Sanitation
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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"Experience in the cantonments of 1917 and in the sanitation of active troops convincingly showed that war is today, as much as ever, 75 per cent an engineering and sanitary problem and a little less than 25 per cent a military one. Other things being approximately equal, that army will win which has the best engineering and sanitary services. The wise general will do what the engineers and the sanitary officers let him. The only reason why this is not entirely apparent in wars is because the military minds on both sides are too superb to notice that both armies are simultaneously immobilized by the same diseases."--Rats, Lice and History (1935) by Hans Zinsser |
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Sanitation is the hygienic means of promoting health through prevention of human contact with the hazards of wastes as well as the treatment and proper disposal of sewage wastewater. Hazards can be either physical, microbiological, biological or chemical agents of disease. Wastes that can cause health problems include human and animal feces, solid wastes, domestic wastewater (sewage, sullage, greywater), industrial wastes and agricultural wastes. Hygienic means of prevention can be by using engineering solutions (e.g. sewage and wastewater treatment), simple technologies (e.g. latrines, septic tanks), or even by personal hygiene practices (e.g. simple handwashing with soap).
See also
- Disinfectant
- Environmental epidemiology
- Environmental health
- Epidemiology
- International sanitary conferences
- Lifewater International
- Micro credit for water supply and sanitation
- Multiple Indicator Cluster Surveys
- National Sanitation Foundation
- Public health
- Sewage collection and disposal
- Trap (plumbing)
- Waste management
- Water and sanitation program
- Water crisis
- Water pollution
- Water supply
- Water supply and sanitation in Sub-Saharan Africa
- World Plumbing Council
- World Toilet Organization
