Siege of Jerusalem
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The Siege of Jerusalem may refer to several historical events, three of which (587 BC, AD 70, 1187) are also called the Fall of Jerusalem:
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Battles
- Assyrian Siege of Jerusalem (701 BC) by Sennacherib, king of the Assyrian Empire.
- Siege of Jerusalem (597 BC) by Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon.
- Siege of Jerusalem (587 BC) by Nebuchadnezzar II.
- Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC) by Pompey the Great, intervening in the Hasmonean civil war on behalf of the Roman Republic.
- Siege of Jerusalem (37 BC) by Herod the Great, ending Hasmonean rule over Judea.
- Siege of Jerusalem (AD 70) by Titus, ending the major phase of the Great Jewish Revolt. It ended in the destruction of Herod's Temple.
- Siege of Jerusalem (614) by Shahrbaraz (Sassanid general) capturing the city from the Byzantines, part of the Roman-Persian Wars.
- Siege of Jerusalem (637) by Khalid ibn al-Walid (Rashidun general) under Umar the Great, capturing the city from the Byzantine Empire.
- Siege of Jerusalem (1099) by the Crusaders, a part of the First Crusade.
- Siege of Jerusalem (1187) by Saladin, resulting in the recapture of the city by the Muslims.
- Capture of Jerusalem (1218) during the Fifth Crusade.
- Siege of Jerusalem (1244) by the Khwarezmians, resulting in the recapture of the city from the Christians, to whom it had been returned by treaty.
- Siege of Jerusalem (1834) by Arab villagers during the 1834 Arab revolt in Palestine.
- Battle of Jerusalem (1917) involved the capture of the city in the Sinai and Palestine campaign of World War I by British and Commonwealth forces.
- Battle for Jerusalem (1948) during the 1948 Arab–Israeli War. The city was divided between Jordan and Israel; Israel made Jerusalem its capital.
- An encirclement of Jerusalem occurred in 1967, which was completed with the Battle of Ammunition Hill; however, the Six-Day War was short and decisive enough that a "siege" never quite took place.
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In literature
- Siege of Jerusalem (poem), 14th-century Middle English alliterative poem depicting the events of 70 AD.
- The Siege of Jerusalem, 1771 poetical drama by Mary Bowes, Countess of Strathmore and Kinghorne also depicting events of 70 AD.
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