Surrealist cinema
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| *[[Guy Maddin]] ([[Archangel (film)|''Archangel'']], ''[[The Saddest Music in the World]]'') | *[[Guy Maddin]] ([[Archangel (film)|''Archangel'']], ''[[The Saddest Music in the World]]'') | ||
| *[[Takashi Miike]] (''[[Gozu]]'') | *[[Takashi Miike]] (''[[Gozu]]'') | ||
| + | *[[Hayao Miyazaki]] (''Spirited Away'') | ||
| *[[Mamoru Oshii]] (''[[Tenshi no Tamago]]'') | *[[Mamoru Oshii]] (''[[Tenshi no Tamago]]'') | ||
| *The [[Brothers Quay]] (''[[The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes]]'') | *The [[Brothers Quay]] (''[[The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes]]'') | ||
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| [[Jan Bucquoy]] with the movie ''[[Camping Cosmos]]'' ([[1996]]), [[André Delvaux]] (the latter in the tradition of the ''[[magic realism]]'' with the movie ''Un Soir, un Train'' ([[1968]])) and [[Marcel Mariën]] with the controversial ''L'imitation du cinéma'' ([[1959]]), are representatives of the [[Surrealism in Belgium|Belgian Surrealist school]] in cinema. | [[Jan Bucquoy]] with the movie ''[[Camping Cosmos]]'' ([[1996]]), [[André Delvaux]] (the latter in the tradition of the ''[[magic realism]]'' with the movie ''Un Soir, un Train'' ([[1968]])) and [[Marcel Mariën]] with the controversial ''L'imitation du cinéma'' ([[1959]]), are representatives of the [[Surrealism in Belgium|Belgian Surrealist school]] in cinema. | ||
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| - | The animated surrealist filmmakers [[Hayao Miyazaki]] and [[Isao Takahata]] began to have broad international influence in the 1970s. Miyazaki’s themes of magical terrains and nature vs. man have influenced new Pop Surrealist fine artists around the world. | ||
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Revision as of 11:53, 18 August 2007
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Surrealist films include Un chien andalou and L'Âge d'Or by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí; Buñuel went on to direct many more, with varying degrees of Surrealism. Notable for Surrealism amongst Bunuel's later films are The Discreet Charm of the Bourgeoisie (Le Charme discret de la bourgeoisie), The Exterminating Angel (El Ángel exterminador), and Belle de jour.
Films by the Surrealist movement:
- Entr'acte by René Clair (1924)
- La Coquille et le clergyman by Germaine Dulac, screenplay by Antonin Artaud (1927)
- Un chien andalou by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí (1928)
- L'Étoile de mer by Man Ray (1928)
- L'Âge d'Or by Luis Buñuel and Salvador Dalí (1930)
- Le Sang d'un poète by Jean Cocteau (1930)
Later directors who made Surrealistic films:
- Michel Gondry (The Science of Sleep )
- Jean-Pierre Jeunet (Delicatessen, La Cité des enfants perdus, Amélie)
- Alejandro Jodorowsky (El Topo, The Holy Mountain)
- David Lynch (Eraserhead, Blue Velvet, Mulholland Drive)
- Guy Maddin (Archangel, The Saddest Music in the World)
- Takashi Miike (Gozu)
- Hayao Miyazaki (Spirited Away)
- Mamoru Oshii (Tenshi no Tamago)
- The Brothers Quay (The Piano Tuner of Earthquakes)
- Jacques Rivette (Céline et Julie vont en bateau)
- Jan Svankmajer (Faust, Alice)
- Shinya Tsukamoto (Tetsuo)
- Terry Gilliam (Brazil (film), Time Bandits, The Adventures of Baron Munchausen, Tideland (film))
The truest aspects of Surrealism in film are often found in passing frames of a larger film; the sudden emergence of the uncanny into the "normal" which may or may not be further explored in the rest of the film. The original group spent hours going from film to film, often not finishing one before seeking another, partly in hopes of catching just such ephemeral moments, and partly with the idea of stitching together a film in their own minds out of the disparate parts.
Marcel Mariën (L'imitation du cinéma), André Delvaux (Un Soir, un train) and, more recently, Jan Bucquoy (Camping Cosmos) are notable for being representational of the Belgian Surrealist school in cinema. Antonin Artaud, Philippe Soupault and Robert Desnos wrote screenplays for Surrealistic films. Salvador Dali designed a dream sequence for Alfred Hitchcock's film Spellbound. There is a strong Surrealist influence present in Alain Resnais's Last Year at Marienbad.
Surrealist and film theorist Robert Benayoun has written books on Tex Avery (Bugs Bunny, Daffy Duck), Looney Tunes, Woody Allen, Buster Keaton and the Marx Brothers.
Many have described David Lynch as a Surrealist filmmaker, he is perhaps one of the best known examples of today, and most influential. For examples of Surrealism in his work, see Eraserhead, Blue Velvet or Mulholland Drive.
Alejandro Jodorowsky sought to revive Surrealism in his films The Holy Mountain and El Topo.
Jan Bucquoy with the movie Camping Cosmos (1996), André Delvaux (the latter in the tradition of the magic realism with the movie Un Soir, un Train (1968)) and Marcel Mariën with the controversial L'imitation du cinéma (1959), are representatives of the Belgian Surrealist school in cinema.
