Peter Handke
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| - | '''Peter Handke''' (born 6 December 1942) is an [[avant-garde]] Austrian novelist and playwright. His body of work, though considered controversial by critics and scholars alike, has been awarded numerous European literary prizes. | + | '''Peter Handke''' (°1942) is an [[Austrian writer]] known for plays such as ''[[Offending the Audience]]'' (1966) and novels such as ''[[The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick]]'' (1970). |
| + | ==Overview== | ||
| + | He was awarded the [[2019 Nobel Prize in Literature]] "for an influential work that with linguistic ingenuity has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience." Handke is considered to be one of the most influential and original German-language writers in the second half of the 20th century. | ||
| - | ==Life== | + | In the late 1960s, he earned his reputation as a member of the [[avant-garde]] with such plays as ''[[Offending the Audience]]'' (1966) in which actors analyze the nature of theatre and alternately insult the audience and praise its "performance", and ''[[Kaspar (play)|Kaspar]]'' (1967). His novels, mostly ultraobjective, [[deadpan]] accounts of characters in extreme states of mind, include ''[[The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick]]'' (1970) and ''[[The Left-Handed Woman]]'' (1976). Prompted by his mother's suicide in 1971, he reflected her life in the novella ''[[A Sorrow Beyond Dreams]]'' (1972). |
| - | ===Early life=== | + | A dominant theme of his works is the deadening effects and underlying irrationality of ordinary language, everyday reality, and rational order. Handke was a member of the ''[[Grazer Gruppe]]'' (an association of authors) and the [[Grazer Autorenversammlung]], and co-founded the Verlag der Autoren publishing house in Frankfurt. He collaborated with director [[Wim Wenders]], and wrote such screenplays as ''[[The Wrong Move]]'' and ''[[Wings of Desire]]''. |
| - | Handke and his mother (a [[Carinthian Slovenes|Carinthian Slovene]] whose suicide in 1971 is the subject of Handke's ''A Sorrow Beyond Dreams'', a reflection on her life) lived in the Soviet-occupied [[Pankow (locality)|Pankow]] district of [[Berlin]] from 1944 to 1948 before resettling in Griffen. According to some of his biographers, his stepfather Bruno's alcoholism and the limited cultural life of the small town contributed to Handke's antipathy to habit and restrictiveness. | + | |
| - | In 1954 Handke was sent to the [[Catholic Church|Catholic]] ''Marianum'' boys' [[boarding school]] at Tanzenberg Castle in [[Sankt Veit an der Glan]], [[Carinthia (state)|Carinthia]]. Here, he published his first writing in the school newspaper, ''Fackel''. In 1959, he moved to [[Klagenfurt]], where he went to high school, and in 1961, he commenced law studies at the [[University of Graz]].<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/254210/Peter-Handke |title=Peter Handke |author= |date= |work= |publisher=[[Britannica.com]] |accessdate= }}</ref> | + | In 1973, he won the [[Georg Büchner Prize]], the most important literary prize for German-language literature. In 1999, as a protest against the [[NATO bombing of Yugoslavia]], Handke returned the prize money to the [[Deutsche Akademie für Sprache und Dichtung|German Academy for Language and Literature]]. |
| - | ===Career=== | + | ==Controversy== |
| - | While studying, Handke established himself as a writer, linking up with the ''Grazer Gruppe'' (the [[Graz]] Authors' Assembly), an association of young writers.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.wim-wenders.com/bio/peter_handke_bio.htm |title=Peter Handke |author= |date= |work= |publisher=Wim-wenders.com |accessdate=16 September 2010}}</ref> The group published the literary digest ''[[manuskripte]]''. Its members included [[Elfriede Jelinek]] and [[Barbara Frischmuth]]. | + | In 1996, Handke's [[Travel literature|travelogue]] ''[[Eine winterliche Reise zu den Flüssen Donau, Save, Morawa und Drina oder Gerechtigkeit für Serbien]]'' (published in English as ''A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia'') created controversy, as Handke portrayed [[Serbia]] among the victims of the [[Yugoslav Wars]]. In the same essay, Handke also attacked Western media for misrepresenting the causes and consequences of the war. |
