Sultan
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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"'Through what else then, by God, will they speak?' exclaimed the sultan."--The Indiscreet Jewels (1748) by Denis Diderot |
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Sultan is a position with several historical meanings. Originally, it was an Arabic abstract noun meaning "strength", "authority", "rulership", derived from the verbal noun سلطة sulṭah, meaning "authority" or "power". Later, it came to be used as the title of certain rulers who claimed almost full sovereignty (i.e., not having dependence on any higher ruler) without claiming the overall caliphate, or to refer to a powerful governor of a province within the caliphate.
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