German Women in the Nazi Killing Fields''  
-*[[Alan Taylor (historian)|Alan Taylor]], ''The Internal Enemy: Slavery and War in Virginia, 1772-1832''  
-*[[Lawrence Wright]], ''[[Going Clear: Scientology, Hollywood, and the Prison of Belief]]'' 
- 
-'''2012''':<ref name=nba2010s/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://reviews.libraryjournal.com/2012/10/in-the-bookroom/national-book-award-finalists-announced-today/ |title=National Book Award Finalists Announced Today |work=[[Library Journal]] |author= |date=October 10, 2012 |accessdate=2012-11-15 }}</ref> '''[[Katherine Boo]], ''[[Behind the Beautiful Forevers: Life, Death, and Hope in a Mumbai Undercity]]'''''<ref>{{cite web |author= |title=2012 National Book Awards Go to Erdrich, Boo, Ferry, Alexander |url=http://www.publishersweekly.com/pw/by-topic/industry-news/awards-and-prizes/article/54764-2012-national-book-awards-go-to-erdrich-boo-perry-alexander.html |work=[[Publishers Weekly]] |accessdate=2012-11-15 }}</ref><ref name=nyt2012>{{cite web |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/15/us/louise-erdrichs-novel-the-round-house-wins-national-book-award.html |title=Novel About Racial Injustice Wins National Book Award |work=[[New York Times]] |author=Leslie Kaufman |date=November 14, 2012 |accessdate=2012-11-15 }}</ref> 
-*[[Anne Applebaum]], ''Iron Curtain: The Crushing of Eastern Europe, 1945–1956'' 
-*[[Robert A. Caro]], ''[[The Years of Lyndon Johnson|The Passage of Power: The Years of Lyndon Johnson]]'' 
-*[[Domingo Martinez (author)|Domingo Martinez]], ''The Boy Kings of Texas'' 
-*[[Anthony Shadid]], ''[[House of Stone: A Memoir of Home, Family, and a Lost Middle East]]'' 
- 
-'''2011''':<ref name=nba2010s/> '''[[Stephen Greenblatt]], ''[[The Swerve: How the World Became Modern]]''''' 
-*[[Deborah Baker]], ''The Convert: A Tale of Exile and Extremism'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Maryam Jameelah]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Mary Gabriel (writer)|Mary Gabriel]], ''Love and Capital: Karl and Jenny Marx and the Birth of a Revolution'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Karl Marx]] and [[Jenny von Westphalen]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Manning Marable]], ''[[Malcolm X: A Life of Reinvention]]'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Malcolm X]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Lauren Redniss]], ''Radioactive: Marie & Pierre Curie, A Tale of Love & Fallout'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Marie Curie|Marie]] & [[Pierre Curie]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''2010''':<ref name=nba2010s> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba2010.html "National Book Awards – 2010"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-01-24. (Select 2010 or a later year from the top left menu.)</ref> '''[[Patti Smith]], ''[[Just Kids]]''''' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small> 
-*[[Barbara Demick]], ''[[Nothing to Envy|Nothing to Envy: Ordinary Lives in North Korea]]'' 
-*[[John W. Dower]], ''Cultures of War: Pearl Harbor, Hiroshima, 9-11, Iraq'' 
-*[[Justin Spring (writer)|Justin Spring]], ''Secret Historian: The Life and Times of Samuel Steward, Professor, Tattoo Artist, and Sexual Renegade'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Phil Andros|Samuel Steward]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Megan K. Stack]], ''Every Man in This Village Is a Liar: An Education in War'' 
- 
-'''2009''':<ref name=nba2000s> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba2000.html "National Book Awards – 2000"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-01-24. (Select 2000 to 2009 from the top left menu.)</ref> '''[[T.J. Stiles]], ''The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt''''' <small><sup>[bio: [[Cornelius Vanderbilt]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[David Carroll (naturalist)|David M. Carroll]], ''Following the Water: A Hydromancer's Notebook'' 
-*[[Sean B. Carroll]], ''Remarkable Creatures: Epic Adventures in the Search for the Origins of Species'' 
-*[[Greg Grandin]], ''Fordlândia: The Rise and Fall of Henry Ford's Forgotten Jungle City'' <small><sup>[about: [[Fordlândia]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Adrienne Mayor]], ''The Poison King: The Life and Legend of Mithradates, Rome's Deadliest Enemy'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Mithridates VI of Pontus|Mithradates]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''2008''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Annette Gordon-Reed]], ''[[The Hemingses of Monticello: An American Family]]''''' 
-*[[Drew Gilpin Faust]], ''This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War'' 
-*[[Jane Mayer]], ''[[The Dark Side (book)|The Dark Side: The Inside Story of How the War on Terror Turned into a War on American Ideals]]'' 
-*[[Jim Sheeler]], ''Final Salute: A Story of Unfinished Lives'' 
-*[[Joan Wickersham]], ''The Suicide Index: Putting My Father’s Death in Order'' 
- 
-'''2007''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Tim Weiner]], ''[[Legacy of Ashes: The History of the CIA]]''''' 
-*[[Edwidge Danticat]], ''Brother, I'm Dying'' 
-*[[Christopher Hitchens]], ''[[God Is Not Great|God Is Not Great: How Religion Poisons Everything]]'' 
-*[[Woody Holton]], ''Unruly Americans and the Origins of the Constitution'' 
-*[[Arnold Rampersad]], ''Ralph Ellison: A Biography'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Ralph Ellison]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''2006''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Timothy Egan]], ''[[The Worst Hard Time|The Worst Hard Time: The Untold Story of Those Who Survived the Great American Dust Bowl]]'' 
-*[[Taylor Branch]], ''[[At Canaan's Edge: America in the King Years, 1965-68]]'' 
-*[[Rajiv Chandrasekaran]], ''[[Imperial Life in the Emerald City|Imperial Life in the Emerald City: Inside Iraq’s Green Zone]]'' 
-*[[Peter Hessler]], ''Oracle Bones: A Journey Between China's Past and Present'' 
-*[[Lawrence Wright]], ''[[The Looming Tower|The Looming Tower: Al-Qaeda and the Road to 9/11]]'' 
- 
-'''2005''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Joan Didion]], ''[[The Year of Magical Thinking]]''<small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small> 
- 
-*[[Alan Burdick]], ''Out of Eden: An Odyssey of Ecological Invasion''  
-*[[Leo Damrosch]], ''Jean-Jacques Rousseau: Restless Genius'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Jim Dwyer (journalist)|Jim Dwyer]] and [[Kevin Flynn (journalist)|Kevin Flynn]], ''[[102 Minutes: The Untold Story of the Fight to Survive Inside the Twin Towers]]'' 
-*[[Adam Hochschild]], ''Bury the Chains: Prophets and Rebels in the Fight to Free an Empire’s Slaves'' 
- 
-'''2004''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Kevin Boyle (historian)|Kevin Boyle]], ''Arc of Justice: A Saga of Race, Civil Rights, and Murder in the Jazz Age'' 
-*[[David Hackett Fischer]], ''[[Washington's Crossing (book)|Washington's Crossing]]'' 
-*[[Jennifer Gonnerman]], ''Life on the Outside: The Prison Odyssey of Elaine Bartlett'' 
-*[[Stephen Greenblatt]], ''Will in the World: How Shakespeare Became Shakespeare''  
-*[[The 9/11 Commission]], ''[[The 9/11 Commission|The 9/11 Commission Report: Final Report of the National Commission on Terrorist Attacks upon the United States- Authorized Edition]]'' 
- 
-'''2003''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Carlos Eire]], ''[[Waiting for Snow in Havana|Waiting for Snow in Havana: Confessions of a Cuban Boy]]'' 
-*[[Anne Applebaum]], ''[[Gulag: A History]]'' 
-*[[George Howe Colt]], ''The Big House: A Century in the Life of an American Summer Home'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small> 
-*[[John D'Emilio]], ''Lost Prophet: The Life and Times of Bayard Rustin'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Bayard Rustin]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Erik Larson (author)|Erik Larson]], ''[[The Devil in the White City: Murder, Magic, and Madness at the Fair that Changed America]]'' 
- 
-'''2002''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Robert A. Caro]], ''[[Master of the Senate: The Years of Lyndon Johnson]]'''''<small><sup>[bio: [[Lyndon Johnson]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Devra Davis]], ''When Smoke Ran Like Water: Tales of Environmental Deception and the Battle Against Pollution'' <small><sup>[about: [[Donora Smog of 1948]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Atul Gawande]], ''Complications: A Surgeon’s Notes on an Imperfect Science'' 
-*[[Elizabeth Gilbert]], ''The Last American Man''  
-*[[Steve Olson (writer)|Steve Olson]], ''Mapping Human History: Discovering the Past through Our Genes'' 
- 
-'''2001''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Andrew Solomon]], ''[[The Noonday Demon: An Atlas of Depression]]'' 
-*[[Marie Arana]], ''American Chica: Two Worlds, One Childhood'' 
-*[[Nina Bernstein]], ''The Lost Children of Wilder: The Epic Struggle to Change Foster Care'' 
-*[[David James Duncan]], ''My Story as Told by Water'' 
-*[[Jan T. Gross]], ''[[Neighbors: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, Poland]]'' 
- 
-'''2000''':<ref name=nba2000s/> '''[[Nathaniel Philbrick]], ''[[In the Heart of the Sea: The Tragedy of the Whaleship Essex]]'' 
-*[[Jacques Barzun]], ''From Dawn to Decadence: 500 Years of Western Cultural Life, 1500 to the Present''  
-*[[Alice Kaplan]], ''The Collaborator: The Trial and Execution of Robert Brasillach'' <small><sup>[about: [[Robert Brasillach]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[David Levering Lewis]], ''W.E.B. Du Bois: The Fight for Equality and the American Century, 1919–1963'' <small><sup>[bio: [[W.E.B. Du Bois]], vol.2]</sup></small> 
-*[[Patrick Tierney (journalist)|Patrick Tierney]], ''Darkness in El Dorado: How Scientists and Journalists Devastated the Amazon'' 
-:*Patrick Tierney's book was later determined to be deliberately fraudulent.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.anth.ucsb.edu/ucsbpreliminaryreport.pdf|title=Preliminary report: The major allegations against Napoleon Chagnon and James Neel presented in ''Darkness in El Dorado'' by Patrick Tierney appear to be deliberately fraudulent.}}</ref><ref>[http://www.aaanet.org/stmts/05ref_eldorado.htm AAA Rescinds Acceptance of the El Dorado Report]</ref> 
-'''1999''':<ref name=nba1990s> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1990.html "National Book Awards – 1990"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 1990 to 1999 from the top left menu.)</ref> '''[[John W. Dower]], ''[[Embracing Defeat: Japan in the Wake of World War II]]'' 
-*[[Natalie Angier]], ''Woman: An Intimate Geography'' 
-*[[Mark Bowden]], ''[[Black Hawk Down (book)|Black Hawk Down: A Story of Modern War]]'' 
-*[[John Phillip Santos]], ''Places Left Unfinished at the Time of Creation'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small> 
-*[[Judith Thurman]], ''Secrets of the Flesh: A Life of Colette'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Colette]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''1998''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Edward Ball (American author)|Edward Ball]], ''Slaves in the Family'' 
-*[[Harold Bloom]], ''Shakespeare: The Invention of the Human'' 
-*[[Yaffa Eliach]], ''There Once Was a World: A 900-Year Chronicle of the Shtetl of Eishyshok'' <small><sup>[about: [[Eišiškės#Jewish history|Jewish Eishyshok]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Beth Kephart]], ''A Slant of Sun: One Child's Courage'' 
-*[[Henry Mayer]], ''All on Fire: William Lloyd Garrison and the Abolition of Slavery'' <small><sup>[about: [[William Lloyd Garrison]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''1997''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Joseph J. Ellis]], ''[[American Sphinx: The Character of Thomas Jefferson]]'' 
-*[[David I. Kertzer]], ''The Kidnapping of Edgardo Mortara'' <small><sup>[about: [[Edgardo Mortara]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Jamaica Kincaid]], ''My Brother'' 
-*[[Thomas Lynch (writer)|Thomas Lynch]], ''The Undertaking: Life Studies from the Dismal Trade'' <small><sup>[about: [[Funeral director]]s]</sup></small> 
-*[[Sam Tanenhaus]], ''Whittaker Chambers: A Biography'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Whittaker Chambers]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''1996''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[James Carroll (novelist)|James P. Carroll]], ''An American Requiem: God, My Father, and the War that Came Between Us'' 
-*[[Melissa Fay Greene]], ''The Temple Bombing'' 
-*[[Paul Hendrickson]], ''The Living and the Dead: Robert McNamara and Five Lives of a Lost War'' <small><sup>[about: [[Robert McNamara]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Cary Reich]], ''The Life of Nelson A. Rockefeller: Worlds to Conquer, 1908–1958'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Nelson Rockefeller]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Anne Roiphe]], ''Fruitful: A Real Mother in the Modern World'' 
- 
-'''1995''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Tina Rosenberg]], ''[[The Haunted Land: Facing Europe's Ghosts After Communism]]'' 
-*[[Dennis Covington]], ''[[Salvation on Sand Mountain|Salvation on Sand Mountain: Snake Handling and Redemption in Southern Appalachia]]'' 
-*[[Daniel C. Dennett]], ''[[Darwin's Dangerous Idea|Darwin's Dangerous Idea: Evolution and the Meaning of Life]]'' 
-*[[Jonathan Harr]], ''[[A Civil Action]]'' <small><sup>[about: [[Anderson v. Cryovac]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Maryanne Vollers]], ''[[Ghosts of Mississippi]]'' 
- 
-'''1994''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Sherwin B. Nuland]], ''How We Die: Reflections on Life's Final Chapter'' 
-*[[John Demos]], ''The Unredeemed Captive: A Family Story from Early America'' 
-*[[Jane Mayer]] and [[Jill Abramson]], ''Strange Justice: The Selling of Clarence Thomas'' <small><sup>[about: [[Clarence Thomas]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[John Edgar Wideman]], ''Fatheralong: A Meditation on Fathers, Sons, Race and Society'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small> 
-*[[Tobias Wolff]], ''In Pharoah's Army: Memories of the Lost War'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''1993''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Gore Vidal]], ''United States: Essays 1952–1992'' 
-*[[William Leach needs disambiguation|William Leach]], ''Land of Desire: Merchants, Power, and the Rise of a New American Culture'' 
-*[[David Levering Lewis]], ''W.E.B. Du Bois: Biography of a Race, 1868–1919'' <small><sup>[bio: [[W.E.B. Du Bois]], vol.1]</sup></small> 
-*[[Richard Slotkin]], ''Gunfighter Nation: The Myth of the Frontier in Twentieth-Century America'' 
-*[[Peter Svenson]], ''Battlefield: Farming a Civil War Battleground'' 
- 
-'''1992''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Paul Monette]], ''Becoming a Man: Half a Life Story'' 
-*[[Edward L. Ayers]], ''The Promise of the New South'' 
-*[[James Gleick]], ''Genius: The Life and Science of Richard Feynman'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Richard Feynman]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[David McCullough]], ''[[Truman (book)|Truman]]'' 
-*[[Garry Wills]], ''[[Lincoln at Gettysburg: The Words That Remade America]]'' 
- 
-'''1991''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Orlando Patterson]], ''Freedom, Vol. 1: Freedom in the Making of Western Culture'' 
-*[[E.J. Dionne, Jr.]], ''Why Americans Hate Politics'' 
-*[[Melissa Fay Greene]], ''Praying for Sheetrock'' 
-*[[R.W.B. Lewis]], ''The Jameses: A Family Narrative'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Henry James]] and [[William James]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Diane Wood Middlebrook]], ''Anne Sexton: A Biography'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Anne Sexton]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''1990''':<ref name=nba1990s/> '''[[Ron Chernow]], ''[[The House of Morgan|The House of Morgan: An American Banking Dynasty and the Rise of Modern Finance]]'' 
-*[[Samuel G. Freedman]], ''Small Victories: The Real World of a Teacher, Her Students and Their High School'' 
-*[[Roger Morris (American writer)|Roger Morris]], ''Richard Milhous Nixon: The Rise of an American Politician'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Richard Nixon]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Steven Naifeh]] and [[Gregory White Smith]], ''[[Jackson Pollock: An American Saga]]'' 
-*[[T.H. Watkins]], ''Righteous Pilgrim: The Life and Times of Harold L. Ickes, 1847–1952'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Harold L. Ickes]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''1989''':<ref name=nba1980s> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1980.html "National Book Awards – 1980"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-01. (Select 1980 to 1989 from the top left menu.)</ref> '''[[Thomas L. Friedman]], ''[[From Beirut to Jerusalem]]'' 
-*[[Taylor Branch]], ''[[America in the King Years|Parting the Waters: America in the King Years, 1954–63]]'' 
-*[[McGeorge Bundy]], ''Danger and Survival: Choices about the Bomb in the First Fifty Years'' 
-*[[William Pfaff]], ''Barbarian Sentiments: How the American Century Ends'' 
-*[[Marilynne Robinson]], ''Mother Country: Britain, the Welfare State and Nuclear Pollution'' 
- 
-'''1988''':<ref name=nba1980s/> '''[[Neil Sheehan]], ''[[A Bright Shining Lie: John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam]]'' 
-*[[Eric Foner]], ''Reconstruction: America's Unfinished Revolution, 1863–1877'' 
-*[[Peter Gay]], ''Freud: A Life for Our Time'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Sigmund Freud]]]</sup></small><ref group=lower-alpha> 
-The National Book Foundation lists Peter Gay, ''The Enlightenment: An Interpretation''. Gay won the 1967 Award in History and Biography for the first volume of that work, subtitled ''The Rise of Modern Paganism''. The second and third volumes were published in 1969 (''The Science of Freedom'') and 1973 (''A Comprehensive Anthology''). 
