Zabriskie Point (film)
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| - | :''This article refers to the 1970 movie 'Zabriskie Point'. For the soundtrack album see [[Zabriskie Point (album)]]; for the natural monument, see [[Zabriskie Point]].'' | ||
| - | '''''Zabriskie Point''''' is a [[1970 in film|1970 film]] by [[Michelangelo Antonioni]] that depicts the [[United States|U.S.]] [[counterculture of the 1960s|counterculture]] movement of that time. It sympathetically tells the story of a young couple — an idealistic young secretary, and a militant radical — to put forward an anti-establishment message. | + | '''''Zabriskie Point''''' {{IPAc-en|z|ə|ˈ|b|r|ɪ|s|k|i}} is a 1970 American drama film directed by [[Michelangelo Antonioni]] and starring [[Mark Frechette]], [[Daria Halprin]], and [[Rod Taylor]]. It was widely noted at the time for its setting in the [[counterculture of the 1960s|counterculture]] of the United States. Some of the film's scenes were shot on location at [[Zabriskie Point]] in [[Death Valley]]. The film was an overwhelming commercial failure, and was panned by most critics upon release. Its critical standing has increased, however, in the decades since. It has to some extent achieved [[cult film|cult status]] and is noted for its cinematography, use of music, and direction. |
| - | This [[cult film]] stars [[Mark Frechette]] and [[Daria Halprin]], neither of whom had any previous acting experience. The screenplay was written by Antonioni, fellow Italian filmmaker [[Franco Rossetti]], American playwright [[Sam Shepard]], prolific screenwriter [[Tonino Guerra]] and [[Clare Peploe]], wife of [[Bernardo Bertolucci]]. The film was the second of three English-language films that Antonioni had been contracted to direct for producer [[Carlo Ponti]] and to be distributed by [[MGM]]. The other two films were ''[[Blowup]]'' ([[1966]]) and ''[[The Passenger (film)|The Passenger]]'' ([[1975]]). | + | == Plot == |
| + | In a room at a university campus in 1970, white and black students argue about an impending student strike. Mark ([[Mark Frechette]]) leaves the meeting after saying he is "willing to die, but not of boredom" for the cause, which draws criticism from the young white radicals. Following a mass arrest at the campus protest, Mark visits a police station hoping to bail his roommate out of jail. He is told to wait but goes to the lock-up area, asks further about bail for his roommate, is rebuffed, calls out to the arrested students and faculty and is arrested. He gives his name as [[Karl Marx]], which a duty officer types as "Carl Marx". After he is released from jail, Mark and another friend buy firearms from a Los Angeles gun shop, saying they need them for "self-defense" to "protect our women." | ||
| - | The [[soundtrack album]], ''[[Zabriskie Point (album)|Zabriskie Point]]'', features music from various artists, including [[Pink Floyd]], [[The Youngbloods]], [[Kaleidoscope (US band)|The Kaleidoscope]], [[Jerry Garcia]], [[Patti Page]], and the [[Grateful Dead]]. A [[Rolling Stones]] track ("You Got the Silver") did not appear on the soundtrack album. The songs by Pink Floyd, Jerry Garcia, and The Kaleidoscope were written for the film. | + | In a downtown Los Angeles office building, successful real estate executive Lee Allen ([[Rod Taylor]]) reviews a television commercial for Sunny Dunes, a new resort-like real estate development in the desert. Instead of actors or models, the slickly produced commercial features casually dressed, smiling mannequins. In the next scene Allen talks with his associate ([[G.D. Spradlin]]) about the greater Los Angeles area's very rapid growth as the two drive through crowded streets. |
| - | The film was a notorious [[box office bomb]], attacked by critics and ignored by the counterculture audience that the [[MGM]] was courting. The film cost $7 million to produce, and made less than $900,000 in its domestic release. In the booklet that was released with the CD soundtrack, it is unsympathetically declared that | + | Mark goes to a bloody campus confrontation between students and police. Some students are tear-gassed and at least one is shot. As Mark reaches for a gun in his boot, a Los Angeles policeman is seen being fatally shot, although it is unclear by whom. Mark flees the campus and rides a city bus to suburban [[Hawthorne, California]] where, after failing to buy a sandwich on credit from a local blue-collar delicatessen, he walks to [[Hawthorne Municipal Airport (California)|Hawthorne Municipal Airport]], steals a small [[Cessna 210]] aircraft and flies into the desert. |
