Nicolaas Rockox  

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-The '''Rockox House''' is a former residence of the [[Rockox family]] and Belgian private museum of [[KBC Bank]] in the city of [[Antwerp]], [[Belgium]].+{{more footnotes|date=June 2017}}
-== History ==+{{Infobox Officeholder
 +| name = Nicolaas Rockox
 +| honorific-suffix = knight
 +| image =Nicolaas Rockox by Otto van Veen.jpg
 +| imagesize = 200px
 +| caption =Nicolaas II Rockox,<br />painted by [[Otto van Veen]].
 +| order1 = [[List of mayors of Antwerp|Mayor of Antwerp]]
 +| term_start1 =
 +| term_end1 =
 +| monarch1 = [[Philip II of Spain]]
 +| predecessor1 =
 +| successor1 =
 +| birth_date = {{birth date|df=yes|1560|12|14}}
 +| birth_place =
 +| death_date = {{death date and age|df=yes|1640|12|12|1560|12|14}}
 +| death_place = [[Antwerp]]
 +| nationality =
 +| spouse = Adriana Perez (1568–1619)
 +}}
 +[[File:Draeck NOB 03.jpg|thumb|Heraldic crest]]
 +[[File:Rubens3.jpg|thumb|Rockox is depicted on the right panel, Descent-tryptich]]
 +'''Nicolaas II Rockox''' (1560–1640), knight, was a mayor of [[Antwerp]]. He is known to have been a personal friend of [[Peter Paul Rubens]], and was the first resident of the [[Rockox House]].
-The house was rebuilt for [[Nicolaas II Rockox]], lord Mayor of Antwerpen. He had different houses united in 1603, and restored in Renaissance style. It was his principal residence which he used for business and it was built in baroque style. A few of [[Rubens]]' most famous artworks were specially designed for this residence, among them [[Samson and Delilah (Rubens)|Samson and Delilah]].+== Family ==
 +{{main|Rockox family}}
 +He was the son of Adrian II and Isabella van Olmen and a nephew of [[John III van de Werve, Lord of Hovorst]]. He was a first cousin of [[Lancelot II of Ursel]], mayor of Antwerp.
-After the Rockox Family sold the estate in 1715 to benefit the poor, the house became property of the [[KBC Bank|KBC banking]], in 1970 and it is used as a public museum.+In 1589, in [[Antwerp Cathedral]], he married Adriana Perez (1568–1619), child of the rich Spanish merchant Luis Perez (1532–1601) and Maria van Berchem.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.liechtensteincollections.at/en/pages/artbase_main.asp?module=browse&action=m_work&lang=en&sid=87294&oid=W-342008235234370 |title=Liechtenstein. The Princely Collections |publisher=Liechtensteincollections.at |date= |accessdate=2017-06-21}}</ref> He died without children in the Rockox House.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://balat.kikirpa.be/photo.php?path=M088532&objnr=60730&nr=3 |title=Balat Kik-Irpa |publisher=Balat.kikirpa.be |date= |accessdate=2017-06-21}}</ref>
-== Architecture ==+== Career ==
-The house is a typical example of the Architecture that was popular with the bourgeosie the early 17th century in Antwerpen. It has an inner garden with fine herbs, and has features of an Italian pallazo.+Rockox studied in Douai and Leuven, completing his law studies on 24 August 1584.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.tento.be/OKV-artikel/nicolaas-rockox-1560%E2%80%931640-burgemeester-van-de-gouden-eeuw |title=Nicolaas Rockox (1560–1640) - Burgemeester van de Gouden Eeuw |language=nl |publisher=www.tento.be |date=2010-12-14 |accessdate=2017-06-21}}</ref> He was a member of the civic militia and defended the city in service of [[Philips of Marnix, Lord of Saint-Aldegonde]] when [[Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma]], attacked Antwerp.
 +Rockox studied the fortifications from [[Jean Errard]],<ref>La fortification démonstrée et réduicte en art / par feu J. Errard</ref> [[Bar-le-Duc]] and had the outer walls of Antwerp repaired and improved.
-== Collection ==+In 1590, he was knighted by the Archdukes [[Albert VII, Archduke of Austria|Albert]] and [[Isabella Clara Eugenia|Isabella]]. He was put on the list of honours when their [[Blijde Inkomst|Joyous Entry]] took place.
-The current rooms are ornated with the art collection of [[KBC Bank]]. This collection is put permanently on display, like the paintings would be presented in the 16th Century. Famous is the collection of old masters.+
-However, this collection is not the historic collection as owned by the Rockox family. +In 1603 Rockox bought the house named ''Gulden Rinck'' and developed it into his main residence, now known as the [[Rockox House]]. It housed an important collection of art and of curiosities, famous in his own time. His collection included a ''[[Samson and Delilah (Rubens)|Samson and Delilah]]'' painted for him by his friend Rubens. After 1608 the friendship between them was very close. Rockox commissioned several paintings from him, including ''[[The Incredulity of Saint Thomas (Rubens)|The Incredulity of Saint Thomas]]''. Other friends of Rockox include [[Abraham Ortelius]], who taught him the art of [[numismatics]], and the young [[Anthony van Dyck]], who painted several portraits for him.
-Besides paintings the current KBC collection includes important engravings, sculptures and textiles.+