| - | Handke abandoned his studies in 1965, after the German publishing house [[Suhrkamp Verlag]] accepted his novel ''Die Hornissen (The Hornets)'' for publication. He gained attention after an appearance at a meeting of [[avant-garde]] artists belonging to the [[Gruppe 47]] in [[Princeton, New Jersey|Princeton]], [[New Jersey]], USA, where he presented his play ''Publikumsbeschimpfung ([[Offending the Audience]])''. Handke became one of the co-founders of the publishing house [[Verlag der Autoren]] in 1969 and participated as a member of the group [[Grazer Autorenversammlung]] from 1973 to 1977. | + | Former Yugoslavian president Slobodan Milošević asked that Handke be summoned as witness for his defence before the [[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia]], but the writer declined. He did, however, visit the tribunal as a spectator, and later published his observations in ''Die Tablas von Daimiel'' (''The Tablas of Daimiel''). In 1999, [[Salman Rushdie]] wrote that Handke "has astonished even his most fervent admirers by his current series of impassioned apologias for the genocidal regime of Slobodan Milosevic." He commented that Handke received the Order of the Serbian Knight from Milošević for his propaganda services during a visit to Belgrade, and that his "previous idiocies include the suggestion that Sarajevo's Muslims regularly massacred themselves and then blamed the Serbs; and his denial of the genocide carried out by Serbs at Srebrenica." --[[Salman Rushdie]], "May 1999," in ''Step Across This Line'', [[Random House]], 2008 |
| - | Handke has written many scripts for films.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0359563/ |title=Peter Handke |author= |date= |work= |publisher=IMDb.com |accessdate=16 September 2010}}</ref> He directed ''[[Die linkshändige Frau]]'' (''The Left–Handed Woman''), which was released in 1978. ''[[Leonard Maltin's Movie Guide]]'s'' description of the film is that a woman demands that her husband leave and he complies. "Time passes... and the audience falls asleep." The film was nominated for the Golden Palm Award at the [[Cannes Film Festival]] in 1978, and won the Gold Award for German Arthouse Cinema in 1980. Handke also won the 1975 German Film Award in Gold for his screenplay ''Falsche Bewegung''. Since [[1975 in literature|1975]] Handke has been a jury member of the European literary award [[Petrarca-Preis]]. | + | On 18 March 2006, in front of more than 20,000 mourners at Milošević's funeral, Handke gave a speech in Serbian which was considered controversial in the West. |
| - | After leaving [[Graz]], Handke lived in [[Düsseldorf]], Berlin, [[Kronberg im Taunus|Kronberg]] (all in Germany), in Paris, France, in the USA (1978 to 1979) and in [[Salzburg]], Austria (1979 to 1988). Since 1991, he has lived in [[Chaville]] near Paris. Handke has two daughters, Amina, from his relationship with Libgart Schwarz, and another daughter with Sophie Semin. | + | In a letter to the French ''[[Le Nouvel Observateur|Nouvel Observateur]]'', he offered a translation of his speech: "The world, the so-called world, knows everything about Yugoslavia, Serbia. The world, the so-called world, knows everything about Slobodan Milošević. The so-called world knows the truth. This is why the so-called world is absent today, and not only today, and not only here. I don't know the truth. But I look. I listen. I feel. I remember. This is why I am here today, close to Yugoslavia, close to Serbia, close to Slobodan Milošević". Handke converted to Serbian Orthodox Church renouncing Roman Catholicism. |
| + | Handke's position regarding the war in Yugoslavia has been challenged by the Slovenian writer and essayist [[Drago Jančar]], and the two have engaged in a long polemic. --to return when sourced --> When Handke was awarded the [[International Ibsen Award]] in 2014 it caused some calls for the jury to resign, as Handke was widely described by critics in Norwegian media as a [[fascism|fascist]] with ties to [[war criminal]]s. | ||
| - | ==Controversies== | + | The decision was condemned by [[PEN International|PEN Norway]]. |
| - | In 1996 his [[Travel literature|travelogue]] ''Eine winterliche Reise zu den Flüssen Donau, Save, Morawa und Drina oder Gerechtigkeit für Serbien'' (''A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia'') created considerable controversy, as Handke portrayed [[Serbia]] among the victims of the [[Yugoslav Wars]]. In the same essay, Handke also attacked Western [[News media|media]] for misrepresenting the causes and consequences of the war. This controversy still rages. Former [[Yugoslavia]]n [[president]] [[Slobodan Milošević]] asked that Handke be summoned as witness for the defence before the [[International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia]], but the writer declined. He did, however, visit the tribunal as a spectator, and later published his observations in ''Die Tablas von Daimiel'' (''The Tablas of Daimiel''). | + | |
