False imprisonment
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| - | A '''private investigator''', '''private detective''', '''PI''', or '''private eye''', is a person who can be hired by individuals or groups to undertake investigations. Private investigators often work for [[lawyer|attorney]]s in [[civil case]]s or on behalf of a defense attorney. Many work for [[Insurance company|insurance companies]] to investigate suspicious claims. Before the advent of no-fault [[divorce]], many private investigators were hired to search out evidence of [[adultery]] or other illegal conduct within [[marriage]] to establish grounds for a divorce. Despite the lack of legal necessity for such evidence in many jurisdictions, according to press reports collecting evidence of adultery or other "bad behavior" by spouses and partners is still one of the most profitable activities investigators undertake, as the stakes being fought over now are [[child custody]], [[alimony]], or marital property disputes. | ||
| - | ==History== | ||
| - | In 1833 [[Eugène François Vidocq]], a [[France|French]] [[soldier]], criminal and privateer, founded the first known private detective agency, "Le Bureau des Renseignements Universels pour le commerce et l'Industrie" ("The Office of Universal Information For Commerce and Industry") and hired ex-convicts. Official law enforcement tried many times to shut it down. In 1842 police arrested him in suspicion of [[unlawful imprisonment]] and taking money on false pretences after he had solved an [[embezzlement]] case. Vidocq later suspected that it had been a set-up. He was sentenced for five years with a 3,000-[[franc]] fine but the Court of Appeals released him. Vidocq is credited with having introduced record-keeping, [[criminology]] and [[ballistics]] to criminal investigation. He made the first plaster casts of shoe impressions. He created indelible [[ink]] and unalterable bond paper with his printing company. His form of [[Anthropometry|anthropometrics]] is still partially used by French police. He is also credited for philanthropic pursuits – he claimed he never informed on anyone who had stolen for real need. | ||
| + | '''False imprisonment''' is a restraint of a person in a bounded area without justification or consent. False imprisonment is a common-law felony and a [[tort]]. It applies to private as well as governmental detention. When it comes to public police, the proving of false imprisonment is sufficient to obtain a writ of [[habeas corpus]]. | ||
| + | == See also == | ||
| + | * [[Child abduction]] | ||
| + | * [[False accusations]] | ||
| + | * [[Hostage]] | ||
| + | * [[Kidnapping]] | ||
| + | * [[Ransom]] | ||
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False imprisonment is a restraint of a person in a bounded area without justification or consent. False imprisonment is a common-law felony and a tort. It applies to private as well as governmental detention. When it comes to public police, the proving of false imprisonment is sufficient to obtain a writ of habeas corpus.
See also
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "False imprisonment" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