-Masters that are put on display are [[Jan Fyt]], [[Cornelis Metsijs]], [[Peter Paul Rubens]], [[Jan Sanders van Hemessen]], [[Hans III Jordaens]], [[Jacob Jordaens]], [[Maarten De Vos]], [[David Teniers the Younger|David Teniers]], [[Quinten Metsijs]], [[Joachim Patinir]], [[Frans Snijders]], [[Lucas Fayd’herbe]], [[Paulus Pontius]] and [[Lambert Lombard]].+Rockox served several terms as [[List of mayors of Antwerp|mayor of Antwerp]]. He died in the Rockox House and was buried in the church of the [[Recollects Convent, Antwerp|Recollect convent]], where he had had a private chapel built for his deceased wife in 1619.<ref>{{cite web|author=Biografieën Collectie Onderzoek Beleef meer |url=http://barokinvlaanderen.vlaamsekunstcollectie.be/nl/collectie/nicolaas-rockox-0 |title=Nicolaas Rockox &#124; Barok in de Zuidelijke Nederlanden |publisher=Barokinvlaanderen.vlaamsekunstcollectie.be |date= |accessdate=2017-06-21}}</ref> Because he had no children, his property was given to the poor, in devotion. During his life Rockox spent an important part of his private fortune to benefit the poor. He commanded that a public reserve of grain be prepared for the poor in case of war or siege. He paid 45,300 florins for this from his private fortune. After his death his famous collection of artworks spread to other collections worldwide.
-== See also ==+== Patronage ==
-* [[Rubens House]]+Rockox commissioned multiple paintings from [[Peter Paul Rubens]]. Some of these commissions were for the public, while others were for his private residence. Among those he commissioned for the public included ''[[Adoration of the Magi (Rubens, Madrid)|Adoration of the Magi]]'' for the Antwerp City Hall, ''[[The Descent from the Cross (Rubens)|Descent from the Cross]]'' for the city's Arquebusiers' Guild's altar, and ''Doubting Thomas'' for Rockox's chapel. Rockox's private commissions from Rubens included ''[[Samson and Delilah (Rubens)|Samson and Delilah]]''. At the time of his death, Rockox had 87 works in his personal collection. Other artists represented within this collection included [[Anthony van Dyck]], [[Frans Snyders]], [[Jan van Eyck]], and [[Pieter Bruegel the Elder|Pieter Bruegel]]. After his death, his art collection was sold publicly.<ref>Veronique van Passel, "Rockox, Nicolaas", ''Grove Art Online''. Oxford University Press. Web. 28 Feb. 2017.</ref>
 +==Commemoration==
 +In 1961 Rockox was put on a Belgian stamp.
-==Dutch text==+==References==
-Het '''Rockoxhuis''' is een vroeg-17e-eeuws historisch pand in de Keizerstraat in [[Antwerpen (stad)|Antwerpen]].+{{Reflist}}
-[[Nicolaas Rockox]] (1560 - 1640), [[burgemeester]], [[Renaissance-humanisme|humanist]], [[mecenas]] en kunstverzamelaar kocht het pand in 1603, toen ‘’De Gouden Rinck’’ genoemd, samen met de aanpalende woning. Rockox liet beide panden tot een patriciërshuis verbouwen. Na de dood van de laatste erfgenaam van Rockox, werd de Vlaamse renaissancegevel van zijn woning aan het begin van de 18e eeuw vervangen door een classicistische gevel. Een volgende grote restauratie vond in het tweede decennium van de 20ste eeuw plaats onder leiding van architect [[Jules Bilmeyer]]. Uit deze periode dateert een tweede galerij in de binnentuin van het huis.+{{Paintings by Rubens}}
-[[KBC Groep|KBC]] kocht het pand in 1970 en onder auspiciën van de bank werd gelijktijdig de vzw Museum Nicolaas Rockox opgericht, belast met de restauratie en het beheer van het pand. Tussen 1972 en 1977 werd het gebouw omgevormd tot een museum en polyvalente ruimten. Het huis getuigt van de 17e-eeuwse culturele rijkdom en uitstraling van Antwerpen.+{{DEFAULTSORT:Rockox, Nicolaas}}
- +[[Category:Mayors of Antwerp, Belgium]]
-Het Rockoxhuis herbergt bijzonder meubilair (waaronder [[kunstkabinet|kunstkabinetten]], kisten en mooi gesculpteerde kasten), [[keramiek]], beeldhouwwerken, wandtapijten en een grote verzameling schilderijen van onder andere [[Peter Paul Rubens|Rubens]], [[Antoon van Dyck]], [[Jacob Jordaens]], [[Joachim Patinir]], [[David Teniers de Jonge]], [[Joos de Momper]], [[Frans Snyders]], [[Jan Brueghel de Oude]] en [[Pieter Breugel de Jonge]].+[[Category:Flemish nobility]]
- +[[Category:People of the Spanish Netherlands]]
-Van februari 2013 tot einde 2016 richt het Rockoxhuis vijf ruimten in tot ''[[Kunst- en rariteitenkabinet|kunstenkabinet]]'' en er een aantal topwerken van het [[KMSKA]] tentoonstellen dat zeker tot 2017 gesloten blijft wegens renovatiewerken.+[[Category:Peter Paul Rubens]]
- +[[Category:Counter-Reformation]]
-==De binnentuin==+[[Category:Art collectors]]
-De binnentuin is een evocatie van de vroeg-17e-eeuwse stadstuin die Rockox naar alle waarschijnlijkheid bezat. Hij bestelde planten, heesters en boompjes in Aix-en-Provence, bij de botanicus en humanist Nicolas Claude Fabri de Peiresc (1580-1637). De zending is gedocumenteerd via begeleidende briefwisseling die bewaard bleef. Een aantal van deze planten maken weer deel uit van de binnentuin zoals olijfbomen, oleanders, styrax, een fluweelboom en vele andere. Tijdens de lente zijn er tulpen te zien en in de zomer versieren lelies de tuin. +[[Category:Philanthropists]]
- +[[Category:1560 births]]
-De tuin evolueerde tot een plaats waar wetenschap, kunst en filosofie mekaar vonden. Rockox bezat immers een aantal tuintraktaten en filosofische werken van [[Justus Lipsius]], die hij persoonlijk kende. Ook [[Abraham Ortelius]], [[Christoffel Plantijn]] en [[Jan Moretus]] behoorden tot zijn kennissenkring. Peter Paul Rubens noemde hem zijn ‘’vriendt ende patroon’’.+[[Category:1640 deaths]]
- +
-De vier deuren van de tuin zijn beschilderd door leerlingen van de Artesis Hogeschool Antwerpen, [[trompe-l'oeil|trompe-l'oeils]] die aanwezig waren in 17e-eeuwse stadstuinen, vooral om de illusie van een grote tuin op te roepen en het perspectief te versterken.+
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Template:Infobox Officeholder thumb|Heraldic crest thumb|Rockox is depicted on the right panel, Descent-tryptich Nicolaas II Rockox (1560–1640), knight, was a mayor of Antwerp. He is known to have been a personal friend of Peter Paul Rubens, and was the first resident of the Rockox House.