| - | On 18 March 2006, in front of more than 20,000 mourners at the funeral of [[Slobodan Milošević]], Handke gave a speech in [[Serbian language|Serbian]] which sparked controversy in the [[Western world|West]]. Handke later denied expressing "his happiness at being close to Milošević who defended his people". In fact, in a letter to the French ''[[Le Nouvel Observateur|Nouvel Observateur]]'', he offered a translation of his speech: "The world, the so-called world, knows everything about [[Yugoslavia]], [[Serbia]]. The world, the so-called world, knows everything about Slobodan Milošević. The so-called world knows the truth. This is why the so-called world is absent today, and not only today, and not only here. I don't know the truth. But I look. I listen. I feel. I remember. This is why I am here today, close to [[Yugoslavia]], close to [[Serbia]], close to Slobodan Milošević".<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://archquo.nouvelobs.com/cgi/articles?ad=culture/20060503.OBS6399.html |title=... |author= |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate= }}{{Dead link|date=September 2010}}</ref> | + | [[Bernt Hagtvet]], an expert on totalitarianism, called the award an "unprecedented scandal," stating that "awarding Handke the Ibsen Prize is comparable to awarding the Immanuel Kant Prize to [[Joseph Goebbels|Goebbels]]." |
| - | Handke's position regarding the [[war in Yugoslavia]] has been challenged by the [[Slovenia]]n writer and essayist [[Drago Jančar]], and the two have engaged in a long polemic. | + | A group of demonstrators protested against him when he arrived to receive the prize. On the other hand, [[Jon Fosse]], former recipient of the prize, welcomed the decision, saying that Handke was a worthy recipient and deserved the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]]. |
| - | In 2006 Handke was nominated for the [[Heinrich Heine Prize]], but the prize money of [[Euro|€]]50,000 had to be approved by the [[city council]] of [[Düsseldorf]]. Members of the council's major parties stated they would vote against awarding the prize to Handke, resulting in the prize being withdrawn.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.dw-world.de/dw/article/0,2144,2036907,00.html |title=German Politicians to Block Prize for Milosevic Sympathizer |author=May 31, 2006 |date= |work= |publisher= |accessdate=16 September 2010}}</ref> | + | == Work == |
| + | Handke's first play, ''[[Offending the Audience|Publikumsbeschimpfung]]'' (''Offending the Audience''), which premiered in Frankfurt in 1966 and made him known, was the first of several experimental plays without a conventional plot. In his second play, ''[[Kaspar (play)|Kaspar]]'', he treated the story of [[Kaspar Hauser]] as "an allegory of conformist social pressures". | ||
| - | ==Awards== | + | === Publications === |
| - | *1973: [[Georg Büchner Prize]] | + | Handke published novels, plays, screenplays, essays and poems, often published by [[Suhrkamp Verlag|Suhrkamp]]. |
| - | *2008: [[Großer Literaturpreis der Bayerischen Akademie der Schönen Künste]] | + | |
| - | *2009: [[Franz Kafka Prize]] | + | |
| - | *2012: [[Mülheimer Dramatikerpreis]] | + | |
| - | ==List of works== | + | * 1966 ''{{ill|Die Hornissen|de}}'' (''The Hornets''), novel |
| + | * 1966 ''[[Offending the Audience|Publikumsbeschimpfung]] und andere Sprechstücke'' (''Offending the Audience and Other Spoken Plays''), play, English version in ''Offending the Audience and Self-accusation'' | ||
| + | * 1967 ''[[Kaspar (play)|Kaspar]]'', play, English version also in ''Kaspar and Other Plays'' | ||
| + | * 1970 ''[[The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick|Die Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter]]'' (''The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick''), novel and screenplay of the 1972 film ''[[The Goalkeeper's Fear of the Penalty]] | ||
| + | * 1972 ''[[Short Letter, Long Farewell|Der kurze Brief zum langen Abschied]]'' (''Short Letter, Long Farewell''), novel | ||
| + | * 1972 ''[[A Sorrow Beyond Dreams|Wunschloses Unglück]]'' (''A Sorrow Beyond Dreams: A Life Story''), semi-autographical story | ||
| + | * 1973 ''{{ill|Die Unvernünftigen sterben aus|de}}'', play<!--Regie: [[Horst Zankl]], [[Zürich]]: [[Theater am Neumarkt]], 1974--> | ||
| + | * 1975 ''[[A Moment of True Feeling|Die Stunde der wahren Empfindung]]'', (''A Moment of True Feeling''), novel | ||
| + | * 1977 ''[[The Left-Handed Woman|Die linkshändige Frau]]'' (''The Left-Handed Woman''), screenplay after his 1976 novel | ||
| + | * 1979 ''Langsame Heimkehr'' (''The Long Way Round''), begin of a tetralogy of stories, including ''Die Lehre der Sainte-Victoire'' (1980) ''Über die Dörfer'' and ''{{ill|Kindergeschichte|de}}'' (1981) | ||
| + | * 1983 ''{{ill|Der Chinese des Schmerzes|de}}'', story | ||
| + | * 1986 ''[[Repetition (novel)|Die Wiederholung]]'' (''Repetition''), novel | ||
| + | * 1987 ''[[Wings of Desire|Der Himmel über Berlin]]'' (''Wings of Desire''), screenplay with [[Wim Wenders]] | ||
| + | * 1994 ''[[My Year in the No-Man's-Bay|Mein Jahr in der Niemandsbucht. Ein Märchen aus den neuen Zeiten]]'' (''My Year in the No-Man's-Bay''), novel | ||