-<br>• [http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1967.html "National Book Awards – 1967"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-02. 
-<br>• [http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1988.html "National Book Awards – 1988"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-04-02. 
-<br>• [[The Enlightenment]]; [[Peter Gay]]</ref> 
-*[[Brenda Maddox]], ''Nora: The Real Life of Molly Bloom'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Molly Bloom]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Jack McLaughlin]], ''Jefferson and Monticello: The Biography of a Builder'' <small><sup>[about: [[Thomas Jefferson]] and [[Monticello]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-'''1987''':<ref name=nba1980s/> '''[[Richard Rhodes]], ''[[The Making of the Atomic Bomb]]'' 
-*[[David Herbert Donald]], ''Look Homeward: The Life of Thomas Wolfe'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Thomas Wolfe]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[James Gleick]], ''[[Chaos: Making a New Science]]'' 
-*[[Claudia Koonz]], ''Mothers in the Fatherland'' 
-*[[Robert A.M. Stern]], [[Gregory Gilmartin]], and [[Thomas Mellins]], ''New York 1930: Architecture and Urbanism Between the Two World Wars'' 
- 
-'''1986''':<ref name=nba1980s/> '''[[Barry Lopez]], ''Arctic Dreams: Imagination and Desire in a Northern Landscape'' 
-*[[John W. Dower]], ''War Without Mercy: Race and Power in the Pacific War'' 
-*[[Richard Kluger]], ''The Paper: The Life and Times of the New York Herald Tribune'' <small><sup>[about: ''[[New York Herald Tribune]]'']</sup></small> 
-*[[Michael S. Reynolds]], ''The Young Hemingway'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Ernest Hemingway]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Theodore Rosengarten]], ''Tombee: Portrait of a Cotton Planter'' 
- 
-'''1985''':<ref name=nba1980s/> '''[[J. Anthony Lukas]], ''[[Common Ground: A Turbulent Decade in the Lives of Three American Families]]'' 
-*[[Daniel J. Kevles]], ''In the Name of Eugenics: Genetics and the Use of Human Heredity'' 
-*[[Walter A. McDougall]], ''The Heavens and the Earth: A Political History of the Space Age'' 
- 
-'''1984''':<ref name=nba1980s/> '''[[Robert V. Remini]], ''Andrew Jackson and the Course of American Democracy, 1833–1845'' 
-*[[Howard M. Feinstein]], ''Becoming William James'' <small><sup>[bio: [[William James]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Richard Marius]], ''Thomas More: A Biography'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Thomas More]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Ernst Pawel]], ''The Nightmare of Reason: A Life of Franz Kafka'' <small><sup>[bio: [[Franz Kafka]]]</sup></small> 
-*[[Eudora Welty]], ''One Writer's Beginnings'' <small><sup>[autobiography]</sup></small> 
- 
-{{anchor|nonfiction categories}} 
- 
-===Multiple nonfiction categories, 1964 to 1983=== 
- 
-For the 1963/1964 cycle, three new award categories replaced "Nonfiction": Arts and Letters; History and Biography; Science, Philosophy and Religion. For the next twenty years there were at least three award categories for nonfiction books marketed to adult readers and the term "Nonfiction" was used only 1980 to 1983 ("General Nonfiction", hardcover and paperback). 
- 
-{| class=wikitable 
-|+ Scope of "Nonfiction" as covered in the following tables 
-! timespan ||of all <br>awards ||list of "Nonfiction" categories covered below 
-|- 
- ||1964–1966 ||3 of 5 ||rowspan=2|Arts and Letters; History and Biography; Science, Philosophy and Religion 
-|- 
- ||1967–1968 ||3 of 6  
-|- 
- ||1969–1971 ||3 of 7 ||Arts and Letters; History and Biography; "The Sciences" or "Philosophy and Religion" alternating 
-|- 
- ||1972–1975 ||6 of 10 ||Arts and Letters; Biography; Contemporary Affairs; History; Philosophy and Religion; The Sciences 
-|- 
- ||1976 ||3 of 6 ||Arts and Letters; Contemporary Affairs; History and Biography 
-|- 
- ||1977–1979 ||3 of 7 ||Biography and Autobiography; Contemporary Thought; History 
-|- 
- ||1980 ||16 of 30+ ||Autobiography; Biography; Current Interest; General Nonfiction; History; Religion/Inspiration; Science (each hardcover and paperback)&nbsp; 
-|- 
- ||1981–1983 ||8 of 20+ ||Autobiography/Biography; General Nonfiction; History; Science (each hardcover and paperback) 
-|- 
-|} 
- 
-{| class=wikitable 
-|+ Nonfiction subcategories, 1964 to 1979<ref name=nba1960s/><ref name=nba1970s> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1970 "National Book Awards – 1970"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-02-06. (Select 1970 to 1979 from the top left menu.)</ref> 
-! Year <br><small>count || Award category || <u>Winner</u> and finalists 
-|- 
- |rowspan=7 valign=Top|'''1964'''  
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<!-- Ward made an ACCEPTANCE SPEECH. Even if its content is not used in her biography, at least the reference to "NBA winners - 1964" should specify "(With acceptance speech by Ward.)" 
- --><u>[[Aileen Ward]], ''[[John Keats: The Making of a Poet]]''</u> <small><sup>[bio [[John Keats]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-Losing finalists for nonfiction awards are known only collectively.<ref name=nba1964/>  
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography|| 
-<u>[[William Hardy McNeill|William H. McNeill]], ''[[The Rise of the West: A History of the Human Community]]''</u> 
- 
-Losing finalists for nonfiction awards are known only collectively.<ref name=nba1964/> 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science, Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>[[Christopher Tunnard]] and [[Boris Pushkarev]], ''[[Man-made America: Chaos or Control?]]''</u> 
- 
-Losing finalists for nonfiction awards are known only collectively.<ref name=nba1964/>  
-|- 
- |rowspan=4| Losing finalists, 1964 nonfiction categories<ref name=nba1964> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1964 "National Book Awards – 1964"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-02-06.</ref> || 
- 
-[[David E. Lilienthal]], ''Change, Hope and the Bomb''<br> 
-[[Ralph McGill]], ''The South and the Southerner''<br> 
-|-  
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|(probably Arts and Letters)<br/> 
-[[Walter Jackson Bate]], ''John Keats'' <small><sup>[bio [[John Keats]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Francis Steegmuller]], ''Apollinaire: Poet among the Painters'' <small><sup>[bio [[Guillaume Apollinaire]]]</sup></small><br> 
-|-  
- |bgcolor=ffeeee|(probably History and Biography)<br/> 
-[[Shelby Foote]], ''[[The Civil War: A Narrative|The Civil War: A Narrative, Vol. II, Fredericksburg to Meridian]]'' (2nd of 3 vols)<br> 
-[[Richard Hofstadter]], ''[[Anti-intellectualism in American Life]]''<br> 
-[[Seymour Martin Lipset]], ''The First New Nation: The United States in Historical and Comparative Perspective''<br> 
-[[Peter Lyon (author)|Peter Lyon]], ''Success Story: The Life and Times of S. S. McClure'' <small><sup>[bio [[S. S. McClure]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Bertram D. Wolfe]], ''The Fabulous Life of Diego Rivera'' <small><sup>[bio [[Diego Rivera]]]</sup></small><br> 
-|- 
- |bgcolor=eeffff|(probably Science, Philosophy and Religion)<br/> 
-[[James Baldwin]], ''[[The Fire Next Time]]''<br> 
-[[Raymond Fredric Dasmann]], ''The Last Horizon'' <small><sup>[about [[conservation biology]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Howard Ensign Evans]], ''Wasp Farm'' <small><sup>[about [[entomology]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Nathan Glazer]] and [[Daniel Patrick Moynihan]], ''Beyond the Melting Pot: The Negroes, Puerto Ricans, Jews, Italians and Irish of New York City''<br> 
-[[Stewart Udall]], ''The Quiet Crisis'' <small><sup>[about [[conservation of natural resources]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1965''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Eleanor Clark]], ''[[The Oysters of Locmariaquer]]''</u><br> 
-[[Eric Bentley]], ''The Life of the Drama''<br> 
-[[Robert Brustein]], ''The Theater of Revolt: An Approach to Modern Drama''<br> 
-[[Edward Dahlberg]], ''Because I Was Flesh'' <small><sup>[autobiography]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Ralph Ellison]], ''[[Shadow and Act]]''<br> 
-[[Howard Mumford Jones]], ''[[O Strange New World|O Strange New World: American Culture, the Formative Years]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography|| 
-<u>[[Louis Fischer]], ''[[The Life of Lenin]]''</u> <small><sup>[bio [[Vladimir Lenin]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Oscar Lewis]], ''Pedro Martinez: A Mexican Peasant and His Family''<br> 
-[[R. R. Palmer]], ''Age of the Democratic Revolution: A Political History of Europe and America, 1760–1800''<br> 
-Willie Lee Nichols Rose, ''Rehearsal for Reconstruction: The Port Royal Experiment'' <small><sup>[about [[Port Royal Expermiment]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Ernest Samuels]], ''Henry Adams: The Major Phase'' (third of 3 vols.) <small><sup>[bio [[Henry Adams]]]</sup></small><br> 
-Richard J. Whalen, ''The Founding Father: The Story of Joseph P. Kennedy'' <small><sup>[bio [[Joseph P. Kennedy]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science, Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>[[Norbert Wiener]], ''[[God & Golem, Inc.: A Comment on Certain Points Where Cybernetics Impinges on Religion]]''</u><br> 
-[[Walter Ciszek]], ''[[With God in Russia]]'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Theodosius Dobzhansky]], ''Heredity and the Nature of Man''<br> 
-[[David Hawkins (philosopher)|David Hawkins]], ''The Language of Nature: An Essay on the Philosophy of Science''<br> 
-[[John Courtney Murray]], ''The Problem of God, Yesterday and Today''<br> 
-[[Walter S. Sullivan]], ''We Are Not Alone: The Search for Intelligent Life on Other Worlds'' 
- 
-|- 
- |colspan=3| 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1966''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Janet Flanner]] ''[[Paris Journal, 1944–1965]]''</u><br> 
-[[Alfred Kazin]], ''Starting Out in the Thirties''<br> 
-[[R. W. B. Lewis]], ''Trials of the Word: Essays in American Literature and the Humanistic Tradition''<br> 
-[[Philip Rahv]], ''The Myth and the Powerhouse''<br> 
-[[Lionel Trilling]], ''[[Beyond Culture|Beyond Culture: Essays on Literature and Learning]]''<br> 
-[[René Wellek]], ''History of Modern Criticism: 1750–1950'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography|| 
-<u>[[Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.]], ''[[A Thousand Days (book)|A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House]]''</u><br> 
-Irving Brant, ''The Bill of Rights: Its Origin and Meaning'' <small><sup>[about [[United States Bill of Rights]]]</sup></small><br> 
-Edward Chase Kirkland, ''Charles Francis Adams, Jr., 1835–1915: Patrician at Bay'' <small><sup>[bio [[Charles Francis Adams, Jr.]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Richard B. Morris]], ''The Peacemakers: The Great Powers and American Independence''<br> 
-Robert Shaplen, ''The Lost Revolution: The U.S. in Vietnam, 1946–1966''<br> 
-[[Theodore H. White]], ''The Making of the President, 1964'' (second of 4 vols) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science, Philosophy and Religion || 
-No award given. 