Contents

Family

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He was the son of Adrian II and Isabella van Olmen and a nephew of John III van de Werve, Lord of Hovorst. He was a first cousin of Lancelot II of Ursel, mayor of Antwerp.

In 1589, in Antwerp Cathedral, he married Adriana Perez (1568–1619), child of the rich Spanish merchant Luis Perez (1532–1601) and Maria van Berchem.<ref>{{

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Career

Rockox studied in Douai and Leuven, completing his law studies on 24 August 1584.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> He was a member of the civic militia and defended the city in service of Philips of Marnix, Lord of Saint-Aldegonde when Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, attacked Antwerp. Rockox studied the fortifications from Jean Errard,<ref>La fortification démonstrée et réduicte en art / par feu J. Errard</ref> Bar-le-Duc and had the outer walls of Antwerp repaired and improved.

In 1590, he was knighted by the Archdukes Albert and Isabella. He was put on the list of honours when their Joyous Entry took place.

In 1603 Rockox bought the house named Gulden Rinck and developed it into his main residence, now known as the Rockox House. It housed an important collection of art and of curiosities, famous in his own time. His collection included a Samson and Delilah painted for him by his friend Rubens. After 1608 the friendship between them was very close. Rockox commissioned several paintings from him, including The Incredulity of Saint Thomas. Other friends of Rockox include Abraham Ortelius, who taught him the art of numismatics, and the young Anthony van Dyck, who painted several portraits for him.

Rockox served several terms as mayor of Antwerp. He died in the Rockox House and was buried in the church of the Recollect convent, where he had had a private chapel built for his deceased wife in 1619.<ref>{{

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}}</ref> Because he had no children, his property was given to the poor, in devotion. During his life Rockox spent an important part of his private fortune to benefit the poor. He commanded that a public reserve of grain be prepared for the poor in case of war or siege. He paid 45,300 florins for this from his private fortune. After his death his famous collection of artworks spread to other collections worldwide.

Patronage

Rockox commissioned multiple paintings from Peter Paul Rubens. Some of these commissions were for the public, while others were for his private residence. Among those he commissioned for the public included Adoration of the Magi for the Antwerp City Hall, Descent from the Cross for the city's Arquebusiers' Guild's altar, and Doubting Thomas for Rockox's chapel. Rockox's private commissions from Rubens included Samson and Delilah. At the time of his death, Rockox had 87 works in his personal collection. Other artists represented within this collection included Anthony van Dyck, Frans Snyders, Jan van Eyck, and Pieter Bruegel. After his death, his art collection was sold publicly.<ref>Veronique van Passel, "Rockox, Nicolaas", Grove Art Online. Oxford University Press. Web. 28 Feb. 2017.</ref>

Commemoration

In 1961 Rockox was put on a Belgian stamp.

References

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