| + | * 1996 ''Eine winterliche Reise zu den Flüssen Donau, Save, Morawa und Drina oder Gerechtigkeit für Serbien'' (''A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia''), essay | ||
| + | * 2008 ''[[The Moravian Night|Die morawische Nacht]]'' (''The Moravian Night'') | ||
| + | * 2010 ''[[Storm Still|Immer noch Sturm]]'' (''Storm Still''), a play about the Slovenian uprising against Hitler in 1945, {{ISBN|978-3-518-42131-4}}; first performance: [[Salzburg Festival]] 2011 | ||
| + | <!-- | ||
| + | Many of Handke's works have been published in several English-speaking countries by different publishers. | ||
| - | *1966 ''Die Hornissen'', (''The Hornets''), novel | + | *1970 ''Kaspar and Other Plays'', Hill and Wang, {{ISBN|0-8090-1546-3}} |
| - | *1966 ''Publikumsbeschimpfung und andere Sprechstücke'', (''Offending the Audience and Other Spoken Plays''), play, English version in ''Offending the Audience and Self-accusation'' | + | *1971 ''Offending the Audience/Self-accusation'', Methuen Publishing Ltd, {{ISBN|0-416-19570-9}} |
| - | *1967 ''Begrüßung des Aufsichtsrates'', (''Welcoming the Supervisor''), prose texts | + | *1972 ''The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-16376-6}} |
| - | *1967 ''Der Hausierer'', (''The Peddler''), novel | + | *1973 ''The Ride Across Lake Constance'', Methuen Publishing Ltd, {{ISBN|0-413-29690-3}} |
| - | *1967 ''[[Kaspar]]'', ''(''Kaspar'')'', play, English version also in ''Kaspar and Other Plays'' | + | *1974 ''Slow Homecoming'', Collier Books, {{ISBN|0-02-051530-8}} |
| - | *1969 ''Deutsche Gedichte'', ''German Poems'', poetry | + | *1974 ''Short Letter, Long Farewell'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-26318-3}} |
| - | *1969 ''Die Innenwelt der Außenwelt der Innenwelt'', ''(''The Innerworld of the Outerworld of the Innerworld'')'', text collages | + | *1974 ''The Innerworld of the Outerworld of the Innerworld'', A Continuum Book/The Seabury Press, {{ISBN|0-374-28745-7}} |
| - | *1969 ''Prosa, Gedichte, Theaterstücke, Hörspiele, Aufsätze'', (''Prose, Poems, Plays, Radio Plays, Essays''), collected texts | + | *1976 ''They Are Dying Out'', Eyre Methuen, {{ISBN|0-413-33690-5}} |
| - | *1969 ''Das Mündel will Vormund sein'', ''The Ward Wants To Be Warden''), play | + | *1976 ''Ride Across Lake Constance and Other Plays'', Noonday Press, {{ISBN|0-374-51272-8}} |
| - | *1970 ''Die Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter'', (''The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick''), novel and screenplay of [[The Goalkeeper's Fear of the Penalty|1972 film]] | + | *1976 ''Nonsense and Happiness'', Urizen Books, {{ISBN|0-916354-20-2}} |
| - | *1970 ''Geschichten aus dem Wienerwald von [[Ödön von Horvath]]'', (''Stories from the Wienerwald by Ödon von Horvath''), re-narration | + | *1977 ''A Moment of True Feeling'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-17291-9}} |
| - | *1970 ''Wind und Meer. Vier Hörspiele'', (''Wind and Sea. Four Radio Plays'') | + | *1978 ''The Left-Handed Woman'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-18497-6}} |
| - | *1971 ''Chronik der laufenden Ereignisse'', (''Chronicle of Current Events'') | + | *1979 ''Two Novels by Peter Handke'', Avon, {{ISBN|0-380-48033-6}} |
| - | *1971 ''Der Ritt über den Bodensee'', (''The Ride across Lake Constance''), play | + | *1984 ''3 X Handke'', Collier Books, {{ISBN|0-02-020761-1}} |
| - | *1972 ''[[Short Letter, Long Farewell]]'' (''Der kurze Brief zum langen Abschied''), novel | + | *1984 ''The Weight of the World'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-28745-7}} |
| - | *1972 ''Ich bin ein Bewohner des Elfenbeinturms'', (''I Am a Resident of the Ivory Tower''), essays | + | *1985 ''Three by Peter Handke'', Avon, {{ISBN|0-380-00968-4}} |
| - | *1972 ''Stücke 1'', (''Plays 1'') | + | *1986 ''Across'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-52764-4}} |
| - | *1972 ''[[A Sorrow Beyond Dreams|Wunschloses Unglück]]'', (''A Sorrow Beyond Dreams. A Life Story''), story | + | *1989 ''The Afternoon of a Writer'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-10207-4}} |
| - | *1973 ''Die Unvernünftigen sterben aus'', (''They Are Dying Out''), play | + | *1990 ''Absence'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-10022-5}} |
| - | *1973 ''Stücke 2'', (''Plays 2'') | + | *1994 ''The Jukebox and Other Essays on Storytelling'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-18054-7}} |
| - | *1974 ''Als das Wünschen noch geholfen hat. Gedichte, Aufsätze, Texte, Fotos'', (''When Hope still Helped. Poems, Essays, Texts, Photos'') | + | *1996 ''Walk About the Villages : A Dramatic Poem'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|1-57241-000-0}} |
| - | *1975 ''Der Rand der Wörter. Erzählungen, Gedichte, Stücke'', (''The Words' Edge. Stories, Poems, Plays'') | + | *1996 ''Voyage to the Sonorous Land : Or the Art of Asking and the Hour We Knew Nothing of Each Other'', Yale University Press, {{ISBN|0-300-06273-7}} |
