New Testament
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| The '''New Testament''' ('''NT''') is the second division of the [[Christian biblical canon]]. It discusses the teachings and person of [[Jesus in Christianity|Jesus]], as well as events in [[Christianity in the 1st century|first-century Christianity]]. The New Testament's background, the first division of the Christian Bible, is called the [[Old Testament]], which is based primarily upon the [[Hebrew Bible]]; together they are regarded as [[Religious text|sacred scripture]] by Christians. | The '''New Testament''' ('''NT''') is the second division of the [[Christian biblical canon]]. It discusses the teachings and person of [[Jesus in Christianity|Jesus]], as well as events in [[Christianity in the 1st century|first-century Christianity]]. The New Testament's background, the first division of the Christian Bible, is called the [[Old Testament]], which is based primarily upon the [[Hebrew Bible]]; together they are regarded as [[Religious text|sacred scripture]] by Christians. | ||
| + | ==Historical background== | ||
| + | Most scholars who study the [[Historical Jesus]] and [[Early Christianity]] believe that the [[Canonical Gospels]] and life of [[Jesus]] must be viewed as firmly placed within his historical and cultural context, rather than purely in terms of Christian [[orthodoxy]]. They look at the "forces" which were in play regarding the Jewish culture at that time, and the tensions, trends, and changes in the region under the [[Hellenistic Judaism|influence of Hellenism]] and the [[Iudaea Province|Roman occupation]]. | ||
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| + | Thus, the cultural and historical context of Jesus is that of 1st century [[Galilee]] and [[Roman Judea]], and the traditions of [[Second Temple Judaism]]. | ||
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| + | By [[Siege of Jerusalem (63 BC)|Pompey's 63 BCE siege of Jerusalem]], the partially [[Hellenized]] territory had come under [[Ancient Rome|Roman]] imperial rule as a valued crossroads to trading territories and [[buffer state]] against the [[Parthian Empire]]. Beginning in 6 CE, Roman [[prefect]]'s were appointed whose first duty to Rome was to maintain order through a political appointee the [[List of High Priests of Israel#High Priest under Herodians and Romans|High Priest]]. After the uprising during the [[Census of Quirinius]] (6 CE) and before [[Pilate]] (26 CE), in general, [[Iudaea province|Roman Judea]] was peaceful and self-managed, although [[riot]]s, sporadic rebellions, and [[Zealotry|violent resistance]] were an ongoing risk. The [[History of the Jews in the Roman Empire|conflict between the Jews' demand for religious independence and Rome's efforts to impose a common system of governance]] meant there was [[Anti-Judaism#Anti-Judaism in the pre-Christian Roman Empire|underlying tension]]. | ||
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| + | Four decades after Jesus' death the tensions culminated with the [[first Jewish-Roman War]] and the [[Siege of Jerusalem (70)|destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem]]. This, in turn, is commonly seen as a [[catalyst]] for the final stage in the [[Split of early Christianity and Judaism|birth and divergence of Early Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism]]. | ||
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| + | ;See also | ||
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| + | * [[Assyro-Babylonian culture]] | ||
| + | * [[Christianity and Judaism]] | ||
| + | * [[Hellenistic Greece]] | ||
| + | * [[History of ancient Israel and Judah]] | ||
| + | * [[Jesus in the Christian Bible]] | ||
| + | * [[Jesus in the Talmud]] | ||
| + | * [[Jesus Seminar]] | ||
| + | * [[Judeo-Christian tradition]] | ||
| + | * [[Julio-Claudian dynasty]] | ||
| + | * [[Paideia]] | ||
| + | * [[Roman Empire]] | ||
| + | * [[Romanitas]], [[Culture of Rome]] | ||
| + | * [[Social life in Babylonia and Assyria]] | ||
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| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| * [[New]] | * [[New]] | ||
| * [[Testament]] | * [[Testament]] | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
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"Did you know that God is alive and lives in Brussels with his daughter?"--The Brand New Testament (2015) by Jaco Van Dormael "Who wrote the New Testament? Christian scholars admit that they do not know. They admit that, if the four gospels were written by Matthew, Mark, Luke and John, they must have been written in Hebrew. And yet a Hebrew manuscript of any one of these gospels has never been found. All have been and are in Greek. So, educated theologians admit that the Epistles, James and Jude, were written by persons who had never seen one of the four gospels. In these Epistles—in James and Jude—no reference is made to any of the gospels, nor to any miracle recorded in them."--About the Holy Bible (1894) by Robert G. Ingersoll |
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The New Testament (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christianity. The New Testament's background, the first division of the Christian Bible, is called the Old Testament, which is based primarily upon the Hebrew Bible; together they are regarded as sacred scripture by Christians.
Historical background
Most scholars who study the Historical Jesus and Early Christianity believe that the Canonical Gospels and life of Jesus must be viewed as firmly placed within his historical and cultural context, rather than purely in terms of Christian orthodoxy. They look at the "forces" which were in play regarding the Jewish culture at that time, and the tensions, trends, and changes in the region under the influence of Hellenism and the Roman occupation.
Thus, the cultural and historical context of Jesus is that of 1st century Galilee and Roman Judea, and the traditions of Second Temple Judaism.
By Pompey's 63 BCE siege of Jerusalem, the partially Hellenized territory had come under Roman imperial rule as a valued crossroads to trading territories and buffer state against the Parthian Empire. Beginning in 6 CE, Roman prefect's were appointed whose first duty to Rome was to maintain order through a political appointee the High Priest. After the uprising during the Census of Quirinius (6 CE) and before Pilate (26 CE), in general, Roman Judea was peaceful and self-managed, although riots, sporadic rebellions, and violent resistance were an ongoing risk. The conflict between the Jews' demand for religious independence and Rome's efforts to impose a common system of governance meant there was underlying tension.
Four decades after Jesus' death the tensions culminated with the first Jewish-Roman War and the destruction of the Second Temple in Jerusalem. This, in turn, is commonly seen as a catalyst for the final stage in the birth and divergence of Early Christianity and Rabbinic Judaism.
- See also
- Assyro-Babylonian culture
- Christianity and Judaism
- Hellenistic Greece
- History of ancient Israel and Judah
- Jesus in the Christian Bible
- Jesus in the Talmud
- Jesus Seminar
- Judeo-Christian tradition
- Julio-Claudian dynasty
- Paideia
- Roman Empire
- Romanitas, Culture of Rome
- Social life in Babylonia and Assyria
See also