- 
-[[Charles Frankel]], ''"The Love of Anxiety" and Other Essays''<br> 
-[[Edgar Z. Friedenberg]], ''Coming of Age in America''<br> 
-[[Bentley Glass]], ''Science and Ethical Values''<br> 
-[[Alice Kimball Smith]], ''A Peril and a Hope: The Scientists' Movement in America, 1945–47'' 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1967''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Justin Kaplan]], ''Mr. Clemens and Mark Twain: A Biography''</u> <small><sup>[bio [[Mark Twain]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Oliver Larkin]], ''Daumier: Man of His Time'' <small><sup>[bio [[Honoré Daumier]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Frederick A. Pottle]], ''James Boswell: The Earlier Years'' <small><sup>[bio [[James Boswell]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Isaac Bashevis Singer]], ''In My Father's Court'' <small><sup>[autobio]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Susan Sontag]], ''[[Against Interpretation|Against Interpretation and Other Essays]]''<br> 
-[[Lawrence Thompson]], ''Robert Frost: The Early Years'' <small><sup>[bio [[Robert Frost]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography|| 
-<u>[[Peter Gay]], ''The Enlightenment, Vol. I: The Rise of Modern Paganism''</u><br> 
-[[James H. Billington]], ''The Icon and the Axe: An Interpretative History of Russian Culture''<br> 
-[[David Brion Davis]], ''[[The Problem of Slavery in Western Culture]]''<br> 
-[[Martin Duberman]], ''James Russell Lowell'' <small><sup>[bio [[James Russell Lowell]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Barrington Moore, Jr.]], ''[[Barrington Moore, Jr.#Social origins of dictatorship and democracy|Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World]]''<br> 
-Peter Štanský and William Abrahams, ''Journey to the Frontier: Two roads to the Spanish Civil War'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science, Philosophy and Religion ||  
-<u>[[Oscar Lewis]], ''[[La Vida: A Puerto Rican Family in the Culture of Poverty—San Juan and New York]]''</u> <small><sup>[about [[culture of poverty]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Howard B. Adelmann]], ''Marcello Malpighi and the Evolution of Embryology'' <small><sup>[five vols including [[Marcello Malpighi]]'s works]</sup></small><br> 
-[[George Beadle]] and [[Muriel Beadle]], ''The Language of Life: An Introduction to the Science of Genetics''<!-- our article is about an album --><br> 
-[[Wassily W. Leontief]], ''Essays in Economics'' <small><sup>[1st of two vols]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Philip Rieff]], ''The Triumph of the Therapeutic: Uses of Faith After Freud''<br> 
-[[Erwin Straus]], ''Phenomenological Psychology: The Selected Papers of Erwin W. Straus''<br><!--(about [[phenomenological psychology]])--> 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1968''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[William Troy (writer and educator)|William Troy]], ''Selected Essays''</u><br> 
-[[R. P. Blackmur]], ''A Primer of Ignorance'' <br> 
-[[Frank Conroy]], ''[[Stop-Time]]'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Leonard B. Meyer]], ''Music, the Arts and Ideas''<br> 
-[[M. L. Rosenthal]], ''The New Poets''<br> 
-[[Stanley Weintraub]], ''Beardsley: A Biography'' <small><sup>[bio [[Aubrey Beardsley]]]</sup></small> 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography || 
-<u>[[George F. Kennan]], ''Memoirs: 1925–1950''</u> (first of 2 vols.)<br> 
-Henry Bragdon, ''Woodrow Wilson: The Academic Years'' <small><sup>[bio [[Woodrow Wilson]]]</sup></small><br> 
-Louis J. Halle, ''The Cold War as History''<br> 
-[[Roger Hilsman]], ''To Move a Nation: The Politics of Foreign Policy in the Administration of John F. Kennedy'' <small><sup>[about [[John F. Kennedy]]]</sup></small> 
-Nathan Silver, ''Lost New York'' <!--(former [[New York City]] buildings)--> 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science, Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>[[Jonathan Kozol]], ''[[Death at an Early Age]]'' </u><br> 
-[[Theodosius Dobzhansky]], ''The Biology of Ultimate Concern''<br> 
-[[John Kenneth Galbraith]], ''[[The New Industrial State]]''<br> 
-[[Suzanne K. Langer]], ''Mind: An Essay on Human Feeling'' (1st of three vols)<br> 
-[[Lewis Mumford]], ''[[The Myth of the Machine|The Myth of the Machine: Technics and Human Development]]'' (1st of two vols) 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1969''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Norman Mailer]], ''[[The Armies of the Night|The Armies of the Night: History as a Novel, The Novel as History]]''</u><br> 
-[[Hannah Arendt]], ''Men in Dark Times''<br> 
-[[Peter Gay]], ''Weimar Culture: The Outsider as Insider'' <br> 
-[[Gordon S. Haight]], ''George Eliot: A Biography'' <small><sup>[bio [[George Eliot]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Gertrude Himmelfarb]], ''Victorian Minds'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography || 
-<u>[[Winthrop Jordan]], ''[[White over Black|White over Black: American Attitudes Toward the Negro, 1550–1812]]''</u><br> 
-Nuel Pharr Davis, ''Lawrence and Oppenheimer'' <small><sup>[about [[Ernest Lawrence]] & [[J. Robert Oppenheimer]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Alvin M. Josephy, Jr.]], ''The Indian Heritage of America''<br> 
-[[Norman Mailer]], ''[[Miami and the Siege of Chicago|Miami and the Siege of Chicago: An Informal History of the Republic and Democratic Conventions of 1968]]''<br> 
-[[David M. Potter]], ''The South and the Sectional Conflict'' <!--(about [[Origins of the American Civil War]])--> 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||The Sciences || 
-<u>[[Robert Jay Lifton]], ''[[Death in Life|Death in Life: Survivors of Hiroshima]]''</u><br> 
-[[René Dubos]], ''[[So Human an Animal|So Human an Animal: How We Are Shaped by Surroundings and Events]]''<br> 
-[[Frank E. Manuel]], ''A Portrait of Isaac Newton'' <small><sup>[bio [[Isaac Newton]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Karl Menninger]], M.D., ''The Crime of Punishment'' <br> <!--([[psychiatric treatment]] vs. [[punishment]])--> 
-[[James D. Watson]], ''[[The Double Helix|The Double Helix: A Personal Account of the Discovery of the Structure of DNA]]'' 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1970''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Lillian Hellman]], ''[[An Unfinished Life|An Unfinished Woman: A Memoir]]''</u><br> 
-[[Richard Howard]], ''Alone with America: Essays on the Art of Poetry in the United States Since 1950''<br> 
-[[Noel Perrin]], ''Dr. Bowdler's Legacy: A History of Expurgated Books in England and America'' <br> <!--(about [[expurgated]] books)--> 
-[[John Unterecker]], ''Voyager: A Life of Hart Crane'' <small><sup>[bio [[Hart Crane]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Gore Vidal]], ''Reflections Upon a Sinking Ship'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography || 
-<u>[[T. Harry Williams]], ''Huey Long''</u> <small><sup>[bio [[Huey Long]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Dean Acheson]], ''Present at the Creation: My Years in the State Department'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Townsend Hoopes]], ''The Limits of Intervention'' <small><sup>[memoir]</sup></small><br> 
-[[John Womack]], ''Zapata and the Mexican Revolution'' <small><sup>[bio [[Emiliano Zapata]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Gordon S. Wood]], ''The Creation of the American Republic'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffffdd 
- ||Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>[[Erik Erikson]], ''[[Gandhi's Truth: On the Origins of Militant Nonviolence]]''</u><br> 
-[[Kenneth E. Boulding]], ''Beyond Economics: Essays on Society, Religion, and Ethics''<br> 
-[[Loren Eiseley]], ''The Unexpected Universe''<br> 
-[[Rollo May]], ''[[Love and Will]]''<br> 
-[[Theodore Roszak (scholar)|Theodore Roszak]], ''[[The Making of a Counter Culture|The Making of a Counter Culture: Reflections on the Technocratic Society and Its Youthful Opposition]]'' 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1971''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Francis Steegmuller]], ''Cocteau: A Biography''</u> <small><sup>[bio [[Cocteau]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Harold Bloom]], ''Yeats'' <small><sup>[bio [[W. B. Yeats]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Robert Coles]], ''Erik H. Erikson: the Growth of His Work'' <small><sup>[bio [[Erik Erikson]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Nancy Milford]], ''Zelda'' <small><sup>[bio [[Zelda Fitzgerald]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Lewis Mumford]], ''[[The Myth of the Machine|The Myth of the Machine: The Pentagon of Power]]'' (2nd of two vols)<br> 
-[[Kenneth Rexroth]], ''The Alternative Society: Essays from the Other World'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History and <br>Biography || 
-<u>[[James MacGregor Burns]], ''[[Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom]]''</u> <small><sup>[bio [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[David Herbert Donald]], ''Charles Sumner and the Rights of Man'' (second of 2 vols.) <small><sup>[bio [[Charles Sumner]]]</sup></small><br> 
-Andy Logan, ''Against the Evidence: The Becker-Rosenthal Affair''<br> <!-- The [[Rosenthal murder case--> 
-[[Dumas Malone]], ''Jefferson the President: First Term, 1801–1805'' (fourth of 6 vols) <small><sup>[bio [[Thomas Jefferson]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[C. L. Sulzberger]], ''The Last of the Giants'' <!-- source is NYT 1993-09-21 obituary --> 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||The Sciences || 
-<u>[[Raymond Phineas Sterns]], ''[[Science in the British Colonies of America]]''</u><br> 
-[[Gustav Eckstein]], ''The Body Has a Head''<!-- our article is about a song--><br> 
-[[Victor C. Ferkiss]], ''Technological Man''<br> 
-[[Ian L. McHarg]], ''Design with Nature'' <br> <!-- (about ecological [[land-use planning]])--> 
-[[Theodor Rosebury]], ''Life on Man'' <br> <!-- (about [[human skin]] as [[ecosystem]])--> 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=6 valign=Top|'''1972''' 
-<br>(6) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Charles Rosen]], ''[[The Classical Style: Haydn, Mozart, Beethoven]]''</u><br> 
-[[M. H. Abrams]], ''Natural Supernaturalism: Tradition and Revolution in Romantic Literature''<br> 
-[[James Dickey]], ''Sorties''<br> 
-[[Thomas R. Edwards]], ''Imagination and Power: A Study of Poetry on Public Themes''<br> 
-[[Norman Fruman]], ''Coleridge, the Damaged Archangel'' <small><sup>[bio [[Samuel Taylor Coleridge]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[César Graña]], ''Fact and Symbol: Essays in the Sociology of Art and Literature''<br> 
-[[B. H. Haggin]], ''Ballet Chronicle''<br> 
-[[Nathan Huggins]], ''Harlem Renaissance'' <br><!-- (about [[Harlem Renaissance]] --> 
-[[Iris Origo]], ''Images and Shadows'' <small><sup>[autobio]</sup></small><br> 
-[[John Simon (critic)|John Simon]], ''Movies into Films: Film Criticism, 1967–1970'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||Biography || 
-<u>[[Joseph P. Lash]], ''[[Eleanor and Franklin|Eleanor and Franklin: The Story of Their Relationship, Based on Eleanor Roosevelt's Private Papers]]''</u> <small><sup>[bio [[Eleanor Roosevelt]]]</sup></small><br> 
-John Cody<!-- not [[John Cody]] -->, ''After Great Pain: The Inner Life of Emily Dickinson'' <small><sup>[bio [[Emily Dickinson]]]</sup></small><br> 
-Emily Farnham, ''Charles Demuth: Behind A Laughing Mask'' <small><sup>[bio [[Charles Demuth]]]</sup></small><br> 
-David Freeman Hawke, ''Benjamin Rush: Revolutionary Gadfly'' <small><sup>[bio [[Benjamin Rush]]]</sup></small><br> 
-Ralph Ketcham, ''James Madison: A Biography'' <small><sup>[bio [[James Madison]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Harding Lemay]], ''Inside, Looking Out: A Personal Memoir''<br> 
-[[D'Arcy McNickle]], ''Indian Man: A Life of Oliver La Farge'' <small><sup>[bio [[Oliver La Farge]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Ronald Paulson]], ''Hogarth: His Life, Art, and Times'' (second of 3 vols) <small><sup>[bio [[William Hogarth]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Lacey Baldwin Smith]], ''Henry VIII: The Mask of Royalty'' <small><sup>[bio [[Henry VIII]]]</sup></small><br> 
-[[Barbara Tuchman]], ''[[Stilwell and the American Experience in China, 1911-45]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Affairs|| 
-<u>[[Stewart Brand]], editor, ''[[Whole Earth Catalog|The Last Whole Earth Catalogue]]''</u> 
- 
-No other finalists announced. 
-|- 
- |bgcolor=ffeeee|History ||bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[Allan Nevins]], ''The Organized War, 1863–1864'' and ''The Organized War to Victory, 1864–1865''</u> ([[Ordeal of the Union]], vols. 7 & 8 of eight) 
- 
-No other finalists announced. 
