Propaganda Due
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| - | '''Propaganda Due''' ({{IPA-it|propaˈɡanda ˈduːe}}; '''P2''') was a [[freemasonry|Masonic lodge]] founded in 1945 that, by the time its Masonic [[charter]] was withdrawn in 1976, had transformed into a clandestine, [[pseudo-]]Masonic, [[Far-right politics|ultraright]] organization operating in contravention of Article 18 of the [[Constitution of Italy]] that banned [[Secret society|secret associations]]. In its latter period, during which the lodge was headed by [[Licio Gelli]], P2 was implicated in numerous Italian crimes and mysteries, including the collapse of the [[Holy See|Vatican]]-affiliated [[Banco Ambrosiano]], the murders of journalist [[Carmine Pecorelli|Mino Pecorelli]] and banker [[Roberto Calvi]], and corruption cases within the nationwide bribe scandal [[Tangentopoli]]. P2 came to light through the investigations into the collapse of [[Michele Sindona]]'s financial empire. | + | '''Propaganda Due''' ('''P2''') was a [[freemasonry|Masonic lodge]] founded in 1945 that, by the time its Masonic [[charter]] was withdrawn in 1976, had transformed into a clandestine, [[pseudo-]]Masonic, [[Far-right politics|ultraright]] organization operating in contravention of Article 18 of the [[Constitution of Italy]] that banned [[Secret society|secret associations]]. In its latter period, during which the lodge was headed by [[Licio Gelli]], P2 was implicated in numerous Italian crimes and mysteries, including the collapse of the [[Holy See|Vatican]]-affiliated [[Banco Ambrosiano]], the murders of journalist [[Carmine Pecorelli|Mino Pecorelli]] and banker [[Roberto Calvi]], and corruption cases within the nationwide bribe scandal [[Tangentopoli]]. P2 came to light through the investigations into the collapse of [[Michele Sindona]]'s financial empire. |
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Propaganda Due (P2) was a Masonic lodge founded in 1945 that, by the time its Masonic charter was withdrawn in 1976, had transformed into a clandestine, pseudo-Masonic, ultraright organization operating in contravention of Article 18 of the Constitution of Italy that banned secret associations. In its latter period, during which the lodge was headed by Licio Gelli, P2 was implicated in numerous Italian crimes and mysteries, including the collapse of the Vatican-affiliated Banco Ambrosiano, the murders of journalist Mino Pecorelli and banker Roberto Calvi, and corruption cases within the nationwide bribe scandal Tangentopoli. P2 came to light through the investigations into the collapse of Michele Sindona's financial empire.
See also
