Sexual dysfunction
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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"... parapathy, although we all know what is meant by parapathy. The introduction of "repression" and a consideration of the "unconscious" by Freud, however, brought us a bit nearer to this goal."--Impotence in the Male (1927) by Wilhelm Stekel |
Illustration: Fashionable Contrasts (1792) by James Gillray
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Sexual dysfunction is difficulty experienced by an individual or partners during any stage of a normal sexual activity, including physical pleasure, desire, preference, arousal or orgasm. A diagnosis of sexual dysfunction under DSM-5, requires a person to feel extreme distress and interpersonal strain for a minimum of six months (except for substance- or medication-induced sexual dysfunction). The term sexual disorder may not only refer to physical sexual dysfunction, but to paraphilias as well; this is sometimes termed disorder of sexual preference.
A thorough sexual history and assessment of general health and other sexual problems (if any) are important in the assment of sexual dysfunction. Assessing performance anxiety, guilt, stress and worry are integral to the optimal management of sexual dysfunction. Many of the sexual dysfunctions that are defined are based on the human sexual response cycle as proposed by William H. Masters and Virginia E. Johnson and modified by Helen Singer Kaplan.
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Diagnosis
List of disorders
DSM
The fourth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders lists the following sexual dysfunctions:
- Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (see also asexuality, which is not classified as a disorder)
- Sexual aversion disorder (avoidance of or lack of desire for sexual intercourse)
- Female sexual arousal disorder (failure of normal lubricating arousal response)
- Male erectile disorder
- Female orgasmic disorder (see anorgasmia)
- Male orgasmic disorder (see anorgasmia)
- Premature ejaculation
- Dyspareunia
- Vaginismus
Additional DSM sexual disorders that are not sexual dysfunctions include:
Other sexual problems
- Sexual dissatisfaction (non-specific)
- Lack of sexual desire
- Anorgasmia
- Impotence
- Sexually transmitted diseases
- Delay or absence of ejaculation, despite adequate stimulation
- Inability to control timing of ejaculation
- Inability to relax vaginal muscles enough to allow intercourse
- Inadequate vaginal lubrication preceding and during intercourse
- Burning pain on the vulva or in the vagina with contact to those areas
- Unhappiness or confusion related to sexual orientation
- Transsexual and transgender people may have sexual problems before or after surgery.
- Persistent sexual arousal syndrome
- Sexual addiction
- Hypersexuality
- All forms of female genital cutting
- Post-orgasmic diseases, such as Dhat syndrome, post-coital tristesse (PCT), postorgasmic illness syndrome (POIS), and sexual headache.
See also
- Agony aunt
- Anorgasmia
- Asexuality
- Dapoxetine
- Erectile dysfunction
- Erotophobia
- Female sexual arousal disorder
- Inhibited sexual desire
- Orgastic impotence
- Postorgasmic illness syndrome (POIS)
- Premature ejaculation
- Sex and drugs
- Sex after pregnancy
- Sexless marriage
- Sexual function
- Sexual inhibition
- Sexual arousal disorder
