Emma, Lady Hamilton  

From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia

(Difference between revisions)
Jump to: navigation, search
Revision as of 10:17, 24 May 2024
Jahsonic (Talk | contribs)

← Previous diff
Revision as of 10:18, 24 May 2024
Jahsonic (Talk | contribs)

Next diff →
Line 19: Line 19:
She is is caricatured as "Cleopatra" in "[[A Cognocenti contemplating ye Beauties of ye Antique]]" (1801) by [[James Gillray]] and portrayed in the films ''[[That Hamilton Woman]]'' (1941) and in the sex comedy ''[[Emma Hamilton (film)|Emma Hamilton]]'' (1968). She is is caricatured as "Cleopatra" in "[[A Cognocenti contemplating ye Beauties of ye Antique]]" (1801) by [[James Gillray]] and portrayed in the films ''[[That Hamilton Woman]]'' (1941) and in the sex comedy ''[[Emma Hamilton (film)|Emma Hamilton]]'' (1968).
==Life in Naples and the "Attitudes"== ==Life in Naples and the "Attitudes"==
-[[Image:Elisabeth Vigée-Lebrun - Lady Hamilton as Ariadne.jpg|thumb|left|''Lady Hamilton as [[Ariadne]]'' by [[Élisabeth Vigée-Lebrun]], 1790]]+ 
She lived for some time in a house in [[Caserta]] rented by Sir William. Lady Hamilton became a close friend of [[Maria Carolina of Austria|Queen Maria Carolina]], sister of [[Marie Antoinette]] and wife of [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand I of Naples]], and soon acquired fluency in both French and Italian. She was also a talented amateur singer. She sang one of the solo parts of [[Joseph Haydn]]'s [[Missa in Angustiis|Nelson Mass]] and entertained guests at her home. At one point, the Royal Opera in Madrid tried to engage her for a season, in competition with their star, [[Angelica Catalani]], but this offer was turned down. Sir William commissioned many portraits of Emma, although not for their sentimental value; he almost always sold them for a profit, usually in England. M. de Talleyrand, the youngest son of the ambassador at Naples, responded to a remark about Sir William's interest in the arts by saying "Rather, it is the arts that look out for Sir William's interests". She lived for some time in a house in [[Caserta]] rented by Sir William. Lady Hamilton became a close friend of [[Maria Carolina of Austria|Queen Maria Carolina]], sister of [[Marie Antoinette]] and wife of [[Ferdinand I of the Two Sicilies|Ferdinand I of Naples]], and soon acquired fluency in both French and Italian. She was also a talented amateur singer. She sang one of the solo parts of [[Joseph Haydn]]'s [[Missa in Angustiis|Nelson Mass]] and entertained guests at her home. At one point, the Royal Opera in Madrid tried to engage her for a season, in competition with their star, [[Angelica Catalani]], but this offer was turned down. Sir William commissioned many portraits of Emma, although not for their sentimental value; he almost always sold them for a profit, usually in England. M. de Talleyrand, the youngest son of the ambassador at Naples, responded to a remark about Sir William's interest in the arts by saying "Rather, it is the arts that look out for Sir William's interests".

Revision as of 10:18, 24 May 2024

"Having once condescended to become the living representative of the most voluptuous characters of the Grecian mythology, she made no scruple of giving to each libidinous figure all the force and attraction of the naked truth. In the present instance, it is certain that the variety of characters sustained, and the captivating attitudes assumed to diffuse a bewitching allurement into the form and expression, suited to the personification of a Calypso, a Bacchante, and a Venus, were attended with pernicious consequences to a female, who, in her attempts to excel in this particular line, lost the sense of virtue, and became completely skilled in the arts of intrigue and duplicity."--Lady Hamilton's Memoirs () by various


"William Hamilton's popularity in Naples no doubt also has to do with Emma, his extremely young hostess and mistress. She is 26 when she arrives in Naples, "sold" to Hamilton by his cousin. Emma is a British socialite of delicious beauty; she is painted in classic poses several times in England. We do not know who came up with the brilliant idea of having her pose in Naples for the invited guests in imitation of ancient sculptures, Greek vases, Baroque paintings and mythological literature. But the fact that she assumes these poses, which she calls "attitudes," without underwear and covered only by gossamer robes, does not escape the attention of the invitees, among whom are such illustrious names as Goethe. Right-minded Europe is outraged of course. Hamilton will later make Emma his wife, although he is twice her age. But he does not stop showing her off. Later, when the famous Lord Nelson has his eye on her, he is - so lore has it - honored. Emma is so well known that both Rowlandson and Gillray dedicate a caricature to her."--A History of Erotica (2011) by Jan-Willem Geerinck


