Spirit
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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+ | [[Image:The Two Cherubs by Raphael from the Sistine Madonna.jpg|thumb|left|200px|''[[The Two Cherubs]]'', by Raphael]] | ||
[[Image:Speculum Sophicum Rhodostauroticum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|This page '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is part of the [[mysticism]] series. | [[Image:Speculum Sophicum Rhodostauroticum.jpg|thumb|right|200px|This page '''{{PAGENAME}}''' is part of the [[mysticism]] series. | ||
- | <br><small>Illustration to the ''[[Speculum Sophicum Rhodostauroticum]]'' ([[1618]]) by [[Teophilus Schweighardt Constantiens]]</small>]] | + | <br><small>Illustration to the ''[[Speculum Sophicum Rhodostauroticum]]'' (1618) by Teophilus Schweighardt Constantiens</small>]] |
- | [[Image:Henri Robin and a Specter, 1863 by Eugène Thiébault.jpg|thumb|left|200px| | + | [[Image:Henri Robin and a Specter, 1863 by Eugène Thiébault.jpg|thumb|right|200px|This page '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is part of the [[supernatural]] series<br><small>Illustration: [[Henri Robin]] and a [[Specter]], 1863 by Eugène Thiébault</small>]] |
- | This page '''''{{PAGENAME}}''''' is part of the [[supernatural]] series | + | [[Image:Hands of God and Adam.jpg|thumb|200px|''[[Hands of God and Adam]]'' (1500s) is a detail of the Sistine Chapel ceiling by Michelangelo. It is a detail from Adam and Eve cycle]] |
- | <br><small>Illustration: [[Henri Robin]] and a [[Specter]], [[1863]] by [[Eugène Thiébault]] | + | |
- | </small>]] | + | |
{{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
- | :'' [[Bertalda, Assailed by Spirits]]'' | ||
- | The English word '''''spirit''''' (from [[Latin]] ''[[spiritus]]'' "[[breath]]") has many differing meanings and connotations, most of them relating to a non-corporeal substance [[mind-body dualism|contrasted with the material body]]. The word spirit is often used metaphysically to refer to the [[consciousness]] or [[personality]]. | ||
- | The notions of a person's "spirit" and "soul" often also overlap, as both contrast with [[body]] and both are understood as surviving the bodily death in religion and occultism, and "spirit" can also have the sense of "[[ghost]]", i.e. a manifestation of the spirit of a deceased person. | ||
- | The term may also refer to any incorporeal or immaterial being, such as [[demon]]s or [[deity|deities]], in Christianity specifically the [[Holy Spirit]] (though with a capital "S") experienced by the disciples at Pentecost. | + | In [[folk belief]], '''spirit''' is the [[vital]] principle or animating force within all living things. As far back as 1628 and 1633 respectively, both [[William Harvey]] and [[René Descartes]] speculated that somewhere within the body, in a special locality, there was a ‘vital spirit’ or 'vital force', which animated the whole bodily frame, just as the engine in a factory moves the machinery in it. Spirit has frequently been conceived of as a [[supernatural]] being, or [[non-physical entity]]; for example, a [[demon]], [[ghost]], [[fairy]], or [[angel]]. |
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+ | Historically, spirit has been used to refer to a "subtle" as opposed to "gross" material substance, as put forth in the notable last paragraph of [[Sir Isaac Newton]]'s ''[[Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica|Principia Mathematica]]''. In [[Bible translations into English|English Bibles]], "the Spirit" (with a capital "S"), specifically denotes the [[Holy Spirit]]. | ||
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+ | The concepts of [[The dichotomy of soul and spirit|spirit]] and [[soul]] often overlap, and both are believed to survive bodily death in some religions, and "spirit" can also have the sense of ghost, i.e. a manifestation of the spirit of a deceased person. Spirit is also often used to refer to the [[consciousness]] or [[personality]]. | ||
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+ | ==Namesakes== | ||
+ | *'' [[Bertalda, Assailed by Spirits]]'' | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
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* [[Daemon (mythology)]] | * [[Daemon (mythology)]] | ||
* [[Deva (Hinduism)|Deva]] | * [[Deva (Hinduism)|Deva]] | ||
- | * [[Ekam]] | ||
* [[Ghost]] | * [[Ghost]] | ||
* [[Egyptian soul|Ka]] | * [[Egyptian soul|Ka]] |
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In folk belief, spirit is the vital principle or animating force within all living things. As far back as 1628 and 1633 respectively, both William Harvey and René Descartes speculated that somewhere within the body, in a special locality, there was a ‘vital spirit’ or 'vital force', which animated the whole bodily frame, just as the engine in a factory moves the machinery in it. Spirit has frequently been conceived of as a supernatural being, or non-physical entity; for example, a demon, ghost, fairy, or angel.
Historically, spirit has been used to refer to a "subtle" as opposed to "gross" material substance, as put forth in the notable last paragraph of Sir Isaac Newton's Principia Mathematica. In English Bibles, "the Spirit" (with a capital "S"), specifically denotes the Holy Spirit.
The concepts of spirit and soul often overlap, and both are believed to survive bodily death in some religions, and "spirit" can also have the sense of ghost, i.e. a manifestation of the spirit of a deceased person. Spirit is also often used to refer to the consciousness or personality.
Namesakes
See also