-|- bgcolor=ffffdd 
- ||Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>[[Martin E. Marty]], ''Righteous Empire: The Protestant Experience in America''</u> 
- 
-No other finalists announced. 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||The Sciences || 
-<u>[[George L. Small]], ''The Blue Whale''</u> 
- 
-No other finalists announced. 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=6 valign=Top|'''1973''' 
-<br>(6) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Arthur M. Wilson]], ''Diderot''</u> (about [[Denis Diderot]])<br> 
-[[Leo Braudy]], ''Jean Renoir: The World of His Films'' (about [[Jean Renoir]])<br> 
-[[Arlene Croce]], ''The Fred Astaire & Ginger Rogers Book'' (about [[Fred Astaire|Astaire]] and [[Ginger Rogers|Rogers]] musicals)<br> 
-[[Stanley Fish]], ''[[Self-Consuming Artifacts|Self-Consuming Artifacts: The Experience of Seventeenth-Century Literature]]''<br> 
-[[Michael Goldman]], ''Shakespeare and the Energies of Drama''<br> 
-[[Daniel Hoffman]], ''Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe Poe'' (about [[Edgar Allan Poe]])<br> 
-[[Albert Murray (writer)|Albert Murray]], ''South to a Very Old Place''<br> 
-[[Linda Nochlin]], ''Realism''<br> 
-[[Harold Rosenberg]], ''The De-Definition of Art: Action Art to Pop to Earthworks''<br> 
-[[Leo Steinberg]], ''Other Criteria: Confrontations with Twentieth-Century Art''<br> 
-[[Lionel Trilling]], ''[[Sincerity and Authenticity]]''<br> 
-[[Alec Wilder]], ''American Popular Song: The Great Innovators, 1900–1950''<br> 
-[[Vernon Young]], ''On Film: Unpopular Essays on a Popular Art'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||Biography || 
-<u>[[James Thomas Flexner]], ''George Washington: Anguish and Farewell, 1793–1799''</u> (last of 4 vols.)<br> 
-[[Ingrid Bengis]], ''Combat in the Erogenous Zone: Writings on Love, Hate, and Sex''<br> 
-[[Hortense Calisher]], ''Herself'' (autobiography)<br> 
-[[Kenneth S. Davis]], ''FDR: The Beckoning of Destiny, 1882–1928'' (first of 5 vols.)<br> 
-[[Leon Edel]], ''Henry James: The Master, 1901–1916'' (Vol. V of five)<br> 
-[[Eleanor Flexner]], ''Mary Wollstonecraft: A Biography''<br> 
-[[Nikki Giovanni]], ''Gemini: An Extended Autobiographical Statement on My First Twenty-Five Years of Being A Black Poet''<br> 
-[[John Houseman]], ''Run-Through'' (memoir, first of 3)<br> 
-Diane Johnson<!-- not [[Diane Johnson]] -->, ''Lesser Lives'' (about [[George Meredith#Life|Mary Ellen (Peacock)(Nicolls) Meredith]])<br> 
-[[George F. Kennan]], ''Memoirs, 1950–1963'' (second of 2 vols.)<br> 
-[[Joseph P. Lash]], ''Eleanor: The Years Alone'' (about [[Eleanor Roosevelt]])<br> 
-[[Margaret Mead]], ''Blackberry Winter: My Earlier Years''<br> 
-Peter Štanský and William Abrahams, ''The Unknown Orwell'' (first volume on [[George Orwell]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Affairs|| 
-<u>[[Frances FitzGerald (journalist)|Frances FitzGerald]], ''[[Fire in the Lake: The Vietnamese and the Americans in Vietnam]]'' (about the U.S. [[Vietnam War]])</u><br> 
-[[Michael Barone (pundit)|Michael Barone]], [[Grant Ujifusa]] and [[Douglas Matthews]], ''[[The Almanac of American Politics]]'' (first biennial edition)<br> 
-[[Herbert Block]], ''Herblock's State of the Union'' (collected cartoons)<br> 
-[[Lynn Eden]]<!-- Lynn Eden, PhD Senior Research Scholar and Associate Director for Research, CISAC -->, ''Crisis in Watertown: The Polarization of an American Community'' (about [[Watertown, Wisconsin]] 1967–1969)<br> 
-[[David Halberstam]], ''[[The Best and the Brightest]]'' (about U.S. [[Vietnam War]] origins)<br> 
-[[Seymour Hersh]], ''Cover-Up: The Army's Secret Investigation of the Massacre at My Lai 4'' (about the [[My Lai Massacre#Reporting, cover-up and investigations|My Lai Massacre cover-up]])<br> 
-[[Stanley Karnow]], ''Mao and China: From Revolution to Revolution'' (about [[Mao Zedong]] and [[China]])<br> 
-[[Richard Sennett]] and [[Jonathan Cobb]], ''The Hidden Injuries of Class'' (a study of [[working-class]] [[class consciousness|consciousness]])<br> 
-[[Colin M. Turnbull]], ''The Mountain People'' (about the [[Ik people]])<br> 
-[[Garry Wills]], ''Bare Ruined Choirs: Doubt, Prophecy, and Radical Religion''<br> 
-— ''Attica: The Official Report of the New York State Special Commission on Attica'' (about the [[Attica Prison riot]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || History || 
-Split award.<br/> 
-<u>[[Robert Manson Myers]], ''The Children of Pride: A True Story of Georgia and the Civil War''</u> (see [[Charles Colcock Jones]])<br> 
-<u>[[Isaiah Trunk]], ''Judenrat: The Jewish Councils in Eastern Europe under Nazi Occupation''</u><br> 
-[[James David Barber]], ''The Presidential Character: Predicting Performance in the White House''<br> 
-[[John Diggins]], ''Mussolini and Fascism: The View from America''<br> 
-[[Richard Dunn]], ''Sugar and Slaves: The Rise of the Planter Class in the [[British West Indies|English West Indies]], 1624–1713''<br> 
-[[Loren Graham]], ''Science and Philosophy in the Soviet Union''<br> 
-David Lovejoy, ''The Glorious Revolution in America'' (see [[Dominion of New England#Glorious Revolution and dissolution|Dominion of New England]])<br> 
-[[Jerre Mangione]], ''The Dream and the Deal: The Federal Writers Project, 1935–43''<br> 
-[[Robert O. Paxton]], ''Vichy France: Old Guard and New Order, 1940–1944''<br> 
-Edward E. Rice<!-- not Edward Everett Rice; NBF lists Edward R. but see google books about the author http://books.google.com/books/about/Mao_s_way.html?id=ONWxWuI3udgC -->, ''Mao's Way'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffffdd 
- ||Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>[[S. E. Ahlstrom]], ''A Religious History of the American People''</u><br> 
-[[Silvano Arieti]], M.D., ''The Will to be Human'' <!-- pdfreview: non-determinist, opposed both Skinner and Freud --><br> 
-[[Germaine Brée]], ''Camus and Sartre'' (about [[Albert Camus]] and [[Jean-Paul Sartre]])<br> 
-[[Arthur Danto]], ''Mysticism and Morality: Oriental Thought and Moral Philosophy''<br> 
-[[Stanley Cavell]], ''The Senses of Walden'' (about ''[[Walden]]'')<br> 
-[[William A. Christian]], ''Person and God in a Spanish Valley''<br> 
-[[William Leiss]], ''The Domination of Nature''<br> 
-[[Theodore Roszak (scholar)|Theodore Roszak]], ''Where the Wasteland Ends''<br> 
-[[Morton White]], ''Science and Sentiment in America''<!-- general? [[Nature fakers controversy]] does not mention White --><br> 
-[[Theodore Ziolkowski]], ''Fictional Transfigurations of Jesus'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||The Sciences || 
-<br><u>[[George B. Schaller]], ''The Serengeti Lion: A Study of Predator-Prey Relations''</u><br> 
-[[John E. Bardach]]<!-- sole author listed by NBF-->, [[John H. Ryther]] and [[William O. McLarney]], ''Aquaculture: the farming and husbandry of freshwater and marine organisms'' (about [[aquaculture]])<br> 
-[[Herman H. Goldstine]], ''The Computer from Pascal to Von Neumann'' (about [[history of computing]], [[history of computing hardware]])<br> 
-[[Garrett Hardin]], ''Exploring New Ethics for Survival: The Voyage of the Spaceship Beagle'' (see [[lifeboat ethics]], [[bioethics]])<br> 
-[[Morris Kline]], ''Mathematical Thought from Ancient to Modern Times''<br> 
-[[Peter Matthiessen]], ''The Tree Where Man Was Born''<!-- LOC main title: The tree where man was born: [text by] Peter Matthiessen; [and] The African experience; [photographs by] Eliot Porter. --> (about [[East Africa]])<br> 
-[[H. Lewis McKinney]], ''Wallace and Natural Selection'' (about [[Alfred Russel Wallace]])<br> 
-Victor Richards, M.D.,<!-- not [[Victor Richards]] --> ''Cancer: The Wayward Cell; its origins, nature, and treatment''<br> 
-[[Ann Zwinger]] and [[Beatrice Willard]], ''Land Above the Trees: A Guide to American Alpine Tundra'' (about [[alpine tundra]]) 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=6 valign=Top|'''1974''' 
-<br>(6) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Pauline Kael]], ''[[Deeper Into Movies]]''</u><br> 
-[[Daniel Aaron]], ''The Unwritten War: American Writers and the Civil War''<br> 
-[[W. H. Auden]], ''[[Forewords and Afterwords]]''<br> 
-[[Clarence Brown (scholar)|Clarence Brown]], ''Mandelstam'' (bio [[Osip Mandelstam]])<!-- by one of his translators http://slavic.princeton.edu/about_us/history.php# --><br> 
-[[Richard Ellmann]], ''Golden Codgers: Biographical Speculations''<br> 
-[[B. H. Haggin]], ''A Decade of Music''<br> 
-[[Lillian Hellman]], ''[[Pentimento (book)|Pentimento: A Book of Portraits]]'' (memoir)<br> 
-[[Edward Hoagland]], ''Walking the Dead Diamond River'' (about [[Dead Diamond River]])<br> 
-[[Lincoln Kirstein]], ''Elie Nadelman'' (bio [[Elie Nadelman]])<br> 
-[[Leonard B. Meyer]], ''Explaining Music: Essays and Explorations''<br> 
-[[Saul Steinberg]], ''The Inspector'' (drawings)<br> 
-[[Kevin Starr]], ''Americans and the California Dream, 1850–1915'' (1st of many volumes) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || Biography || 
-Split award.<br/> 
-<u>[[John Leonard Clive]], ''[[Thomas Babington Macaulay]]: The Shaping of the Historian''</u><ref group=lower-alpha name=clive1974> 
-In 1974 John Clive, ''Thomas Babington Macaulay'', won both the History and Biography awards.</ref><br> 
-<u>[[Douglas Day]], ''[[Malcolm Lowry]]: A Biography''</u><br> 
-[[J. H. Adamson]] and H. F. Folland<!-- Jack H. Adamson and Harold F. Folland-->, ''Sir [[Henry Vane the Younger|Harry Vane]]: His Life and Times (1613–1662)''<br> 
-[[Robert V. Bruce]], ''Bell: [[Alexander Graham Bell]] and The Conquest of Solitude''<br> 
-[[Stephen F. Cohen]], ''[[Nikolai Bukharin|Bukharin]] and the [[Bolshevik Revolution]]: A Political Biography, 1888–1938''<br> 
-Lester G. Crocker, ''[[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]]: The Prophetic Voice, Vol. II''<br> 
-Myra Friedman, ''Buried Alive: The Biography of [[Janis Joplin]]''<br> 
-William H. Harbaugh, ''Lawyer's Lawyer: The Life of [[John W. Davis]]''<br> 
-[[Townsend Hoopes]], ''The Devil and [[John Foster Dulles]]''<br> 
-Louis Sheaffer, ''O'Neill Volume II: Son and Artist'' (about [[Eugene O'Neill]])<br> 
-Kathryn Kish Sklar, ''Catherine Beecher'' (about [[Catherine Beecher]])<br> 
-[[Adam Ulam]], ''Stalin'' (about [[Joseph Stalin]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Affairs|| 
-<u>[[Murray Kempton]], ''The Briar Patch: The People of the State of New York versus Lumumba Shakur, et al.''</u> (about a [[Black Panthers]] trial)<br> 
-[[Peter Davies (Staten Island NY)|Peter Davies]], ''The Truth About Kent State: A Challenge to the American Conscience'' (about the [[Kent State shootings]])<br> 
-[[John Kenneth Galbraith]], ''[[Economics and the Public Purpose]]''<br> 
-[[Vivian Gornick]], ''In Search of Ali Mahmoud: An American Woman in Egypt''<br> 
-[[Walter Karp]], ''Indispensable Enemies: The Politics of Misrule in America''<br> 
-[[Robert Jay Lifton]], ''Home from the War: Vietnam Veterans—Neither Victims nor Executioners'' (about U.S. [[Vietnam veteran]]s)<br> 
-[[Jessica Mitford]], ''Kind and Usual Punishment: The Prison Business''<!-- ? [[private prison]]s? --><br> 
-[[Nora Sayre]], ''Sixties Going on Seventies (Perspectives on the Sixties)'' (about 1960s)<br> 
-[[Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.]], ''[[The Imperial Presidency]]''<br> 
-[[Robert Sherrill]], ''The Saturday Night Special and Other Guns'' (about personal [[firearms]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || History || 
-<u>[[John Leonard Clive]], ''[[Thomas Babington Macaulay]]: The Shaping of the Historian''</u><ref group=lower-alpha name=clive1974/><br> 
-[[Ray Allen Billington]], ''[[Frederick Jackson Turner]]: Historian, Teacher, Scholar''<br> 
-[[Daniel J. Boorstin]], ''The Americans''<ref group=lower-alpha> 
-Boorstin published the third and final volume of ''The Americans'' in 1973 (''The Americans: The Democratic Experience'').</ref><br> 
-[[Frank Freidel]], ''Franklin D. Roosevelt'' (about [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]])<ref group=lower-alpha> 
-Freidel published the fourth and final folume of ''Franklin D. Roosevelt'' in 1973 (ending 1934).</ref><br> 
-[[Lawrence M. Friedman]], ''A History of American Law''<br> 
-[[Frederic C. Lane]], ''[[Republic of Venice|Venice]]: Maritime Republic''<br> 
-Edward Pessen, ''Riches, Class and Power Before the Civil War''<br> 
-[[Richard Slotkin]], ''Regeneration Through Violence: the Mythology of the American Frontier, 1600–1860''<br> 
-[[Stephan Thernstrom]], ''The Other Bostonians: Poverty and Progress in the American Metropolis, 1880–1970''<br> 
-[[Robert C. Tucker]], ''[[Joseph Stalin|Stalin]] as Revolutionary, 1879–1929: A Study in History and Personality'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffffdd 
- ||Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>Maurice Natanson, ''[[Edmund Husserl]]: Philosopher of Infinite Tasks''</u><br> 
-[[Don Browning]], ''Generative Man: Psychoanalytic Perspectives''<br> 
-[[Harvey Cox]], ''The Seduction of the Spirit: The Use and Misuse of People's Religion''<br> 
-[[Erich Fromm]], ''The Anatomy of Human Destructiveness''<br> 
-[[Marjorie Grene]], ''Jean-Paul Sartre'' (bio [[Sartre]])<br> 