"Emma, Lady Hamilton is an Englishwoman of about 20 and is very beautiful and well built. She has a Greek dress made for her which suits her wonderfully. She lets her hair down, takes a couple of shawls, and presents such a variety of poses, gestures, expressions, etc., that one finally wonders whether one is dreaming. Accomplishments vainly attempted by many artists were here seen finished, spontaneous and in surprising variety: standing, kneeling, sitting, lying, serious, sad, teasing, voluptuous, repentant, enticing, menacing, anxious and so on, one follows after another. She changes the drapery of her scarves and makes a hundred different head-dresses with one and the same piece of material. The old Knight holds the lights for her, and is wholly absorbed in the business. He sees in her all the antiques, the beautiful profiles of Sicilian coins, and even the Apollo of Belvedere. Anyway, it is a delightful entertainment, and we enjoyed it two evenings. This morning she is being painted by Tischbein."--Italian Journey (1816–17), Goethe, cited in Sexual Life in England: Past and Present (1936)


"Emma accompanied him to Italy, where she so perfected herself in her art under his guidance that her enchanted teacher married her the following year, and thus she was admitted at court. Here she soon became of influence, due mainly to her intimate friendship with Caroline, Queen of Naples, whose debaucheries made the court of Naples a modern Capri, as described in a rather exaggerated fashion in the Marquis de Sade’s Justine et Juliette. According to the result of the critical revision of Gorani and Coletta’s statements by Moritz Brosch, Caroline undoubtedly deserved to be named the ‘ Messalina of Naples ’, for besides many love-affairs with different men, she was passionately in love with her friend Emma Hamilton. They were inseparable, and vied with each other in organising luxurious feasts and in devising and planning new and artistic amusements. There, also, Emma found many admirers, and was in no wise insensible to them: Lord Bristol, the Bishop of Derry (an ingenious, lively, coarse-witted man, whose rich assortment of anecdotes and bon mots seemed to be inexhaustible), had the honour of being one of her lovers."--Sexual Life in England: Past and Present (1936)

Related e

Wikipedia
Wiktionary
Shop


Featured:

Emma Hamilton (1765 - 1815) was an English model, dancer and actress. She began her career in London's demi-monde, becoming the mistress of a series of wealthy men, culminating in the naval hero Lord Nelson, and was the favourite model and muse of the portraitist George Romney.

In 1791, at the age of 26, she married Sir William Hamilton, British ambassador to the Kingdom of Naples, where she was a success at court, befriending the queen who was a sister of Marie Antoinette, and meeting Nelson.

She is famous for her "Attitudes," in which she posed with no undergarments.

She is is caricatured as "Cleopatra" in "A Cognocenti contemplating ye Beauties of ye Antique" (1801) by James Gillray and portrayed in the films That Hamilton Woman (1941) and in the sex comedy Emma Hamilton (1968).

Life in Naples and the "Attitudes"

She lived for some time in a house in Caserta rented by Sir William. Lady Hamilton became a close friend of Queen Maria Carolina, sister of Marie Antoinette and wife of Ferdinand I of Naples, and soon acquired fluency in both French and Italian. She was also a talented amateur singer. She sang one of the solo parts of Joseph Haydn's Nelson Mass and entertained guests at her home. At one point, the Royal Opera in Madrid tried to engage her for a season, in competition with their star, Angelica Catalani, but this offer was turned down. Sir William commissioned many portraits of Emma, although not for their sentimental value; he almost always sold them for a profit, usually in England. M. de Talleyrand, the youngest son of the ambassador at Naples, responded to a remark about Sir William's interest in the arts by saying "Rather, it is the arts that look out for Sir William's interests".

Emma's vulgar toilette, unaristocratic mannerisms and drinking sometimes raised eyebrows by her company, the Duc de Bourbon remarked during a dinner in Naples at the manner in which Emma drinks port, which must have been a 'habit of hers as she did not become drunk after finishing two or three bottles'.

Sharing Sir William Hamilton's enthusiasm for classical antiquities and art, she developed what she called her "Attitudes"—tableaux vivants in which she portrayed sculptures and paintings before British visitors. Emma developed the attitudes, also known as mimoplastic art, by using Romney's idea of combining classical poses with modern allure as the basis for her act. Emma had her dressmaker make dresses modelled on those worn by peasant islanders in the Bay of Naples, and the loose-fitting garments she often wore when modelling for Romney. She would pair these tunics with a few large shawls or veils, draping herself in folds of cloth and posing in such a way as to evoke popular images from Greco-Roman mythology. This cross between postures, dance and acting was first revealed to guests in the spring of 1787 by Sir William at his home in Naples. It formed a sort of charade, with the audience guessing the names of the classical characters and scenes Emma portrayed.

With the aid of her shawls, Emma posed as various classical figures from Medea to Queen Cleopatra, and her performances charmed aristocrats, artists such as Élisabeth-Louise Vigée-Le Brun, writers—including the great Johann Wolfgang von Goethe—and kings and queens alike, setting off new dance trends across Europe and starting a fashion for a draped Grecian style of dress.. Her Attitudes are described by Goethe in his Italian Journey, diary of March 16 and May 27, 1787.

"Attitudes" were taken up by several other (female) artists, among them Ida Brun from Denmark, who became Emma's successor in the new art form. The famed sculptor Bertel Thorvaldsen admired her art.

See also




Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Emma, Lady Hamilton" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.

Personal tools