| - | : ''... [c]ritics of all ideologies — establishment, underground, and otherwise — greeted the movie with howls of derision. They savaged the flat, blank performances of Antonioni's handpicked first-time stars, Mark Frechette and Daria Halprin, and assailed the script's confused, unconvincing mix of hippie-buzzword dialogue, self-righteous, militant debate, and [[free love|free-love]] romanticism.'' | + | |
| - | More recently, however, film scholars like Robert Philip Kolker and Sam Rohdie have emphasized its importance in Antonioni's filmography{{Fact|date=February 2007}}. | + | Meanwhile, Daria ([[Daria Halprin]]), "a sweet, pot-smoking post-[[teenybopper]] of decent inclinations", is driving across the desert towards Phoenix in a 1950s-era Buick automobile to meet Lee, her boss, who may or may not also be her lover. Along the way Daria is searching for a man who works with "emotionally disturbed" children from Los Angeles. She finds the young boys near a roadhouse in the Mojave desert, but they tease, taunt, and grab at her, boldly asking for "a piece of ass", to which she asks in reply, "Are you sure you'd know what to do with it?" |
| - | The name refers to [[Zabriskie Point]] in [[Death Valley]], the location of the film's famous desert love scene, in which members of the Open Theatre simulate an orgy. | + | Daria flees in her car. While filling its radiator with water, she is spied from the air by Mark, who buzzes her car and then flies only 15 feet over her as she lies face down in the sand. He throws a T-shirt out of the window of the aircraft for her to pick up. Daria goes from upset to curious and smiling during this sequence. |
| - | == Trivia == | + | They later meet at the desert shack of an old man, where Mark asks her for a lift so he can buy gasoline for the aircraft. The two then wander to [[Zabriskie Point]], where they make love. As they begin, other unidentified young naked people are shown playing sexually on the ground, their wild games sending up thick clouds of white dust from the desert floor.{{#tag:ref| The music is performed by [[The Open Theater]]. |
| - | * [[Harrison Ford]] has an uncredited role as one of the student demonstrators inside the police station. | + | |
| - | * In the cityscape scenes of [[Blade Runner]], some of the fireballs were taken from footage from Zabriskie Point. | + | |
| - | * After making the film, stars [[Mark Frechette]] and [[Daria Halprin]] moved into the same [[California]] commune shown in the film. Halprin married [[Dennis Hopper]] in [[1972]]. In [[1973]], Frechette participated in a bank robbery in which one of his accomplices, Christopher Thien, was killed. He was sentenced to 15 years in prison. He died in prison under suspicious circumstances. | + | |
| - | * The siege at the university was filmed at [[Contra Costa College]] in [[San Pablo, California]]. | + | |
| - | * According to [[Billy Corgan]] of [[Smashing Pumpkins]] fame, ''Zabriskie Point'' may have been the inspiration to director [[Stephane Sednaoui]] for the "Today" video from the band's ''[[Siamese Dream]]'' album. | + | |
| - | * Antonioni visited [[The Doors]] while they were recording ''[[L.A. Woman]]'', and considered including them in the soundtrack, but nothing ultimately resulted. | + | |
| - | *The tune from the widely known [[Pink Floyd]] song, [[Us and Them]], was originally written on the piano by [[Richard Wright (musician)|Richard Wright]] for the movie in 1969; this is where the "[[The Violent Sequence]]" title came from. Director [[Michelangelo Antonioni]] rejected it on the grounds that it was too unlike their "[[Careful with That Axe, Eugene]]"-esque work; as [[Roger Waters|Waters]] recalls it in impersonation, Antonioni's response was, "It's beautiful, but too sad, you know? It makes me think of church." <ref>[http://youtube.com/watch?v=jfGdHJ9jIR8 "The Making of The Dark Side of the Moon" Pt. 5 (Us and Them)]</ref>. The song was shelved until ''[[The Dark Side of the Moon]].'' | + | |
| - | * [[John Fahey]], in his book "How Bluegrass Music Destroyed My Life," writes about how unpleasant it was working for Antonioni. | + | |