-[[Trent Schroyer]], ''The Critique of Domination: The Origins and Development of Critical Theory'' (about [[critical theory]])<br> 
-[[Laurence Veysey]], ''The Communal Experience: Anarchist and Mystical Counter-Cultures in America'' (about American [[commune]]s)<br> 
-[[Frederic Wakeman]], ''History and Will: Philosophical Perspectives of Mao Tse-Tung's Thought'' (about [[Maoism]])<br> 
-[[Harry Austryn Wolfson]], ''Studies in the History of Philosophy and Religion'', Vol. 1 (collection)<br> 
-[[Larzer Ziff]], ''Puritanism in America: New Culture in a New World'' (see [[Puritan#New England Puritans|New England Puritans]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||The Sciences || 
-<u>[[S. E. Luria]], ''Life: The Unfinished Experiment''</u><br> 
-[[Jeremy Bernstein]], ''Einstein'' (see [[Albert Einstein]])<br> 
-[[Theodosius Dobzhansky]], ''Genetic Diversity and Human Equality''<br> 
-[[Amitai Etzioni]], ''Genetic Fix: The Next Technological Revolution''<br> 
-[[J. M. Jauch]], ''Are Quanta Real? A Galilean Dialogue''<br> 
-Ruth Kirk<!-- not [[Ruth Kirk]] --> and Louis Kirk, ''Desert: The American Southwest''<br> 
-[[Suzanne K. Langer]], ''Mind: An Essay on Human Feeling'', Vol. II (2nd of three vols)<br> 
-[[George Laycock]], ''Autumn of the Eagle'' (about [[bald eagle]])<br> 
-[[Robert I. Levy]], ''Tahitians: Mind and Experience in the Society Islands''<br> 
-[[William T. Powers]], ''Behavior: The Control of Perception''<br> 
-[[Edwin S. Shneidman]], ''Deaths of Man'' 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=6 valign=Top|'''1975''' 
-<br>(6) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-Split award.<br/> 
-<u>[[Roger Shattuck]], ''Marcel Proust'' (bio [[Marcel Proust]])</u><br> 
-<u>[[Lewis Thomas]], ''[[The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher]]''</u><ref group=lower-alpha name=thomas1975> 
-Lewis Thomas, ''The Lives of a Cell'', won both the Arts & Letters and Science awards in 1975.</ref><br> 
-[[Calvin Bedient]], ''Eight Contemporary Poets: Charles Tomlinson, Donald Davie, R. S. Thomas, Philip Larkin, Ted Hughes, Thomas Kinsella, Stevie Smith, W. S. Graham''<br> 
-[[Alessandra Comini]], ''Egon Schiele's Portraits'' (about [[Egon Schiele]])<br> 
-[[Peter Gay]], ''Style in History''<br> 
-[[Richard Gilman]], ''The Making of Modern Drama: A Study of Büchner, Ibsen, Strindberg, Chekhov, Pirandello, Brecht, Beckett, Handke''<br> 
-[[Elizabeth Hardwick (writer)|Elizabeth Hardwick]], ''Seduction and Betrayal''<br> 
-[[Marjorie L. Hoover]], ''Meyerhold: The Art of Conscious Theater'' (bio [[Vsevolod Meyerhold]])<br> 
-[[H. W. Janson]], ''16 Studies'' (essays in [[Art History]])<br> 
-[[Eleanor Perényi]], ''Liszt: The Artist as Romantic Hero'' (bio [[Franz Liszt]])<br> 
-[[Oliver Strunk]], ''Essays on Music in the Western World'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || Biography || 
-<u>[[Richard B. Sewall]], ''The Life of [[Emily Dickinson]]''</u><br> 
-[[Richard Beeman]], ''[[Patrick Henry]]: A Biography''<br> 
-[[Michael Collins (astronaut)|Michael Collins]], ''[[Carrying the Fire: An Astronaut's Journeys]]''<br> 
-[[Ben Maddow]], ''[[Edward Weston]]: Fifty Years; The Definitive Volume of His Photographic Work''<br> 
-James R. Mellow, ''Charmed Circle: [[Gertrude Stein]] and Company''<br> 
-[[Francis Steegmuller]], ''"Your Isadora": The Love Story of [[Isadora Duncan]] & [[Edward Gordon Craig|Gordon Craig]]''<br> 
-[[Wallace Stegner]], ''The Uneasy Chair: A Biography of [[Bernard DeVoto]]''<br> 
-[[Richard M. Sudhalter]] and Philip R. Evans, ''Bix: Man and Legend'' (about [[Bix Beiderbecke]])<br> 
-[[Glenn Watkins]], ''Gesualdo: The Man and His Music'' (about [[Carlo Gesualdo]])<br> 
-James A. Weisheipl, ''Friar [[Thomas Aquinas|Thomas D'Aquino]]: his life, thought, and work'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Affairs|| 
-<u>[[Theodore Rosengarten]], ''All God's Dangers: The Life of Nate Shaw''</u> (see [[Ned Cobb]])<!-- (includes?) "autobiography" of an illiterate sharecropper --><br> 
-[[Raoul Berger]], ''Executive Privilege: A Constitutional Myth'' (about U.S. [[executive privilege]])<br> 
-[[Carl Bernstein]] and [[Bob Woodward]], ''[[All the President's Men]]''<br> 
-[[Robert Jean Campbell]], M.D., ''The Chasm: The Life and Death of a Great Experiment in Ghetto Education''<br> 
-[[Robert Caro]], ''[[The Power Broker: Robert Moses and the Fall of New York]]'' (bio [[Robert Moses]])<br> 
-[[Joe Eszterhas]], ''Charlie Simpson's Apocalypse'' (about the [[Harrisonville, Missouri#Charlie Simpson|Harrisonville shooting]])<br> 
-[[Middleton A. Harris]] with others, ''The Black Book'' ("printed scrapbook" of American "Negro historical materials"; uncredited editor [[Toni Morrison]])<!--  
- review by Warren Marr, The Crisis, Jun-Jul 1974 
-aka Spike Harris; quoted words 
- --><!--  
-* edited by Toni Morrison, she says, Black World 23, 1974 http://books.google.com/books?id=W_A-yA9f7f0C&pg=PA76&dq=middleton+harris+black+book&hl=en&sa=X&ei=Qt99T5SlIo7A9gSjrOihDQ&ved=0CGEQ6AEwBQ#v=onepage&q=middleton%20harris%20black%20book&f=false 
-as covered in Harold Bloom biography of Morrison 
-* "(compiled by Middleton Harris, edited by Toni Morrison)" now says Critical Companion to Toni Morrison By Carmen Gillespie 
-* our [[Toni Morrison]] simply lists it as one of her nonfiction books  
- --><br> 
-[[Andrew Levinson]], ''The Working Class Majority''<br> 
-[[Robert M. Pirsig]], ''[[Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance: An Inquiry into Values]]''<br> 
-[[Franz Schurmann]], ''The Logic of World Power: An Inquiry into the Origins, Currents, and Contradictions of World Politics''<br> 
-[[Rachel Scott (writer)|Rachel Scott]], ''Muscle and Blood''<br> 
-[[Studs Terkel]], ''[[Working (book)|Working]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || History || 
-<u>[[Bernard Bailyn]], ''The Ordeal of [[Thomas Hutchinson (governor)|Thomas Hutchinson]]''</u><br> 
-[[Paul Boyer (historian)|Paul Boyer]] and Stephen Nissenbaum, ''[[Salem witch trials|Salem Possessed]]: The Social Origins of Witchcraft''<br> 
-Robert Brentano, ''Rome Before [[Avignon Papacy|Avignon]]''<br> 
-[[Shelby Foote]], ''[[The Civil War: A Narrative]]''<br> 
-[[Eugene D. Genovese]], ''Roll, Jordan, Roll: The World the Slaves Made''<br> 
-[[John R. Gillis]], ''Youth and History: Tradition and Change in European Age Relations, 1750–Present''<br> 
-[[Erich S. Gruen]], ''[[The Last Generation of the Roman Republic]]''<br> 
-Christopher H. Johnson, ''Utopian Communism in France''<br> 
-Gerald H. Meaker, ''The [[Revolutionary Left (Spain)|Revolutionary Left]] in Spain''<br> 
-Edward Shorter and [[Charles Tilly]], ''Strikes in France, 1830–1968''<br> 
-Mira Wilkins, ''The Maturing of Multinational Enterprise''<br> 
-[[Peter H. Wood]], ''Black Majority: Negroes in Colonial South Carolina from 1670 through the [[Stono Rebellion]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffffdd 
- ||Philosophy and Religion || 
-<u>[[Robert Nozick]], ''[[Anarchy, State, and Utopia]]''</u><br> 
-[[Ian Barbour]], ''Myths, Models and Paradigms''<br> 
-[[Leonard E. Barrett]], ''Soul-Force: African Heritage in Afro-American Religion'' (about [[Afro-American religion]])<br> 
-[[John Murray Cuddihy]], ''The Ordeal of Civility: Freud, Marx, Lévi-Strauss and the Jewish Struggle with Modernity''<!-- about modernization of [[European Jews]] or [[shtetl]] people --><br> 
-[[Philip Garvin]] and [[Julia Welch]], ''Religious America'' (photos and text)<br> 
-[[Guenter Lewy]], ''Religion and Revolution'' (case studies)<br> 
-[[Barbara Myerhoff]], ''Peyote Hunt: The Sacred Journey of the Huichol Indians'' (about [[Huichol people#Peyote|Huichol use of peyote]])<br> 
-[[Jaroslav Pelikan]], ''The Spirit of Eastern Christendom 600–1700'' (about [[Eastern Christianity]])<br> 
-[[Rosemary Radford Ruether]], ''Faith and Fratricide: The Theological Roots of Anti-Semitism'' (about [[anti-Semitism]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||The Sciences || 
-Split award.<br/> 
-<u>[[Silvano Arieti]], ''[[Interpretation of Schizophrenia]]''</u><br> 
-<u>[[Lewis Thomas]], ''[[The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher]]''</u><ref group=lower-alpha name=thomas1975/><br> 
-[[Lewis Feuer]], ''Einstein and the Generation of Science''<br> 
-[[Howard E. Gruber]] and [[Paul H. Barrett]], ''Darwin on Man: A Psychological Study of Scientific Creativity''<br> 
-[[J. L. Heilbron]], ''H. G. J. Moseley: The Life and Letters of an English Physicist, 1887–1915'' (bio [[Henry Moseley]])<br> 
-[[Richard S. Lewis]], ''The Voyages of Apollo: The Exploration of the Moon'' (about [[Apollo program]])<br> 
-[[John McPhee]], ''The Curve of Binding Energy''<br> 
-[[Stanley Milgram]], ''[[Obedience to Authority: An Experimental View]]''<br> 
-[[Walter S. Sullivan]], ''Continents in Motion: The New Earth Debate'' (about [[Plate tectonics]])<br> 
-[[Dorothy B. Vitaliano]], ''Legends of the Earth: Their Geologic Origins'' (about [[Geomythology]]) 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1976''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffffdd|Arts and Letters ||bgcolor=ffffdd| 
-<u>[[Paul Fussell]], ''[[The Great War and Modern Memory]]''</u><br> 
-[[Lincoln Kirstein]], ''Njinsky Dancing'' (about [[Vaslav Nijinsky]])<br> 
-[[Lawrence L. Langer]], ''The Holocaust and the Literary Imagination''<br> 
-[[Robert Rosenblum]], ''Modern Painting and the Northern Romantic Tradition: Friedrich to Rothko'' (about [[Romantic painting]])<br> 
-[[Patricia Meyer Spacks]], ''The Female Imagination''<br> 
-[[Leo Steinberg]], ''Michelangelo's Last Paintings'' (about [[Michelangelo]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Affairs|| 
-<u>[[Michael J. Arlen]], ''[[Passage to Ararat]]''</u><br> 
-[[Richard Barnet]] and [[Ronald E. Muller]], ''Global Reach: The Power of the Multinational Corporations'' (about [[multinational corporation]]s)<br> 
-[[Peter L. Berger]], ''Pyramids of Sacrifice: Political Ethics and Social Change''<br> 
-[[John Kenneth Galbraith]], ''Money: Whence It Came, Where It Went'' (about [[Money]])<br> 
-[[W. Eugene Smith]] and [[Aileen M. Smith]], ''Minamata'' (exposé of [[Minimata disease]])<br> 
-[[Tim Wicker]], ''A Time to Die'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || History and <br>Biography || 
-<u>[[David Brion Davis]], ''The Problem of Slavery in the Age of Revolution, 1770–1823''</u><br> 
-[[Paul Horgan]], ''Lamy of Santa Fe'' (about [[Jean Baptiste Lamy]])<br> 
-[[R. W. B. Lewis]], ''Edith Wharton'' (about [[Edith Wharton]])<br> 
-[[Charles S. Maier]], ''Recasting Bourgeois Europe: Stabilization in France, Germany and Italy in the Decade after World War I''<br> 
-[[Edmund S. Morgan]], ''American Slavery, American Freedom''<br> 
-[[Richard Pipes]], ''Russia Under the [[Russian Empire|Old Regime]]''<br> 
-Frank R. Rossiter, ''[[Charles Ives]] and His America''<br> 
-[[Martin J. Sherwin]], ''A World Destroyed: [[Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki|Hiroshima]] and its Legacies'' 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1977''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffeeee|Biography and <br>Autobiography ||bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[W. A. Swanberg]], ''[[Norman Thomas]]: The Last Idealist''</u><br> 
-[[Peter Collier (political author)|Peter Collier]] and [[David Horowitz]], ''The Rockefellers: An American Dynasty''<br> 
-[[Anaïs Nin]], ''[[The Diary of Anaïs Nin]]: Volume VI 1955–1966''<br> 
-B. L. Reid, ''The Lives of [[Roger Casement]]''<br> 
-[[E. B. White]], ''Letters of E. B. White'' 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Thought|| 
-<u>[[Bruno Bettelheim]], ''[[The Uses of Enchantment|The Uses of Enchantment: The Meaning and Importance of Fairy Tales]]''</u><br> 
-[[Dorothy Dinnerstein]], ''The Mermaid and the Minotaur: Sexual Arrangements and Human Malaise''<!-- about consequences of female childrearing --><br> 
-[[Joseph Frank (writer)|Joseph Frank]], ''Dostoyevsky: A Writer in His Time'' (about [[Fyodor Dostoyevsky]])<br> 
-[[Ada Louise Huxtable]], ''Kicked a Building Lately?''<br> 
-[[Rufus E. Miles, Jr.]], ''Awakening from the American Dream'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || History || 
-<u>[[Irving Howe]], ''World of Our Fathers: the journey of the East European Jews to America and the life they found and made''</u><br> 
-Lawrence Goodwyn, ''Democratic Promise: The [[People's Party (United States)|Populist]] Moment in America''<br> 
-[[Linda Gordon]], ''Woman's Body, Woman's Right: The History of [[Birth Control]] in America''<br> 
-[[Richard Kluger]], ''Simple Justice: The History of [[Brown v. Board of Education]] and Black America's Struggle for Equality''<br> 
-Joshua C. Taylor, ''America as Art'' 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1978''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffeeee|Biography and <br>Autobiography ||bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[W. Jackson Bate]], ''Samuel Johnson''</u> (about [[Samuel Johnson]])<br> 
-[[James Atlas]], ''[[Delmore Schwartz]]: The Life of an American Poet''<br> 
-[[Will D. Campbell]], ''Brother to a Dragonfly'' (autobiographical)<br> 
-[[Will Durant]] and [[Ariel Durant]], ''A Dual Autobiography''<br> 
