Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
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| The Pre-Raphaelites have been considered the first [[avant-garde]] movement in art, though they have also been denied that status, because they continued to accept both the concepts of [[history painting]] and of [[mimesis]], or imitation of nature, as central to the purpose of art. However, the Pre-Raphaelites undoubtedly defined themselves as a reform movement, created a distinct name for their form of art, and published a periodical, ''[[The Germ (periodical)|The Germ]]'', to promote their ideas. Their debates were recorded in the ''Pre-Raphaelite Journal''. | The Pre-Raphaelites have been considered the first [[avant-garde]] movement in art, though they have also been denied that status, because they continued to accept both the concepts of [[history painting]] and of [[mimesis]], or imitation of nature, as central to the purpose of art. However, the Pre-Raphaelites undoubtedly defined themselves as a reform movement, created a distinct name for their form of art, and published a periodical, ''[[The Germ (periodical)|The Germ]]'', to promote their ideas. Their debates were recorded in the ''Pre-Raphaelite Journal''. | ||
| + | == List of artists == | ||
| + | === The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood === | ||
| + | *[[James Collinson]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[William Holman Hunt]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[John Everett Millais]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Dante Gabriel Rossetti]] (painter, poet) | ||
| + | *[[William Michael Rossetti]] (critic) | ||
| + | *[[Frederic George Stephens]] (critic) | ||
| + | *[[Thomas Woolner]] (sculptor, poet) | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Associated artists and figures === | ||
| + | *[[John Brett]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Ford Madox Brown]] (painter, designer) | ||
| + | *[[Richard Burchett]] (painter, educator) | ||
| + | *[[Edward Burne-Jones]] (painter, designer) | ||
| + | *[[Charles Allston Collins]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Frank Cadogan Cowper]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Henry Holiday]] (painter, stained-glass artist, [[:File:ReligionLiberty_CareHope.png|illustrator]]) | ||
| + | *[[Walter Howell Deverell]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Arthur Hughes (artist)|Arthur Hughes]] (painter, book illustrator) | ||
| + | *[[Robert Braithwaite Martineau]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Jane Morris]] (artist's model) | ||
| + | *[[Louisa, Marchioness of Waterford]] (painter and artist's model) | ||
| + | *[[May Morris]] (embroiderer and designer) | ||
| + | *[[William Morris]] (designer, writer) | ||
| + | *[[Christina Rossetti]] (poet) | ||
| + | *[[John Ruskin]] (critic) | ||
| + | *[[Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Thomas Seddon]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Frederic Shields]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Elizabeth Siddal]] (painter, poet and artist's model) | ||
| + | *[[Simeon Solomon]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Marie Spartali Stillman]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Algernon Charles Swinburne]] (poet) | ||
| + | *[[Henry Wallis]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[William Lindsay Windus]] (painter) | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Loosely associated artists === | ||
| + | *[[Charles Edward Hallé]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Sophie Gengembre Anderson]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Wyke Bayliss]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[George Price Boyce]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Joanna Mary Boyce]] (painter) | ||
| + | *Sir [[Frederick William Burton]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Julia Margaret Cameron]] (photographer) | ||
| + | *[[James Campbell (artist)|James Campbell]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[John Collier (artist)|John Collier]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[William Davis (artist)|William Davis]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Evelyn De Morgan]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Frank Bernard Dicksee]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[John William Godward]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Thomas Cooper Gotch]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Edward Robert Hughes]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[John Lee (artist)|John Lee]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Edmund Leighton]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Charles William Mitchell]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Frederic Leighton, 1st Baron Leighton|Frederic, Lord Leighton]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Joseph Noel Paton]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[John William Waterhouse]] (painter) | ||
| + | *[[Daniel Alexander Williamson]] (painter) | ||
| + | |||
| + | === Models === | ||
| + | *[[Fanny Cornforth]] | ||
| + | *[[Effie Gray]] (Ruskin/Millais) | ||
| + | *[[Annie Miller]] | ||
| + | *[[Jane Morris]] | ||
| + | *[[Elizabeth Siddall]] (Rossetti) | ||
| + | *[[Marie Spartali Stillman]] | ||
| + | *[[Alexa Wilding]] | ||
| + | *[[Maria Zambaco]] | ||
| + | |||
| == See also == | == See also == | ||
| * [[List of Pre-Raphaelite paintings]] | * [[List of Pre-Raphaelite paintings]] | ||
Revision as of 15:26, 27 February 2010
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The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood (also known as the Pre-Raphaelites) was a group of English painters, poets and critics, founded in 1848 by John Everett Millais, Dante Gabriel Rossetti and William Holman Hunt.