| - | *1975 ''Die Stunde der wahren Empfindung'', (''A Moment of True Feeling''), story | + | *1997 ''A Journey to the Rivers : Justice for Serbia'', Viking, {{ISBN|0-670-87341-1}} |
| - | *1975 ''Falsche Bewegung'', (''Wrong Move''), novel | + | *1998 ''Once Again for Thucydides'', New Directions Publishing Corporation, {{ISBN|0-8112-1388-9}} |
| - | *1976 ''Die linkshändige Frau'', (''[[The Left-Handed Woman]]''), film version 1977 | + | *1998 ''My Year in the No-Man's-Bay '', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-17547-0}} |
| - | *1977 ''Das Ende des Flanierens. Gedichte'', (''Strolling Comes to an End. Poems'') | + | *2000 ''On a Dark Night I Left My Silent House'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-17547-0}} |
| - | *1977 ''Das Gewicht der Welt. Ein Journal'', (''The Weight of the World.''), texts | + | *2001 ''A Sorrow Beyond Dreams'', Pushkin Press, {{ISBN|978-1-901285-17-8}} |
| - | *1979 "Langsame Heimkehr", ("The Long Way Round"), story. also in ''Slow Homecoming'' | + | *2002 ''A Sorrow Beyond Dreams'', New York Review Books Classics, {{ISBN|1-59017-019-9}} |
| - | *1980 "Die Lehre der Sainte-Victoire", ("The Lesson of MountSainte-Victoire"), story, in ''Slow Homecoming'' | + | *2003 ''Handke Plays'', Methuen Publishing Ltd, {{ISBN|0-413-68090-8}} |
| - | *1981 ''Über die Dörfer'', (''Walk about the Villages''), theatrical poem | + | *2007 ''Crossing the Sierra de Gredos'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|0-374-28154-8}} |
| - | *1981 "Kindergeschichte", ("Child Story"), story, in ''Slow Homecoming'' | + | |
| - | *1982 ''Die Geschichte des Bleistifts'', (''History of the Pencil''), texts | + | |
| - | *1983 ''Der Chinese des Schmerzes'', (''Across''), story | + | |
| - | *1984 ''Phantasien der Wiederholung'', (''Phantasies of Repetition''), | + | |
| - | *1986 ''[[Repetition (novel)|Die Wiederholung]]'', (''Repetition'') | + | |
| - | *1987 ''Der Himmel über Berlin'', (''[[Wings of Desire]]'') with [[Wim Wenders]], screenplay | + | |
| - | *1987 ''Die Abwesenheit. Ein Märchen'', (''Absence''), film version directed by Handke 1992 | + | |
| - | *1987 ''Gedichte'', (''Poems'') | + | |
| - | *1987 ''Nachmittag eines Schriftstellers'', (''Afternoon of a Writer''), story | + | |
| - | *1989 ''Das Spiel vom Fragen oder Die Reise zum sonoren Land'', (''Voyage to the Sonorous Land or the Art of Asking''), play | + | |
| - | *1989 "Versuch über die Müdigkeit", ("Essay About Tiredness") | + | |
| - | *1990 ''Noch einmal für Thukydides'', (''Once Again for Thucydides'')', texts | + | |
| - | *1990 "Versuch über die Jukebox", ("Essay About the Jukebox"), Engl. version in ''The Jukebox and Other Essays on Storytelling.'' | + | |
| - | *1991 ''Abschied des Träumers vom Neunten Land'', (''The Dreamer's Farewell to the Ninth Country''), texts | + | |
| - | *1991 "Versuch über den geglückten Tag. Ein Wintertagtraum", ("Essay about the Successful Day. A Winterday's Dream") | + | |
| - | *1992 ''Die Stunde, da wir nichts voneinander wußten'', (''[[The Hour We Knew Nothing Of Each Other]]''), play | + | |
| - | *1992 ''Die Theaterstücke'', (''The Theatrical Plays'') | + | |
| - | *1992 ''Drei Versuche. Versuch über die Müdigkeit. Versuch über die Jukebox. Versuch über den geglückten Tag'', (''Three Essays. Essay about Tiredness. Essay about the Jukebox. Essay about the Successful Day.'') | + | |
| - | *1992 ''Langsam im Schatten. Gesammelte Verzettelungen 1980-1992'', (''Slowly in the Shade. Collected Dispersals 1980-1992''), texts | + | |
| - | *1994 ''Die Kunst des Fragens'', (''The Art of Questioning''), texts | + | |
| - | *1994 ''Mein Jahr in der Niemandsbucht. Ein Märchen aus den neuen Zeiten'', (''My Year in the No-Man's-Bay''), novel | + | |
| - | *1996 ''Eine winterliche Reise zu den Flüssen Donau, Save, Morawa und Drina oder Gerechtigkeit für Serbien'', (''[[A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia]]''), essay | + | |
| - | *1996 ''Sommerlicher Nachtrag zu einer winterlichen Reise'', (''A Summary Addendum to a Winter's Journey''), essay | + | |
| - | *1997 ''Zurüstungen für die Unsterblichkeit. Königsdrama'', (''Preparations for Immortality. A Royal Drama''), play | + | |
| - | *1997 ''In einer dunklen Nacht ging ich aus meinem stillen Haus'', (''On a Dark Night I Left My Silent House''), story | + | |
| - | *1998 ''Am Felsfenster morgens. Und andere Ortszeiten 1982 - 1987'', (''At the Mountain Window in the Morning. And Other Local Times 1982 - 1987), texts | + | |
| - | *1998 ''Ein Wortland. Eine Reise durch Kärnten, Slowenien, Friaul, Istrien und Dalmatien'', with Liesl Ponger, (''A Land of Words. A Journey through Carinthia, Slovenia, Friaul, Istria and Dalmatia''), essay | + | |
