From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

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-	{{Template}}	+	#REDIRECT [[Refusenik]]
-	'''Social parasitism''' is a [[pejorative]] that is leveled against a group or class which is considered to be detrimental to society, by analogy with [[Parasitism|biologic parasitism]].	+
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-	==Usage==	+
-	Depending on point of view, a social parasite may be one of several classes:	+
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-	[[socialism|Socialists]] have described members of the [[upper class]]es as economic parasites. The lyrics of the socialist anthem "[[The Internationale]]" include a reference to parasites.	+
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-	A [[capitalism|Capitalist]] would consider a social parasite to be someone who is unwilling or, due to lack of demanded skills, unable to provide useful services or be otherwise a productive member of society, and survives entirely off [[handouts]].	+
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-	The [[Racial policy of Nazi Germany|German Nazis]] viewed "races without homeland" as "parasitic races" or "[[Untermensch]]" to be eliminated. These included [[Romani people]] (sometimes called [[Names of the Romani people#Gypsy and Gipsy|Gypsies]]) and [[Jew]]s.	+
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-	===Soviet Union===	+
-	[[File:Josef Brodsky.jpg|250px|thumb|Russian poet [[Joseph Brodsky]] (1940–1996) was sentenced in 1964 to five years of [[banishment]] from [[Saint Petersburg|Leningrad]] to [[Arkhangelsk Oblast]] for "social parasitism". In 1987 he won the [[Nobel Prize in Literature]].]]	+
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-	In the [[Soviet Union]], which declared itself a workers' state, every adult able-bodied person was expected to work until official retirement. Thus [[unemployment]] was officially and theoretically eliminated. Those who [[refusal of work|refused to work]], study or serve in another way risked being criminally charged with ''social parasitism'' ({{lang-ru|тунея́дство}}). In 1961, 130,000 people were identified as leading the "anti-social, parasitic way of life" in the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]]. Charges of parasitism were frequently applied to [[dissidents]] and [[Refusenik (Soviet Union)|refuseniks]], many of whom were [[intellectual]]s. Since their writings were considered against the regime, the state prevented them from obtaining employment. To avoid trials for parasitism, many of them took unskilled (but not especially time-consuming) jobs (street sweepers, fire-keepers, etc.), which allowed them to continue their other pursuits.	+
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-	==See also==	+
-	*[[Cheating (biology)]]	+
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-	{{GFDL}}	+

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Current revision

1. REDIRECT Refusenik