-[[Frank Vandiver]], ''Black Jack: The Life and Times of [[John J. Pershing]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Thought|| 
-<u>[[Gloria Emerson]], ''[[Winners and Losers]]''</u><!-- not[[Winners & Losers]]--><br> 
-[[Kai T. Erikson]], ''Everything in Its Path: Destruction of Community in the Buffalo Creek Flood'' (about the [[Buffalo Creek Flood]])<br> 
-[[Michael Harrington]], ''The Vast Majority''<br> 
-[[Louise Kapp Howe]], ''Pink Collar Workers'' (about [[pink-collar worker]]s)<br> 
-[[Julian Jaynes]], ''[[The Origin of Consciousness in the Breakdown of the Bicameral Mind]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || History || 
-<u>[[David McCullough]], ''[[The Path Between the Seas|The Path Between the Seas: The Creation of the Panama Canal 1870–1914]]''</u><br> 
-[[Henry Steele Commager]], ''The Empire of Reason: How Europe Imagined and America Realized [[Age of Enlightenment|the Enlightenment]]''<br> 
-[[Robert J. Donovan]], ''Conflict and Crisis: The Presidency of [[Harry S. Truman]], 1945–48''<br> 
-Joseph Kastner, ''A Species of Eternity'' ([[Natural history]] in the [[New World]])<br> 
-[[Fritz Stern]], ''Gold and Iron'' ([[Gerson Bleichröder|Bleichröder]] and [[Otto von Bismarck|Bismarck]]) 
- 
-|- 
- |rowspan=3 valign=Top|'''1979''' 
-<br>(3) 
- |bgcolor=ffeeee|Biography and <br>Autobiography ||bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.]], ''[[Robert F. Kennedy|Robert Kennedy]] and His Times''</u><!-- our article is about the film --><br> 
-[[Donald Hall]], ''Remembering Poets'' (biographical memoir)<br> 
-[[William Manchester]], ''[[American Caesar|American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur]]''<br> 
-William M. Murphy, ''Prodigal Father: The Life of [[John Butler Yeats]]''<br> 
-Phyllis Rose, ''Woman of Letters: A Life of [[Virginia Woolf]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Contemporary Thought|| 
-<u>[[Peter Matthiessen]], ''[[The Snow Leopard]]''</u><br> 
-[[Kenneth E. Boulding]], ''Stable Peace'' (see [[Peace science]])<br> 
-[[Ivan Doig]], ''This House of Sky: Landscapes of the Western Wind'' (memoir)<br> 
-[[Alfred Kazin]], ''New York Jew''<br> 
-[[Meyer Schapiro]], ''Modern Art: 19th and 20th Centuries'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- || History || 
-<u>[[Richard Beale Davis]], ''Intellectual Life in the Colonial South, 1585–1763''</u><br> 
-[[Reinhard Bendix]], ''Kings or People: Power and the Mandate to Rule''<br> 
-[[Gordon A. Craig]], ''Germany, 1866–1945''<br> 
-[[John H. White, Jr. 1933-]], ''The American Railroad Passenger Car'' (John Hopkins Studies in the History of Technology)<br> 
-[[Garry Wills]], ''Inventing America: Jefferson's Declaration of Independence'' 
-|- 
-|} 
- 
-From 1980 to 1983 there were dual awards for hardcover (hc) and paperback (ppb) books in all nonfiction subcategories and some others. Most of the paperback award winners were second and later editions that had been previously eligible in their first editions. Here the first edition publication year is given parenthetically except the calendar year preceding the award is represented by "(new)".<ref group=lower-alpha>{{anchor|new}} 
-"(new)" implies that the book was not previously eligible for a National Book Award. It does not imply a [[paperback original]] or first publication in simultaneous hard and paper editions. There may have been a first hardcover edition earlier and award-winning paperback edition later in the calendar year.<br/> 
-• No book was a finalist for hardcover and paperback awards in the same year.</ref> 
- 
-{| class=wikitable 
-|+Nonfiction subcategories, 1980 to 1983<ref name=nba1980s/> 
-! Award category || <u>Winner</u> and other finalists 
-|- 
- |colspan=2| '''1980''' (16 categories) 
-|-  
- | bgcolor=ffeeee|Autobiography (hc) || bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[Lauren Bacall]], ''Lauren Bacall by Myself''</u><br> 
-[[Barbara Gordon]], ''I'm Dancing As Fast As I Can''<!-- our article is about the film --> ([[Valium]] addiction)<br> 
-[[John Houseman]], ''Front and Center'' (memoir, second of 3)<br> 
-[[William Saroyan]], ''Obituaries'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||Autobiography (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Malcolm Cowley]], ''And I Worked at the Writer's Trade: Chapters of Literary History 1918–1978''</u> (1978) 
- 
-No other finalists announced. 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||Biography (hc) || 
-<u>[[Edmund Morris (writer)|Edmund Morris]], ''The Rise of [[Theodore Roosevelt]]''</u><br> 
-Millicent Bell, ''Marquand: An American Life'' (about [[John P. Marquand]])<br> 
-[[Leon Edel]], ''[[Bloomsbury Group|Bloomsbury]]: A House of Lions''<br> 
-[[Ernest Samuels]], ''[[Bernard Berenson]]: The Making of a Connoisseur'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||Biography (ppb) || 
-<u>[[A. Scott Berg]], ''[[Max Perkins]]: Editor of Genius''</u> (1978)<br> 
-[[W. Jackson Bate]], ''Samuel Johnson'' (about [[Samuel Johnson]]) (1977) <br> 
-[[William Manchester]], ''[[American Caesar|American Caesar: Douglas MacArthur, 1880–1964]]'' (1978)<br> 
-[[Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.|Arthur Schlesinger]], ''[[Robert F. Kennedy|Robert Kennedy]] and His Times''<!-- our article is about the film --> (1978) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeff 
- ||Current Interest (hc) || 
-<u>[[Julia Child]], ''Julia Child and More Company''</u><br> 
-Raymond Lifchez and Barbara Winslow, ''Design for [[Independent Living]]: The Environment and Physically Disabled People''<br> 
-Gay Gaer Luce, ''Your Second Life: Vitality and Growth in Middle and Later Years from the Experiences of the Sage Program''<br> 
-[[Nathan Pritikin]] with [[Patrick M. McGrady]], ''[[The Pritikin Program for Diet and Exercise]]'' ("The Pritikin Diet")<br> 
-[[Robert Ellis Smith]], ''Privacy: How to Protect What's Left of It'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ddddee 
- ||Current Interest (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Christopher Lasch]], ''[[The Culture of Narcissism|The Culture of Narcissism: American Life in an Age of Diminishing Expectations]]''</u> (new)<br> 
-Frances Wells Burck, ''Babysense: A Practical and Supportive Guide to Baby Care'' (new)<br> 
-Farallones Institute, ''The [[Integral Urban House]]: Self-Reliant Living in the City'' (see [[Sim Van der Ryn]]) (new)<br> 
-Tracy Hotchner, ''Pregnancy and Childbirth: The Complete Guide for a New Life'' (new)<br> 
-[[Calvin Trillin]], ''Alice, Let's Eat: Further Adventures of a Happy Eater'' (1978) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||General Nonfiction (hc) || 
-<u>[[Tom Wolfe]], ''[[The Right Stuff (book)|The Right Stuff]]''</u><br> 
-[[Frances FitzGerald (journalist)|Frances FitzGerald]], ''America Revised'' (about [[History#Teaching history|history textbooks]])<br> 
-[[David Halberstam]], ''[[The Powers That Be (book)|The Powers That Be]]'' (about [[news media]])<br> 
-[[Frederic Morton]], ''A Nervous Splendor: Vienna, 1888–1889'' (see [[Austrian culture]], [[Mayerling Incident]])<br> 
-[[Thomas Powers]], ''The Man Who Kept the Secrets: [[Richard Helms]] and the CIA'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||General Nonfiction (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Peter Matthiessen]], ''[[The Snow Leopard]]''</u> (1978)<br> 
-[[Sissela Bok]], ''Lying: Moral Choice in Public and Private Life'' (1978)<br> 
-[[Barry Lopez]], ''Of Wolves and Men'' (1978) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=  
- ||General Reference (hardcover)<ref name=nyt1980> 
-"Styron and Wolfe Lead Book-Award Winners /Miss Welty Wins National Medal /Counterceremonies on West Side", Herbert Mitgang, ''The New York Times'', May 2, 1980, p. C25. <br/>(The National Book Foundation online listing for this category is corrupt.)</ref> || bgcolor= | 
-<u>[[Elder Witt]], editor, ''[[Congressional Quarterly]]'s Guide to the U.S. Supreme Court''</u><br> 
-[[Frederic M. Kaplan]], [[Julian M. Sopin]] and [[Stephen Andors]], eds., ''Encyclopedia of China Today''<br> 
-[[Bernard Karpel]], ''Arts in America: A Bibliography''<br> 
-[[J. Gordon Melton]], ''The Encyclopedia of American Religions'', Vols. I & II<br> 
-[[Carolyn Sue Peterson]] and [[Ann D. Fenton]], eds., ''Index to Children's Songs'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeeee 
- ||General Reference (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Tim Brooks (television historian)|Tim Brooks]] and [[Earle Marsh]], ''[[The Complete Directory to Prime Time Network and Cable TV Shows 1946–Present]]''</u> (new)<br> 
-[[Cynthia W. Cooke]], M.D., and [[Susan Dworkin]], ''The Ms. Guide to a Woman's Health'' (new)<br> 
-Editors of [[''Solar Age'' magazine]], ''The Solar Age Resource Book'' (new)<br> 
-[[Stuart Berg Flexner]], ''I Hear America Talking: An Illustrated History of American Words and Phrases'' (1976)<br> 
-[[Elisabeth L. Scharlatt]], editor, ''Kids: Day In and Day Out: a parents' manual'' (new) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History (hc) || 
-<u>[[Henry A. Kissinger]], ''The White House Years''</u> (memoir, first of 3)<br> 
-[[Robert Dallek]], ''[[Franklin D. Roosevelt]] and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945''<br> 
-[[George F. Kennan]], ''Decline of [[Otto von Bismarck|Bismarck]]'s European Order: Franco-Russian Relations, 1875–1890''<br> 
-Frank E. Manuel and Fritzie P. Manuel, ''[[Utopia|Utopian Thought]] in the Western World''<br> 
-[[Telford Taylor]], ''[[Munich Agreement|Munich]]: The Price of Peace'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||History (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Barbara W. Tuchman]], ''[[A Distant Mirror|A Distant Mirror: The Calamitous 14th Century]]''</u> (1978)<br> 
-[[James Lincoln Collier]], ''The Making of [[Jazz]]: A Comprehensive History'' (1978)<br> 
-[[Daniel J. Kevles]], ''The Physicists: The History of a Scientific Community in Modern America'' (1978)<br> 
-[[Allen Weinstein]], ''[[Perjury: The Hiss–Chambers Case]]'' (1978)<br> 
-[[Theodore H. White]], ''In Search of History: A Personal Adventure'' (1978) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffffdd 
- ||Religion/Inspiration (hc) || 
-<u>[[Elaine Pagels]], ''The Gnostic Gospels''</u> (about [[Gnostic Gospels]])<br>  
-[[Peter L. Berger]], ''The Heretical Imperative: Contemporary Possibilities of Religious Affirmation''<br> 
-[[Brevard S. Childs]], ''Introduction to the Old Testament as Scripture'' ([[canonical criticism]])<br> 
-[[Peter Kreeft]], ''Love Is Stronger Than Death''<br> 
-[[Jack Rogers (clergy)|Jack B. Rogers]] and Donald K. McKim, ''The Authority and Interpretation of the Bible: An Historical Approach'' (about [[Biblical authority]]) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeeedd 
- ||Religion/Inspiration (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Sheldon Vanauken]], ''[[A Severe Mercy]]''</u> (1977)<br> 
-[[Richard Bach]], ''[[Illusions: The Adventures of a Reluctant Messiah]]'' (mystical novel) (1977)<br> 
-[[Catherine Marshall]], ''The Helper'' (about the [[Holy Ghost]]) (1978) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science (hc) || 
-<u>[[Douglas Hofstadter]], ''[[Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid]]''</u><br> 
-[[Freeman Dyson]], ''Disturbing the Universe''<br> 
-Douglas Faulkner and Richard Chesher, ''Living Corals''<br> 
-[[Bernd Heinrich]], ''Bumblebee Economics''<br> 
-[[Horace Freeland Judson]], ''The Eighth Day of Creation: Makers of the Revolution in Biology'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ddeeee 
- ||Science (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Gary Zukav]], '' [[The Dancing Wu Li Masters|The Dancing Wu Li Masters: An Overview of the New Physics]]''</u> (new)<br> 
-William J. Kaufmann<!-- not nuclear strategist [[William Kaufmann]] -->, ''Black Holes and Warped Spacetime'' (new)<br> 
-[[Thomas S. Kuhn]], ''The Essential Tension: Selected Studies in Scientific Tradition and Change'' (1977)<br> 
-Anne W. Simon<!-- not Dr. [[Anne Simon]] -->, ''The Thin Edge: Coast and Man in Crisis'' (1978) 
- 
-|- 
- |colspan=2| '''1981''' (8 categories) 
-|- 
- | bgcolor=ffeeee|Autobiography/ <br>Biography (hc) || bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[Justin Kaplan]], ''[[Walt Whitman]]: A Life''</u><br> 
-[[Robert K. Massie]], ''[[Peter the Great: His Life and World]]''<br> 
-James R. Mellow, ''[[Nathaniel Hawthorne]] in His Times''<br> 
-Peter Štanský and William Abrahams, ''Orwell: The Transformation'' (second volume on [[George Orwell]])<br> 
-[[Ronald Steel]], ''[[Walter Lippman]] and the [[American Century]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||Autobiography/ <br>Biography (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Deirdre Bair]], ''[[Samuel Beckett]]: A Biography''</u> (1978)<br> 
-[[E. K. Brown]], ''[[Willa Cather]]: A Critical Biography'' (1953)<br> 
-[[Leon Edel]], ''[[Bloomsbury Group|Bloomsbury]]: A House of Lions'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Maureen Howard]], ''Facts of Life'' (autobiography) (1978)<br> 
-[[Meryle Secrest]], ''Being [[Bernard Berenson]]'' (1979) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||General Nonfiction (hc) || 