| - | *1999 ''Die Fahrt im Einbaum oder Das Stück zum Film vom Krieg'', (''Voyage by Dugout''), play | + | |
| - | *1999 ''{{Lang|de|Lucie im Wald mit den Dingsda. Mit 11 Skizzen des Autors}}'', (''Lucie in the Forest with the Thingie.''), texts | + | |
| - | *2000 ''Unter Tränen fragend. Nachträgliche Aufzeichnungen von zwei Jugoslawien-Durchquerungen im Krieg, März und April 1999'', (''Asking through the Tears. Belated Chronicle from two Crossings through Yugoslavia During the War, March and April 1999''), texts | + | |
| - | *2002 ''Der Bildverlust oder Durch die Sierra de Gredos'', (''Crossing the Sierra de Gredos'')*2002 ''Mündliches und Schriftliches. Zu Büchern, Bildern und Filmen 1992-2000'', (''Spoken and Written. About Books, Images and Films 1992-2000''), essays | + | |
| - | *2002 ''Untertagblues. Ein Stationendrama'', (''Underground Blues. A Station Play'') | + | |
| - | *2004 ''Don Juan (erzählt von ihm selbst)'', (''Don Juan - His Own Version''), novel | + | |
| - | *2005 ''Die Tablas von Daimiel'', (''The Tablas of Daimiel''), essay | + | |
| - | *2005 ''Gestern unterwegs, (''Travelling Yesterday''), texts | + | |
| - | *2006 ''Spuren der Verirrten'', play | + | |
| - | *2007 ''Kali. Eine Vorwintergeschichte'', novel | + | |
| - | *2007 ''Die morawische Nacht'', previously announced as ''Samara'' | + | |
| - | *2009 ''Die Kuckucke von Velica Hoca,'' intimate reportage of a Serbian enclave in Kosovo | + | |
| - | *2010 ''Immer noch Sturm'' (''Still Storm''), a play about the Slovenian uprising against Hitler in 1945, ISBN 978-3-518-42131-4; first performance: Salzburg Festival 2011 | + | |
| - | *2011 ''Der große Fall'', ISBN 978-3-518-42218-2 | + | |
| - | *2012 ''Die schönen Tage von Aranjuez. Ein Sommerdialog'', ISBN 978-3-518-42311-0 | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===Films=== | + | |
| - | Handke collaborated with director [[Wim Wenders]] on a [[film]] version of his novel ''Die Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter'' (''[[The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick]]''), wrote the script for Wenders' ''[[The Wrong Move]]'', and co-wrote the screenplay for Wenders' ''[[Wings of Desire]]''. He has also directed films, including from his own novels, ''[[The Left-Handed Woman]]'' and ''L'absence''. | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ==English editions== | + | |
| - | ''Many of Handke's works have been published in several English-speaking countries by different publishers. Only one edition of each work is listed.'' | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | *1970 ''Kaspar and Other Plays'', Hill and Wang, ISBN 0-8090-1546-3 | + | |
| - | *1971 ''Offending the Audience/Self-accusation'', Methuen Publishing Ltd, ISBN 0-416-19570-9 | + | |
| - | *1972 ''The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-16376-6 | + | |
| - | *1973 ''The Ride Across Lake Constance'', Methuen Publishing Ltd, ISBN 0-413-29690-3 | + | |
| - | *1974 ''Slow Homecoming'', Collier Books, ISBN 0-02-051530-8 | + | |
| - | *1974 ''Short Letter, Long Farewell'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-26318-3 | + | |
| - | *1974 ''The Innerworld of the Outerworld of the Innerworld'', A Continuum Book/The Seabury Press, ISBN 0-374-28745-7 | + | |
| - | *1976 ''They Are Dying Out'', Eyre Methuen, ISBN 0-413-33690-5 | + | |
| - | *1976 ''Ride Across Lake Constance and Other Plays'', Noonday Press, ISBN 0-374-51272-8 | + | |
| - | *1976 ''Nonsense and Happiness'', Urizen Books, ISBN 0-916354-20-2 | + | |
| - | *1977 ''A Moment of True Feeling'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-17291-9 | + | |
| - | *1978 ''The Left-Handed Woman'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-18497-6 | + | |
| - | *1979 ''Two Novels by Peter Handke'', Avon, ISBN 0-380-48033-6 | + | |
| - | *1984 ''3 X Handke'', Collier Books, ISBN 0-02-020761-1 | + | |
| - | *1984 ''The Weight of the World'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-28745-7 | + | |
| - | *1985 ''Three by Peter Handke'', Avon, ISBN 0-380-00968-4 | + | |
| - | *1986 ''Across'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-52764-4 | + | |
| - | *1989 ''The Afternoon of a Writer'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-10207-4 | + | |
| - | *1990 ''Absence'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-10022-5 | + | |
| - | *1994 ''The Jukebox and Other Essays on Storytelling'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-18054-7 | + | |
| - | *1996 ''Walk About the Villages : A Dramatic Poem'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 1-57241-000-0 | + | |
| - | *1996 ''Voyage to the Sonorous Land : Or the Art of Asking and the Hour We Knew Nothing of Each Other'', Yale University Press, ISBN 0-300-06273-7 | + | |
| - | *1997 ''A Journey to the Rivers : Justice for Serbia'', Viking, ISBN 0-670-87341-1 | + | |
