Philip II of Spain  

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"The Legend of Thyl Ulenspiegel and Lamme Goedzak (1867) depicts Philip II of Spain in a highly unsympathetic light. The narrative recounts the adventures of the Geuzen, or Sea Beggars, who fought against the Spanish occupation of the Southern Netherlands, and imagines the legendary figure of Thyl Ulenspiegel fighting on their side."--Sholem Stein

 Philip II acquired many of Hieronymus Bosch's paintings after the painter's death; as a result, the Prado Museum in Madrid now owns several of his works, including The Garden of Earthly Delights (above).  Illustration:The central water-bound globe in the middle pane from Hieronymus Bosch's The Garden of Earthly Delights (c. 1490-1510)
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Philip II acquired many of Hieronymus Bosch's paintings after the painter's death; as a result, the Prado Museum in Madrid now owns several of his works, including The Garden of Earthly Delights (above).
Illustration:The central water-bound globe in the middle pane from Hieronymus Bosch's The Garden of Earthly Delights (c. 1490-1510)

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Philip II (May 21, 1527 – September 13 1598) was a European monarch. He was born at Valladolid and was the only legitimate son of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Philip II acquired many of Hieronymus Bosch's paintings after the painter's death; as a result, the Prado Museum in Madrid now owns several of his works, including The Garden of Earthly Delights. He also commissioned Titian's Poesies.

Contents

Family

Philip was married four times and had children with three of his wives. Even so, most of his children died young.

Philip's first wife was his double first cousin, Maria Manuela, Princess of Portugal; she was daughter of John III of Portugal and Catherine of Habsburg. The marriage produced one son, at whose birth Maria died.

Philip's second wife was his first cousin once removed, Queen Mary I of England. The marriage to Mary was political. By this marriage, Philip became jure uxoris King of England, but the marriage produced no children and Mary died in 1558.

Philip's third wife was Elisabeth of Valois, the eldest daughter of Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici. Their marriage produced five children. Elisabeth died hours after a miscarriage. Their children were:

Philip's fourth and final wife was Anna of Austria, who was also his niece-and cousin to her stepdaughter Catherine Michelle of Spain. This marriage produced four sons and a daughter. This marriage would be the first of three uncle-niece marriages that would be in the pedigree of the great grandson of Philip II, Charles II of Spain. Charles's genetically caused diseases would end the Habsburg line in Spain. Their children were:

  • Ferdinand, Prince of Asturias: 4 December 1571 – 18 October 1578, died young
  • Carlos Lorenzo: 12 August 1573 – 30 June 1575, died young
  • Diego, Prince of Asturias: 15 August 1575 – 21 November 1582, died young
  • Philip: 3 April 1578 – 31 March 1621 (future king, Philip III of Spain)
  • Maria: 14 February 1580 – 5 August 1583, died young

Cultural depictions

Philip II of Spain has inspired artistic and cultural works for over four centuries, as the most powerful ruler in the Europe of his day, and subsequently a central figure in the "Black Legend" of Spanish power. The following list covers representations of him in drama, opera, film, novels, and verse. A small selection of the many artistic portrayals of Philip is shown in gallery form.

Literature

Further reading

Sue Parrill and William B. Robison, The Tudors on Film and Television (McFarland, 2013). ISBN 978-0786458912.

See also




Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Philip II of Spain" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

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