-<u>[[Maxine Hong Kingston]], ''[[China Men]]''</u><ref group=lower-alpha> 
-Wikipedia puts the book in genres "short-story cycle; historical fiction" and calls it a novel in her biography.</ref><br> 
-[[Malcolm Cowley]], ''The Dream of the Golden Mountains: Remembering the 1930s'' (autobiography)<br> 
-[[John Graves (author)|John Graves]], ''From a Limestone Ledge'' (''[[Texas Monthly]]'' essays)<br> 
-[[Victor S. Navasky]], ''Naming Names'' (see [[Hollywood blacklist]])<br> 
-[[Studs Terkel]], ''American Dreams: Lost and Found'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||General Nonfiction (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Jane Kramer]], ''The Last Cowboy: Europeans and The Politics of Memory''</u> (1977)<br> 
-[[Joan Didion]], ''[[The White Album (book)|The White Album]]'' (1979)<br> 
-[[David Halberstam]], ''The Powers That Be'' (about news media) (1979)<br> 
-Dan Morgan<!-- none of [[Daniel Morgan (disambiguation)]] -->, ''Merchants of Grain: The Power and Profits of the Five Giant Companies at the Center of the World's Food Supply'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Paul Theroux]], ''[[The Old Patagonian Express]]'' (travel memoir) (1979) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History (hc) || 
-<u>[[John Boswell]], ''Christianity, Social Tolerance and Homosexuality''</u><br>  
-[[James H. Billington]], ''[[Fire in the Minds of Men: Origins of the Revolutionary Faith]]''<br> 
-[[Steven Ozment]], ''The Age of Reform, 1250–1550: An Intellectual and Religious History of Late Medieval and Reformation Europe''<br> 
-[[Carl E. Schorske]], ''[[Fin-de-siècle Vienna|Fin-de-Siècle Vienna:Politics and Culture]]''<br> 
-[[Page Smith]], ''The Shaping of America: A [[People's History]] of the Young Republic'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||History (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Leon F. Litwack]], ''Been in the Storm So Long: The Aftermath of Slavery''</u> (1979)<br> 
-[[Richard Drinnon]], ''The Metaphysics of Indian-Hating and Empire-Building'' (1980)<br> 
-[[A. Leon Higginbotham, Jr.]], ''In the Matter of Color: The Colonial Period'' (1978)<br> 
-[[Telford Taylor]], ''[[Munich Agreement|Munich]]: The Price of Peace'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Howard Zinn]], ''[[A People's History of the United States]]'' (new) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science (hc) || 
-<u>[[Stephen Jay Gould]], ''[[The Panda's Thumb (book)|The Panda's Thumb: More Reflections on Natural History]]''</u><br> 
-Claude C. Albritton, ''The Abyss of Time: Changing Conceptions of the Earth’s Antiquity after the Sixteenth Century''<br> 
-[[René Dubos]], ''The Wooing of Earth''<br> 
-[[Timothy Ferris]], ''Galaxies''<br> 
-[[Carl Sagan]], ''[[Cosmos (book)|Cosmos]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ddeeee 
- ||Science (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Lewis Thomas]], ''The Medusa and the Snail: More Notes of a Biology Watcher''</u> (1979)<br> 
-[[Carl Sagan]], ''[[Broca's Brain: Reflections on the Romance of Science]]'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Joseph Silk]], ''The Big Bang: The Creation and Evolution of the Universe'' (new)<br> 
-[[Walter S. Sullivan|Walter Sullivan]], ''Black Holes: the Edge of the Space, the End of Time'' (1979) 
- 
-|- 
- |colspan=2| '''1982''' (8 categories) 
-|- 
- | bgcolor=ffeeee|Autobiography/ <br>Biography (hc) || bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[David McCullough]], ''[[Mornings on Horseback]]''</u> (about [[Theodore Roosevelt]])<br> 
-Gay Wilson Allen, ''[[Ralph Waldo Emerson|Waldo Emerson]]: A Biography''<br> 
-[[Dumas Malone]], ''[[Thomas Jefferson|Jefferson]] and His Time: The Sage of Monticello'' (last of 6 vols.)<br> 
-[[William S. McFeely]], ''Grant: A Biography'' (about [[Ulysses S. Grant]])<br> 
-Milton Rugoff, ''[[Beecher family|The Beechers]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||Autobiography/ <br>Biography (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Ronald Steel]], ''[[Walter Lippmann]] and the American Century''</u> (1980)<br> 
-[[Joseph P. Lash]], ''Helen and Teacher: The Story of [[Helen Keller]] and [[Anne Sullivan]] Macy'' (1980)<br> 
-[[Robert K. Massie]], ''[[Peter the Great: His Life and World]]'' (1980)<br> 
-[[Ted Morgan (writer)|Ted Morgan]], ''Maugham'' (about [[W. Somerset Maugham]]) (1980) <br> 
-[[Ernest Samuels]], ''[[Bernard Berenson]]: The Making of a Connoisseur'' (1979) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||General Nonfiction (hc) || 
-<u>[[Tracy Kidder]], ''[[The Soul of a New Machine]]''</u><br> 
-[[Guy Davenport]], ''The Geography of the Imagination: Forty Essays''<br> 
-[[James Fallows]], ''National Defense''<br> 
-[[Janet Malcolm]], ''[[Psychoanalysis]]: The Impossible Profession''<br> 
-[[Andrea Lee]], ''Russian Journal'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||General Nonfiction (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Victor S. Navasky]], ''Naming Names''</u> (1980) (see [[Hollywood blacklist]])<br> 
-[[Norman Cousins]], ''Anatomy of an Illness As Perceived by the Patient: Reflections on Healing'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Edward Hoagland]], ''African Calliope: A Journey to the [[Sudan]]'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Landon Jones]], ''Great Expectations: America and the [[Baby boomer|Baby Boom Generation]]'' (1980)<br> 
-Barbara Novak, ''Nature and Culture: American [[Landscape art|Landscape Painting]], 1825–1875'' (1980) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History (hc) || 
-<u>[[Peter J. Powell]], ''People of the Sacred Mountain: A History of the Northern Cheyenne Chiefs and Warrior Societies, 1830–1879''</u><br> 
-[[Ray Huang]], ''[[1587, a Year of No Significance|1587, a Year of No Significance: The Ming Dynasty in Decline]]''<br> 
-[[Donald Neff]], ''Warriors at Suez: Eisenhower Takes America into the Middle East'' (see [[Suez Crisis]])<br> 
-[[Russell F. Weigley]], ''Eisenhower's Lieutenants: The Campaign of France and Germany, 1944–1945''<br> 
-[[C. Vann Woodward]], editor, ''[[Mary Chestnut]]'s Civil War'' (diary revised by Chestnut) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||History (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Robert Wohl]], ''The Generation of 1914''</u> (see [[Lost Generation]]) (1979)<br> 
-[[Malcolm Cowley]], ''The Dream of the Golden Mountains'' (1980)<br> 
-[[Robert Dallek]], ''Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945'' (1980)<br> 
-[[Carl N. Degler]], ''At Odds: Women and the Family in America from the Revolution to the Present'' (1980)<br> 
-[[Charles Rembar]], ''The Law of the Land: The Evolution of Our Legal System'' (1980) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science (hc) || 
-<u>[[Donald C. Johanson]] and [[Maitland A. Edey]], ''Lucy: The Beginnings of Humankind''</u><br> 
-Gene Bylinsky, ''Life in Darwin's Universe: Evolution and the Cosmos''<br> 
-[[Eric Chaisson]], ''Cosmic Dawn: The Origins of Matter and Life''<br> 
-[[Steven J. Gould]], ''[[The Mismeasure of Man]]''<br> 
-[[Steven M. Stanley]], ''The New Evolutionary Timetable: Fossils, Genes and the Origin of Species'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ddeeee 
- ||Science (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Fred Alan Wolf]], ''Taking the Quantum Leap: The New Physics for Nonscientists''</u> (new)<br> 
-[[Freeman Dyson]], ''Disturbing the Universe'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Howard E. Gruber]], ''Darwin on Man: A Psychological Study of Scientific Creativity'' (1974)<br> 
-[[Bernd Heinrich]], ''Bumblebee Economics'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Guy Murchie]], ''The Seven Mysteries of Life: An Exploration in Science & Philosophy'' (1979) 
- 
-|- 
- |colspan=2| '''1983''' (8 categories) 
-|- 
- | bgcolor=ffeeee|Autobiography/ <br>Biography (hc) || bgcolor=ffeeee| 
-<u>[[Judith Thurman]], ''[[Isak Dinesen]]: The Life of a Storyteller''</u><br> 
-[[Russell Baker]], ''[[Growing Up (memoir)|Growing Up]]'' (first of two)<br> 
-[[Robert A. Caro]], ''The Years of [[Lyndon Johnson]]: The Path to Power'' (first of 3 vols.)<br> 
-[[Robert J. Donovan]], ''Tumultuous Years: The Presidency of [[Harry S. Truman]], 1949–1953''<br> 
-[[Lewis Mumford]], ''Sketches from Life: The Autobiography of Lewis Mumford: The Early Years'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||Autobiography/ <br>Biography (ppb) || 
-<u>[[James R. Mellow]], ''[[Nathaniel Hawthorne]] in His Times''</u> (1980)<br> 
-[[Dumas Malone]], ''[[Thomas Jefferson|Jefferson]] and His Time: The Sage of Monticello'' (last of 6 vols.) (1981)<br> 
-[[Paul Mariani]], ''[[William Carlos Williams]]: A New World Naked'' (1981)<br> 
-[[William S. McFeely]], ''Grant: A Biography'' (about [[Ulysses S. Grant]]) (1981)<br> 
-[[Jean Strouse]], ''[[Alice James]]: A Biography'' (1980) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||General Nonfiction (hc) || 
-<u>[[Fox Butterfield]], ''China: Alive in the Bitter Sea''</u><br> 
-[[George F. Kennan]], ''The Nuclear Delusion: [[Soviet Union–United States relations|Soviet-American Relations]] in the Atomic Age''<br> 
-David McClintock, ''Indecent Exposure: A True Story of Hollywood and Wall Street'' (about the [[David Begelman#Embezzlement scandal|Begelman affair]])<br> 
-[[Jonathan Schell]], ''[[The Fate of the Earth]]''<br> 
-[[Susan Sheehan]], ''[[Is There No Place on Earth for Me?]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||General Nonfiction (ppb) || 
-<u>[[James Fallows]], ''National Defense''</u> (1981)<br> 
-Edwin R. Bayley, ''[[Joseph McCarthy|Joe McCarthy]] and the Press'' (1981)<br> 
-[[Paul Fussell]], ''Abroad: British Literary Traveling [[Interwar period|Between the Wars]]'' (1980)<br> 
-[[Al Santoli]], ''Everything We Had: An Oral History of the [[Role of the United States in the Vietnam War|Vietnam War]]'' (1981)<br> 
-Joanna Stratton, ''[[American pioneer|Pioneer]] Women: Voices from the Kansas Frontier'' (new) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ffeeee 
- ||History (hc) || 
-<u>[[Alan Brinkley]], ''Voices of Protest: [[Huey Long]], [[Father Coughlin]] and the [[Great Depression in the United States|Great Depression]]''</u><br> 
-[[Gordon A. Craig]], ''The Germans''<br> 
-[[Robert Darnton]], ''The Literary Underground of the [[Ancien Régime|Old Regime]]''<br> 
-[[John Putnam Demos]], ''Entertaining Satan: Witchcraft and the Culture of Early New England'' (see [[Salem witch trials]])<br> 
-[[William Hardy McNeill|William H. McNeill]], ''The Pursuit of Power: Technology, Armed Force and Society Since A.D. 1000''<br> 
-[[Bertram Wyatt-Brown]], ''Southern Honor: Ethics and Behavior in the [[Old South]]'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eedddd 
- ||History (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Frank E. Manuel]] and [[Fritzie P. Manuel]], ''[[Utopia|Utopian Thought]] in the Western World''</u> (1979)<br> 
-[[George M. Fredrickson]], ''[[White Supremacy]]: A Comparative Study in American and South African History'' (1981)<br> 
-[[Ray Huang]], ''[[1587, a Year of No Significance: The Ming Dynasty in Decline]]'' (1981)<br> 
-[[John Noble Wilford]], ''The Mapmakers'' (about [[cartography]]) (1981) 
- 
-|- bgcolor=eeffff 
- ||Science (hc) || 
-<u>[[Abraham Pais]], ''"Subtle is the Lord ...": The Science and Life of [[Albert Einstein]]''</u><br> 
-Philip J. Hilts, ''Scientific Temperaments: Three Lives in Contemporary Science'' (bio [[Robert R. Wilson]], [[Mark Ptashne]], [[John McCarthy (computer scientist)|John McCarthy]])<br> 
-[[Melvin Konner]], ''The Tangled Wing: Biological Constraints on the Human Spirit''<br> 
-[[Ernst Mayr]], ''The Growth of Biological Thought: Diversity, Evolution and Inheritance''<br> 
-[[Heinz R. Pagels]], ''Cosmic Code: Quantum Physics as the Language of Nature'' 
- 
-|- bgcolor=ddeeee 
- ||Science (ppb) || 
-<u>[[Philip J. Davis]] and [[Reuben Hersh]], ''[[The Mathematical Experience]]''</u> (1981)<br> 
-[[Morris Kline]], ''[[Mathematics: The Loss of Certainty]]'' (1980)<br> 
-[[Cynthia Moss]], ''Portrait in the Wild: Animal Behavior in the Western World'' (1979)<br> 
-[[Berton Roueché]], ''The Medical Detectives'' (1980)<br> 
-[[G. Ledyard Stebbins]], ''Darwin to DNA: Molecules to Humanity'' (new) 
- 
-|} 
- 
-[[#Nonfiction, 1984 to date|Nonfiction finalists, 1984 to date]] 
- 
-===1983/1984=== 
-<!-- 2012-04-30 leftovers that need incorporation in historical narrative 
- --> 
- 
-1983 entries were published during 1982, the pattern established for 1949 books in 1950. Winners in 27 categories were announced April 13 and privately celebrated April 28, 1983.<ref name=nyt1983> 
-"American Book Awards Announced". Edwin McDowell. ''The New York Times'' 1983-04-14, page C30.</ref> 
- 
-The awards practically went out of business that spring. Their salvation with a reduced program to be determined was announced in November. The revamp was completed only next summer, with an autumn program recognizing books published during the award year (initially, preceding November to current October). There were no awards for books published in 1983 before November. 