| + | Later, a California highway patrolman suspiciously questions Daria. Hidden behind a portable toilet meant for tourists, Mark takes aim at the policeman, but Daria stands between the two of them to block this, apparently saving the policeman's life before he drives away. Daria asks Mark if he was the one who killed the cop in Los Angeles. He states that he wanted to, but someone else shot the officer first and that he "never got off a shot". | ||
| + | |||
| + | Returning to the stolen aircraft, they paint it with politically-charged slogans and psychedelic colors. Daria pleads with Mark to travel with her and leave the aircraft, but Mark is intent on returning and taking the risks that it involves. He flies back to Los Angeles and lands the plane at the airport in Hawthorne. The police (along with some radio and television reporters) are waiting for him, and patrol cars chase the aircraft down the runway. Instead of stopping, Mark tries to turn the taxiing aircraft around across the grass and is shot to death by one of the policemen. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Daria learns about Mark's death on the car radio. She drives to Lee's lavish desert home, "a desert [[Berghof (Hitler)|Berchtesgaden]]" set high on a rock outcropping near Phoenix, Arizona, where she sees three affluent women sunning themselves and chatting by the swimming pool. She grieves for Mark by drenching herself in the house's architectural waterfall. Lee is deeply immersed in a business meeting having to do with the complex and financially risky Sunny Dunes development. Taking a break, he spots Daria in the house and happily greets her. She goes downstairs alone and finds the guest room that has been set aside for her, but after briefly opening the door, she shuts it again. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Seeing a young Native American housekeeper in the hallway, Daria leaves silently. She drives off, but stops to get out of the car and look back at the house, her own imagination seeing it repeatedly blown apart in billows of orange flame and household items.{{#tag:ref| The scene has been described as a metaphor for her sadness and anger. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Cast== | ||
| + | * [[Mark Frechette]] as Mark | ||
| + | * [[Daria Halprin]] as Daria | ||
| + | * [[Rod Taylor]] as Lee Allen | ||
| + | * [[Paul Fix]] as Roadhouse owner | ||
| + | * [[G.D. Spradlin]] as Lee's associate | ||
| + | * Bill Garaway as Morty | ||
| + | * [[Kathleen Cleaver]] as Kathleen | ||
| + | * [[The Open Theatre]] of [[Joseph Chaikin|Joe Chaikin]] as Lovemakers in Death Valley | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==See also== | ||
| + | * [[List of American films of 1970]] | ||
| + | * [[Zabriskie Point (album)|''Zabriskie Point'' (album)]] | ||
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Revision as of 19:53, 25 June 2021
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Zabriskie Point Template:IPAc-en is a 1970 American drama film directed by Michelangelo Antonioni and starring Mark Frechette, Daria Halprin, and Rod Taylor. It was widely noted at the time for its setting in the counterculture of the United States. Some of the film's scenes were shot on location at Zabriskie Point in Death Valley. The film was an overwhelming commercial failure, and was panned by most critics upon release. Its critical standing has increased, however, in the decades since. It has to some extent achieved cult status and is noted for its cinematography, use of music, and direction.
Plot
In a room at a university campus in 1970, white and black students argue about an impending student strike. Mark (Mark Frechette) leaves the meeting after saying he is "willing to die, but not of boredom" for the cause, which draws criticism from the young white radicals. Following a mass arrest at the campus protest, Mark visits a police station hoping to bail his roommate out of jail. He is told to wait but goes to the lock-up area, asks further about bail for his roommate, is rebuffed, calls out to the arrested students and faculty and is arrested. He gives his name as Karl Marx, which a duty officer types as "Carl Marx". After he is released from jail, Mark and another friend buy firearms from a Los Angeles gun shop, saying they need them for "self-defense" to "protect our women."