| - | *1998 ''Once Again for Thucydides'', New Directions Publishing Corporation, ISBN 0-8112-1388-9 | + | |
| - | *1998 ''My Year in the No-Man's-Bay '', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-17547-0 | + | |
| - | *2000 ''On a Dark Night I Left My Silent House'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-17547-0 | + | |
| - | *2001 ''A Sorrow Beyond Dreams'', Pushkin Press, ISBN 15901285170 {{Please check ISBN|reason=Invalid length.}} | + | |
| - | *2002 ''A Sorrow Beyond Dreams'', New York Review Books Classics, ISBN 1-59017-019-9 | + | |
| - | *2003 ''Handke Plays'', Methuen Publishing Ltd, ISBN 0-413-68090-8 | + | |
| - | *2007 ''Crossing the Sierra de Gredos'', Farrar Straus & Giroux, ISBN 0-374-28154-8 | + | |
| *2009 ''Voyage by Dugout'', Performing Arts Journal, May 2012 | *2009 ''Voyage by Dugout'', Performing Arts Journal, May 2012 | ||
| - | *2009 ''Slow Homecoming'', NYRB Classics, ISBN 978-1-59017-307-7 | + | *2009 ''Slow Homecoming'', NYRB Classics, {{ISBN|978-1-59017-307-7}} |
| - | *2010 ''Don Juan - His Own Version,'' Farrar, Straus & Giroux, ISBN 978-0-374-14231-5 | + | *2010 ''Don Juan - His Own Version,'' Farrar, Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|978-0-374-14231-5}} |
| - | *2013 ''Repetition'', The Last Books, ISBN 978-94-91780-00-4 | + | *2010 ''Till day you do part, or, A question of light'', Seagull Books, {{ISBN|978-1-906-49773-6}} |
| - | + | *2013 ''Repetition'', The Last Books, {{ISBN|978-94-91780-00-4}} | |
| - | ==See also== | + | *2014 ''Storm Still'', Seagull Books, {{ISBN|978-0857421814}} |
| - | *[[List of Austrian writers]] | + | *2016 ''The Moravian Night'', Farrar, Straus & Giroux, {{ISBN|978-0-374-21255-1}} |
| - | *[[List of Austrians]] | + | *2016 ''The Great Fall'', Seagull Books, {{ISBN|978-0-857-42534-8}}--> |
| + | === Films === | ||
| + | Handke collaborated with director [[Wim Wenders]] on a film version of ''[[The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick|Die Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter]]'', wrote the script for ''[[The Wrong Move|Falsche Bewegung]]'' (''The Wrong Move'') and co-wrote the screenplay for ''[[Wings of Desire|Der Himmel über Berlin]]'' (''Wings of Desire'') and ''[[The Beautiful Days of Aranjuez|Les Beaux Jours d'Aranjuez]]'' (''The Beautiful Days of Aranjuez''). He also directed films, including adaptations from his novels, ''[[The Left-Handed Woman]]'' after ''Die linkshändige Frau'', and ''[[The Absence (film)|The Absence]]'', after ''Die Abwesenheit''. | ||
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Peter Handke (°1942) is an Austrian writer known for plays such as Offending the Audience (1966) and novels such as The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick (1970).
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Overview
He was awarded the 2019 Nobel Prize in Literature "for an influential work that with linguistic ingenuity has explored the periphery and the specificity of human experience." Handke is considered to be one of the most influential and original German-language writers in the second half of the 20th century.
In the late 1960s, he earned his reputation as a member of the avant-garde with such plays as Offending the Audience (1966) in which actors analyze the nature of theatre and alternately insult the audience and praise its "performance", and Kaspar (1967). His novels, mostly ultraobjective, deadpan accounts of characters in extreme states of mind, include The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick (1970) and The Left-Handed Woman (1976). Prompted by his mother's suicide in 1971, he reflected her life in the novella A Sorrow Beyond Dreams (1972).
A dominant theme of his works is the deadening effects and underlying irrationality of ordinary language, everyday reality, and rational order. Handke was a member of the Grazer Gruppe (an association of authors) and the Grazer Autorenversammlung, and co-founded the Verlag der Autoren publishing house in Frankfurt. He collaborated with director Wim Wenders, and wrote such screenplays as The Wrong Move and Wings of Desire.
In 1973, he won the Georg Büchner Prize, the most important literary prize for German-language literature. In 1999, as a protest against the NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, Handke returned the prize money to the German Academy for Language and Literature.
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Controversy
In 1996, Handke's travelogue Eine winterliche Reise zu den Flüssen Donau, Save, Morawa und Drina oder Gerechtigkeit für Serbien (published in English as A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia) created controversy, as Handke portrayed Serbia among the victims of the Yugoslav Wars. In the same essay, Handke also attacked Western media for misrepresenting the causes and consequences of the war.