-  
-By this time the awards were sponsored by the book publishers alone. From 1980 (for 1979 books) they were termed "American Book Awards", and the National Book Awards were considered to have been discontinued after 1979.<ref name=nyt1983/> 
- 
-1984 entries for the "revamped" awards in merely three categories were published November 1983 to October 1984; that is, approximately during the award year. Eleven finalists were announced October 17.<ref name=nyt1984a> 
-"11 Nominated for American Book Awards". By Edwin McDowell. ''The New York Times'' 1984-10-18, page C25.</ref> 
-Winners were announced and celebrated November 15, 1984.<ref> 
-"Three Writers Win Book Awards". ''The New York Times'' 1984-11-16, page C32.</ref> 
- 
-===Nonfiction, 1950 to 1963=== 
- 
-'''1963''': '''[[Leon Edel]], ''Henry James'', volumes II and III''' &nbsp;(biography of [[Henry James]]) 
-* 8 other finalists.<ref name=nba1960s> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1960 "National Book Awards – 1960"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-02-06. (Select 1960 to 1969 from the top left menu.)</ref> 
- 
-'''1962''': '''[[Lewis Mumford]], ''The City in History: Its Origins, its Transformations and its Prospects'' 
-* 12 other finalists.<ref name=nba1960s/> 
- 
-'''1961''': '''[[William L. Shirer]], ''[[The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich]]'' 
-* 11 other finalists.<ref name=nba1960s/> 
- 
-'''1960''': '''[[Richard Ellmann]], ''James Joyce''''' &nbsp;(biography of [[James Joyce]]) 
-* 28 other finalists.<ref name=nba1960s/> 
- 
-'''1959''': '''[[J. Christopher Herold]], ''Mistress to an Age: A Life of [[Madame de Staël]]'' 
-* 12 other finalists.<ref name=nba1950s> 
-[http://www.nationalbook.org/nba1950 "National Book Awards – 1950"]. NBF. Retrieved 2012-02-06. (Select 1950 to 1959 from the top left menu.)</ref> 
- 
-'''1958''': '''[[Catherine Drinker Bowen]], ''The Lion and the Throne''''' &nbsp;(see [[Edward Coke]]) 
-* 13 other finalists.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1957''': '''[[George F. Kennan]], ''[[Russia Leaves the War]]'' 
-* 17 other finalists.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1956''': '''[[Herbert Kubly]], ''An American in Italy''  
-* 12 other finalists.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1955''': '''[[Joseph Wood Krutch]], ''The Measure of Man'' 
-* 11 other finalists.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1954''': '''[[Bruce Catton]], ''[[A Stillness at Appomattox]]'' 
-* No runners up.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1953''': '''[[Bernard De Voto]], ''The Course of Empire''<!-- not [[The Course of Empire]] series of paintings --> 
-* 20 other finalists.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1952''': '''[[Rachel Carson]], ''[[The Sea Around Us]]'' 
-* 16 other finalists.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1951''': '''[[Newton Arvin]], ''Herman Melville''''' &nbsp;(biography of [[Herman Melville]]) 
-* No runners up.<ref name=nba1950s/> 
- 
-'''1950.''' The first awards in the current series were presented to the best books of 1949 at the annual convention dinner of the booksellers, book publishers, and book manufacturers in New York City, March 16, 1950. There were honorable mentions ("special citations") in the non-fiction category only.<ref> 
-"Book Publishers Make 3 Awards: Nelson Algren, Dr. Ralph L. Rusk and Dr. W. C. Williams Receive Gold Plaques", ''The New York Times'' 1950-03-17, page 21.</ref> 
- 
-'''1950''':<ref name=nba1950s/> '''[[Ralph L. Rusk]], ''The Life of Ralph Waldo Emerson''''' &nbsp;(biography of [[Ralph Waldo Emerson]]) 
-*[[Lincoln Barnett]], ''The Universe and Dr. Einstein''<!-- our article gives 1948 publication date 
- --> 
-*[[Harry Allen Overstreet]], ''The Mature Mind'' 
-<!-- NYTimes notice of the first paperback edition (1984) http://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/29/books/new-and-noteworthy.html "an early popularization of modern psychology and sociology" 
- --> 
-*[[Eleanor Roosevelt]], ''This I Remember'' (memoir) 
-*[[Lillian Smith (author)|Lillian Smith]], ''Killers of the Dream'' 
-*[[Kenneth P. Williams]], ''Lincoln Finds a General'' [Volume 1] 
- 
-{{anchor|Early awards for nonfiction}} 
- 
-===Early awards won by nonfiction books=== 
- 
-The National Book Awards for 1935 to 1940 annually recognized the "most distinguished" or "favorite" book of General Nonfiction or simply Nonfiction. In 1935 and 1936 there was distinct award to the most distinguished Biography; both winners were autobiographies. Meanwhile, four of the six general nonfiction winners were autobiographical and one more was a biography. Furthermore, all books were eligible for the "Bookseller Discovery" and "Most Original Book" (two awards); nonfiction winners are listed here. In 1937 and 1939 alone, the ''New York Times'' reported close seconds and runners up respectively.<ref name=nyt1936/><ref name=nyt1937/><ref name=nyt1938/><ref name=nyt1939/><ref name=nyt1940/><ref name=nyt1941/> 
- 
-There was only one National Book Award for 1941, the Bookseller Discovery, which recognized a novel;<ref name=nyt1942> 
-"Neglected Author Gets High Honor: 1941 Book Award Presented to George Perry for ''Hold Autumn In Your Hand''", ''The New York Times'' 1942-02-11, page 18.</ref> then none until their 1950 revival for 1949 books in three categories including general Nonfiction. 
- 
-;Nonfiction 
-'''1935''':<ref name=nyt1936> 
-"Lewis is Scornful of Radio Culture: Nothing Ever Will Replace the Old-Fashioned Book, He Tells Booksellers", ''The New York Times'' 1936-05-12, page 25.</ref> '''[[Anne Morrow Lindbergh]], ''North to the Orient''''' (flight memoir) 
-:Biography: [[Vincent Sheean]], ''Personal History'' (autobiography) 
- 
-'''1936''':<ref name=nyt1937> 
-"5 Honors Awarded on the Year's Books: Authors of Preferred Volumes Hailed at Luncheon of Booksellers Group", ''The New York Times'' 1937-02-26, page 23.</ref> '''[[Van Wyck Brooks]], ''The Flowering of New England: 1815–1865''''' 
-:Biography: [[Victor Heiser]] (see [[Leprosy#Chaulmoogra oil|Leprosy]]), ''An American Doctor's Odyssey: Adventures in Forty-Five Countries''<ref> 
-[http://www.amazon.com/American-Doctors-Odyssey-Adventures-Forty-Five/dp/0393073319 ''An American Doctor's Odyssey: Adventures in Forty-Five Countries'']. Amazon.com product information, 1936 first edition with subtitle. Retrieved 2012-01-30.</ref><ref> 
-[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1562849/ ''An American Doctor's Odyssey'']. Review by Mazÿck P. Ravenel. ''American Journal of Public Health and the Nation's Health''. 1936 October; 26(10): 1045–47. Reprint at NIH.gov. Retrieved 2012-01-30.</ref> (autobiography) 
- 
-'''1937''':<ref name=nyt1938> 
-"Booksellers Give Prize to 'Citadel': Cronin's Work About Doctors Their Favorite--'Mme. Curie' Gets Non-Fiction Award TWO OTHERS WIN HONORS Fadiman Is 'Not Interested' in What Pulitzer Committee Thinks of Selections", ''The New York Times'' 1938-03-02, page 14.</ref> '''[[Ève Curie]], ''Madame Curie''''' (biography of [[Marie Curie]]) 
-:* [[Lin Yutang]], ''The Importance of Living''<!-- we say Chinese, 1935 immigrant, in US a "popularizer of Chinese philosophy and way of life" --><ref group=lower-alpha> 
-The other three of four runners-up listed in ''New York Times'' coverage of the awards for 1937 were works of fiction, and Nonfiction was one of four award categories, so it is appealing to call Lin Yutang, ''The Importance of Living'' runner up for the Nonfiction award.  
-<br>• That is not certain, for it does not match the NYT order of listing and mis-classification is possible. NYT lists four "close seconds" in order [[Conrad Richter]], ''[[Sea of Grass]]''; [[Kenneth Roberts (author)|Kenneth Roberts]], ''[[Northwest Passage (novel)|Northwest Passage]]''; Lin Yutang, ''The Importance of Living''; [Leo Rosten], ''The Education of Hyman Kaplan''. Meanwhile the four winners are identified by award category and listed in order Fiction, Nonfiction, Bookseller Discovery, Most Original. Both ''Sea of Grass'' and ''Northwest Passage'' are historical novels, which does not fit the second-listed category Nonfiction.<!-- relying on our articles and online bookseller blurbs --> ''The Importance of Living'' is nonfiction<!-- judging from our biography of [[Lin Yutang]] --> and also consistent with the third-listed winner, Bookseller Discovery. ''Hyman Kaplan'' is fiction and also consistent with the fourth-listed winner, Most Original.</ref> 
- 
-'''1938''':<ref name=nyt1939> 
-"Book About Plants Receives Award: Dr. Fairchild's 'Garden' Work Cited by Booksellers", ''The New York Times'' 1939-02-15, page 20.</ref> '''[[Anne Morrow Lindbergh]], ''Listen! The Wind''''' (flight memoir) 
- 
-'''1939''':<ref name=nyt1940> 
-"1939 Book Awards Given by Critics: Elgin Groseclose's 'Ararat' is Picked as Work Which Failed to Get Due Recognition", ''The New York Times'' 1940-02-14, page 25.</ref><ref name=1941a> 
-"French Flier Gets Book Prize for 1939: Antoine de St. Exupery Able at Last to Receive Award", ''The New York Times'' 1941-01-15, page 6.</ref> '''[[Antoine de Saint-Exupéry]], ''[[Wind, Sand and Stars]]''''' (flight memoir) 
-:* [[Pierre van Paassen]], ''Days of Our Years'' (autobiography) 
- 
-'''1940''':<ref name=nyt1941> 
-"Books and Authors", ''The New York Times'' 1941-02-16, page BR12.</ref> '''[[Hans Zinsser]], ''As I Remember Him: The Biography of R.S.''''' (autobiography) 
- 
-;Bookseller Discovery, 1936 to 1941 
-:Nonfiction books constituted two winners and no other known finalist (both were novels). 
-1936: see [[National Book Award for Fiction#Early awards for fiction|fiction]] 
- 
-1937: see [[National Book Award for Fiction#Early awards for fiction|fiction]] 
- 
-1938:<ref name=nyt1939/> '''[[David Fairchild]], ''The World Was My Garden: Travels of a Plant Explorer''''' 
- 
-1939: see [[National Book Award for Fiction#Early awards for fiction|fiction]] 
- 
-1940:<ref name=nyt1941/> '''[[Perry Burgess]], ''Who Walk Alone'''''<ref> 
-[http://www.amazon.com/gp/product/B0027C35G0/sr=1-2/qid=1327956326/ref=olp_product_details?ie=UTF8&me=&qid=1327956326&sr=1-2&seller= ''Who Walk Alone'']. Amazon.com product information with image of a Bookseller Discovery edition (37th printing). Retrieved 2012-01-30.</ref> (1942 subtitle, ''Life of a [[Leprosy|Leper]]'')<ref> 
-[http://www.amazon.com/Who-Walk-Alone-Life-Leper/dp/B0007JAGSU/ref=sr_1_3?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1327956326&sr=1-3 ''Who Walk Alone: The Life of a Leper'']. Amazon.com production information with 1942 subtitle. Retrieved 2012-01-30.</ref> 
- 
-1941: see [[National Book Award for Fiction#Early awards for fiction|fiction]] 
- 
-;Most Original Book, 1935 to 1939 
-:Nonfiction books constituted three winners and no other known finalist (both were novels). 
-1935: see [[National Book Award for Fiction#Early awards for fiction|fiction]] 
- 
-1936:<ref name=nyt1937/> '''[[Della T. Lutes]], ''The Country Kitchen'''''<ref> 
-[http://www.organictestkitchen.com/blog/2009/11/06/book-review-the-country-kitchen-by-della-t-lutes/ Book Review: The Country Kitchen by Della T. Lutes"] (2009?). ''Organic Test Kitchen'' (blog by Theo). Retrieved 2012-01-30.</ref> (autobiography & cookbook) 
- 
-1937:<ref name=nyt1938/> '''[[Carl Crow]], ''Four Hundred Million Customers: The Experiences—Some Happy, Some Sad, of an American Living in China, and What They Taught Him''''' (nonfiction) 
-:* see [[National Book Award for Fiction#Early awards for fiction|fiction]] 
- 
-1938:<ref name=nyt1939/> '''[[Margaret Halsey]], ''With Malice Toward Some'''''<ref> 
-[http://www.nytimes.com/1997/02/07/arts/margaret-halsey-86-a-writer-who-lampooned-the-english.html "Margaret Halsey, 86, a Writer Who Lampooned the English"], Dinitia Smith, ''The New York Times'' 1997-02-07. Retrieved 2012-01-30.</ref> (humor, satire) 
- 
-1939: see [[National Book Award for Fiction#Early awards for fiction|fiction]] 
- 
-==Repeat winners== 
-:''See also [[List of winners of the National Book Award#Winners of multiple awards|Winners of multiple U.S. National Book Awards]]'' 
- 
-Three ''books'' have won two literary National Book Awards (that is, excluding graphics), all in nonfiction subcategories of 1964 to 1983. 
- 
-*John Clive<!-- John Leonard Clive -->, ''Thomas Babington Macaulay: The Shaping of the Historian'' 
-::1974 Biography; 1974 History 
-*Peter Matthiessen, ''[[The Snow Leopard]]'' 
-::1979 Contemporary Thought; 1980 General Nonfiction, Paperback 
-*Lewis Thomas, ''[[The Lives of a Cell: Notes of a Biology Watcher]]'' 
-::1975 Arts and Letters; 1975 Science 
- 
-Matthiessen and Thomas won three Awards (as did Saul Bellow, all fiction). Matthiessen won the 2008 [[National Book Award for Fiction|fiction award]]. Thomas is one of several ''authors'' of two Award-winning books in nonfiction categories. 
-* Justin Kaplan, 1961, 1981 (Arts and Letters, Biography/Autobiography) 
-* George F. Kennan, 1957, 1968 (Nonfiction, History and Biography) 
-* Anne Morrow Lindbergh, 1936, 1939 (Non-Fiction, Non-Fiction) 
-* David McCullough, 1978, 1982 (History, Autobiography/Biography) 
-* Arthur Schlesinger, 1966, 1979 (History and Biography, Biography and Autobiography) 
-* Frances Steegmuller, 1971, 1981 (Arts and Letters, Translation) 
-* Lewis Thomas, 1975, 1981 (Arts and Letters ''and'' Science, Science) 
==See also== ==See also==

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The National Book Award for Nonfiction is one of four annual National Book Awards, which are given by the National Book Foundation to recognize outstanding literary work by U.S. citizens. They are awards "by writers to writers".

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Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "National Book Award for Nonfiction" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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