In a downtown Los Angeles office building, successful real estate executive Lee Allen (Rod Taylor) reviews a television commercial for Sunny Dunes, a new resort-like real estate development in the desert. Instead of actors or models, the slickly produced commercial features casually dressed, smiling mannequins. In the next scene Allen talks with his associate (G.D. Spradlin) about the greater Los Angeles area's very rapid growth as the two drive through crowded streets.
Mark goes to a bloody campus confrontation between students and police. Some students are tear-gassed and at least one is shot. As Mark reaches for a gun in his boot, a Los Angeles policeman is seen being fatally shot, although it is unclear by whom. Mark flees the campus and rides a city bus to suburban Hawthorne, California where, after failing to buy a sandwich on credit from a local blue-collar delicatessen, he walks to Hawthorne Municipal Airport, steals a small Cessna 210 aircraft and flies into the desert.
Meanwhile, Daria (Daria Halprin), "a sweet, pot-smoking post-teenybopper of decent inclinations", is driving across the desert towards Phoenix in a 1950s-era Buick automobile to meet Lee, her boss, who may or may not also be her lover. Along the way Daria is searching for a man who works with "emotionally disturbed" children from Los Angeles. She finds the young boys near a roadhouse in the Mojave desert, but they tease, taunt, and grab at her, boldly asking for "a piece of ass", to which she asks in reply, "Are you sure you'd know what to do with it?"
Daria flees in her car. While filling its radiator with water, she is spied from the air by Mark, who buzzes her car and then flies only 15 feet over her as she lies face down in the sand. He throws a T-shirt out of the window of the aircraft for her to pick up. Daria goes from upset to curious and smiling during this sequence.
They later meet at the desert shack of an old man, where Mark asks her for a lift so he can buy gasoline for the aircraft. The two then wander to Zabriskie Point, where they make love. As they begin, other unidentified young naked people are shown playing sexually on the ground, their wild games sending up thick clouds of white dust from the desert floor.{{#tag:ref| The music is performed by The Open Theater.
Later, a California highway patrolman suspiciously questions Daria. Hidden behind a portable toilet meant for tourists, Mark takes aim at the policeman, but Daria stands between the two of them to block this, apparently saving the policeman's life before he drives away. Daria asks Mark if he was the one who killed the cop in Los Angeles. He states that he wanted to, but someone else shot the officer first and that he "never got off a shot".
Returning to the stolen aircraft, they paint it with politically-charged slogans and psychedelic colors. Daria pleads with Mark to travel with her and leave the aircraft, but Mark is intent on returning and taking the risks that it involves. He flies back to Los Angeles and lands the plane at the airport in Hawthorne. The police (along with some radio and television reporters) are waiting for him, and patrol cars chase the aircraft down the runway. Instead of stopping, Mark tries to turn the taxiing aircraft around across the grass and is shot to death by one of the policemen.
Daria learns about Mark's death on the car radio. She drives to Lee's lavish desert home, "a desert Berchtesgaden" set high on a rock outcropping near Phoenix, Arizona, where she sees three affluent women sunning themselves and chatting by the swimming pool. She grieves for Mark by drenching herself in the house's architectural waterfall. Lee is deeply immersed in a business meeting having to do with the complex and financially risky Sunny Dunes development. Taking a break, he spots Daria in the house and happily greets her. She goes downstairs alone and finds the guest room that has been set aside for her, but after briefly opening the door, she shuts it again.
Seeing a young Native American housekeeper in the hallway, Daria leaves silently. She drives off, but stops to get out of the car and look back at the house, her own imagination seeing it repeatedly blown apart in billows of orange flame and household items.{{#tag:ref| The scene has been described as a metaphor for her sadness and anger.
Cast
- Mark Frechette as Mark
- Daria Halprin as Daria
- Rod Taylor as Lee Allen
- Paul Fix as Roadhouse owner
- G.D. Spradlin as Lee's associate
- Bill Garaway as Morty
- Kathleen Cleaver as Kathleen
- The Open Theatre of Joe Chaikin as Lovemakers in Death Valley
See also