The group's intention was to reform art by rejecting what they considered to be the mechanistic approach adopted by the Mannerist artists who followed Raphael and Michelangelo. They believed that the Classical poses and elegant compositions of Raphael in particular had been a corrupting influence on academic teaching of art. Hence the name "Pre-Raphaelite". In particular they objected to the influence of Sir Joshua Reynolds, the founder of the English Royal Academy of Arts. They called him "Sir Sloshua", believing that his broad technique was a sloppy and formulaic form of academic Mannerism. In contrast they wanted to return to the abundant detail, intense colours, and complex compositions of Quattrocento Italian and Flemish art.
The Pre-Raphaelites have been considered the first avant-garde movement in art, though they have also been denied that status, because they continued to accept both the concepts of history painting and of mimesis, or imitation of nature, as central to the purpose of art. However, the Pre-Raphaelites undoubtedly defined themselves as a reform movement, created a distinct name for their form of art, and published a periodical, The Germ, to promote their ideas. Their debates were recorded in the Pre-Raphaelite Journal.
Contents |
List of artists
The Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood
- James Collinson (painter)
- William Holman Hunt (painter)
- John Everett Millais (painter)
- Dante Gabriel Rossetti (painter, poet)
- William Michael Rossetti (critic)
- Frederic George Stephens (critic)
- Thomas Woolner (sculptor, poet)
Associated artists and figures
- John Brett (painter)
- Ford Madox Brown (painter, designer)
- Richard Burchett (painter, educator)
- Edward Burne-Jones (painter, designer)
- Charles Allston Collins (painter)
- Frank Cadogan Cowper (painter)
- Henry Holiday (painter, stained-glass artist, illustrator)
- Walter Howell Deverell (painter)
- Arthur Hughes (painter, book illustrator)
- Robert Braithwaite Martineau (painter)
- Jane Morris (artist's model)
- Louisa, Marchioness of Waterford (painter and artist's model)
- May Morris (embroiderer and designer)
- William Morris (designer, writer)
- Christina Rossetti (poet)
- John Ruskin (critic)
- Anthony Frederick Augustus Sandys (painter)
- Thomas Seddon (painter)
- Frederic Shields (painter)
- Elizabeth Siddal (painter, poet and artist's model)
- Simeon Solomon (painter)
- Marie Spartali Stillman (painter)
- Algernon Charles Swinburne (poet)
- Henry Wallis (painter)
- William Lindsay Windus (painter)
Loosely associated artists
- Charles Edward Hallé (painter)
- Sophie Gengembre Anderson (painter)
- Wyke Bayliss (painter)
- George Price Boyce (painter)
- Joanna Mary Boyce (painter)
- Sir Frederick William Burton (painter)
- Julia Margaret Cameron (photographer)
- James Campbell (painter)
- John Collier (painter)
- William Davis (painter)
- Evelyn De Morgan (painter)
- Frank Bernard Dicksee (painter)
- John William Godward (painter)
- Thomas Cooper Gotch (painter)
- Edward Robert Hughes (painter)
- John Lee (painter)
- Edmund Leighton (painter)
- Charles William Mitchell (painter)
- Frederic, Lord Leighton (painter)
- Joseph Noel Paton (painter)
- John William Waterhouse (painter)
- Daniel Alexander Williamson (painter)
Models
- Fanny Cornforth
- Effie Gray (Ruskin/Millais)
- Annie Miller
- Jane Morris
- Elizabeth Siddall (Rossetti)
- Marie Spartali Stillman
- Alexa Wilding
- Maria Zambaco
See also
- List of Pre-Raphaelite paintings
- British art
- Early Renaissance painting
- English school of painting
- Hogarth club
- Middle Ages in history
- John Wharlton Bunney
- Florence Claxton
- James Smetham
- The Light of the World
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Pre-Raphaelite Brotherhood" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