Former Yugoslavian president Slobodan Milošević asked that Handke be summoned as witness for his defence before the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, but the writer declined. He did, however, visit the tribunal as a spectator, and later published his observations in Die Tablas von Daimiel (The Tablas of Daimiel). In 1999, Salman Rushdie wrote that Handke "has astonished even his most fervent admirers by his current series of impassioned apologias for the genocidal regime of Slobodan Milosevic." He commented that Handke received the Order of the Serbian Knight from Milošević for his propaganda services during a visit to Belgrade, and that his "previous idiocies include the suggestion that Sarajevo's Muslims regularly massacred themselves and then blamed the Serbs; and his denial of the genocide carried out by Serbs at Srebrenica." --Salman Rushdie, "May 1999," in Step Across This Line, Random House, 2008
On 18 March 2006, in front of more than 20,000 mourners at Milošević's funeral, Handke gave a speech in Serbian which was considered controversial in the West.
In a letter to the French Nouvel Observateur, he offered a translation of his speech: "The world, the so-called world, knows everything about Yugoslavia, Serbia. The world, the so-called world, knows everything about Slobodan Milošević. The so-called world knows the truth. This is why the so-called world is absent today, and not only today, and not only here. I don't know the truth. But I look. I listen. I feel. I remember. This is why I am here today, close to Yugoslavia, close to Serbia, close to Slobodan Milošević". Handke converted to Serbian Orthodox Church renouncing Roman Catholicism. Handke's position regarding the war in Yugoslavia has been challenged by the Slovenian writer and essayist Drago Jančar, and the two have engaged in a long polemic. --to return when sourced --> When Handke was awarded the International Ibsen Award in 2014 it caused some calls for the jury to resign, as Handke was widely described by critics in Norwegian media as a fascist with ties to war criminals.
The decision was condemned by PEN Norway.
Bernt Hagtvet, an expert on totalitarianism, called the award an "unprecedented scandal," stating that "awarding Handke the Ibsen Prize is comparable to awarding the Immanuel Kant Prize to Goebbels."
A group of demonstrators protested against him when he arrived to receive the prize. On the other hand, Jon Fosse, former recipient of the prize, welcomed the decision, saying that Handke was a worthy recipient and deserved the Nobel Prize in Literature.
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Work
Handke's first play, Publikumsbeschimpfung (Offending the Audience), which premiered in Frankfurt in 1966 and made him known, was the first of several experimental plays without a conventional plot. In his second play, Kaspar, he treated the story of Kaspar Hauser as "an allegory of conformist social pressures".
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Publications
Handke published novels, plays, screenplays, essays and poems, often published by Suhrkamp.
- 1966 Template:Ill (The Hornets), novel
- 1966 Publikumsbeschimpfung und andere Sprechstücke (Offending the Audience and Other Spoken Plays), play, English version in Offending the Audience and Self-accusation
- 1967 Kaspar, play, English version also in Kaspar and Other Plays
- 1970 Die Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter (The Goalie's Anxiety at the Penalty Kick), novel and screenplay of the 1972 film The Goalkeeper's Fear of the Penalty
- 1972 Der kurze Brief zum langen Abschied (Short Letter, Long Farewell), novel
- 1972 Wunschloses Unglück (A Sorrow Beyond Dreams: A Life Story), semi-autographical story
- 1973 Template:Ill, play
- 1975 Die Stunde der wahren Empfindung, (A Moment of True Feeling), novel
- 1977 Die linkshändige Frau (The Left-Handed Woman), screenplay after his 1976 novel
- 1979 Langsame Heimkehr (The Long Way Round), begin of a tetralogy of stories, including Die Lehre der Sainte-Victoire (1980) Über die Dörfer and Template:Ill (1981)
- 1983 Template:Ill, story
- 1986 Die Wiederholung (Repetition), novel
- 1987 Der Himmel über Berlin (Wings of Desire), screenplay with Wim Wenders
- 1994 Mein Jahr in der Niemandsbucht. Ein Märchen aus den neuen Zeiten (My Year in the No-Man's-Bay), novel
- 1996 Eine winterliche Reise zu den Flüssen Donau, Save, Morawa und Drina oder Gerechtigkeit für Serbien (A Journey to the Rivers: Justice for Serbia), essay
- 2008 Die morawische Nacht (The Moravian Night)
- 2010 Immer noch Sturm (Storm Still), a play about the Slovenian uprising against Hitler in 1945, Template:ISBN; first performance: Salzburg Festival 2011
[edit]
Films
Handke collaborated with director Wim Wenders on a film version of Die Angst des Tormanns beim Elfmeter, wrote the script for Falsche Bewegung (The Wrong Move) and co-wrote the screenplay for Der Himmel über Berlin (Wings of Desire) and Les Beaux Jours d'Aranjuez (The Beautiful Days of Aranjuez). He also directed films, including adaptations from his novels, The Left-Handed Woman after Die linkshändige Frau, and The Absence, after Die Abwesenheit.
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