Étienne-Jean Georget
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| + | [[Image:Portrait of a Kleptomaniac or Portrait of an Insane Person (French L'Aliéné or Le Kleptomane) is a 1822 oil painting by Théodore Géricault.jpg|thumb|left||200px|''[[Portrait of a Kleptomaniac]]'' (1822) by [[Théodore Géricault]]]] | ||
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| - | [[Étienne-Jean Georget]] ([[1795]] - [[1828]]) was French doctor, a student of [[Jean Esquirol]] and [[Philippe Pinel]]. After finishing his studies in Tours he practiced and the famous [[Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital]]. He made contributions through the study of [[psychosis]] and [[psychopathology]] but his work primarily survives through the ten paintings (only five still extant) that [[Géricault]] made of some of his patients who were suffering from what were then was known as "[[monomania]]s". The five surviving paintings, from what was reportedly a series of 10, include a [[kleptomaniac]], a woman with a mania for gambling, a military obsessive and a victim of envy. | + | '''Étienne-Jean Georget''' (1795 – 1828) was a [[French psychiatrist]] who was a native of [[Vernou-sur-Brenne]], department [[Indre-et-Loire]], best-known as the patron of ''[[the monomanies series by Géricault]]''. |
| - | == The ''monomanies'' series by Géricault == | + | He studied medicine in [[Tours]] and [[Paris]], and afterwards worked at the [[Salpêtrière]]. In Paris he was a student and assistant to [[Philippe Pinel]] and [[Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol]]. |
| - | '''''The Monomaniacs''''' is a series of ten paintings by [[Théodore Géricault]] produced between 1821 and 1824 of the patients of [[Étienne-Jean Georget]], head physician at the [[Salpêtrière]] Parisian psychiatric ward. The paintings were commissioned by Georget so that his students could study the physical traits of these "[[monomaniacs]]", in a sort of scientific realism that parallels the [[literary realism]] of that time. | + | |
| - | The surviving paintings are: | + | Georget specialized in the study of [[psychopathology]], and made improvements to Pinel's [[nosology]] of mental illnesses. He classified several types of [[monomania]] by names such as "theomania" (religious obsession), "[[erotomania]]" (sexual obsession), "demonomania" (obsession with evil) and "homicidal monomania", which dealt with senseless murder. |
| - | *''La monomanie de l'envie'' (Eng: [http://www.jahsonic.com/Envy.jpg Portrait of a Woman Suffering from Obsessive Envy]) | + | |
| - | *''La monomanie du jeu'' [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:GericaultMonomaniacOfGame.jpg Monomaniac of Gambling] | + | |
| - | *''La monomanie du vol'' (Eng: [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Gericault_Insane.jpg A Kleptomaniac]) | + | |
| - | *''Monomanie du commandement militaire '' (Eng: [http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:GericaultMonomaniacOfMilitaryCommander.jpg Military obsessive] | + | |
| - | *''Monomanie du vol des enfants'' [http://www.flickr.com/photos/jahsonic/548394161/ Compulsive Child Kidnapping] | + | |
| - | === Dutch description === | + | In the early 1820s he commissioned painter [[Théodore Géricault]] to paint a series of portraits of mental patients so that his students could study the facial traits of "monomaniacs". Between 1821 and 1824 Géricault created ten paintings of mental patients, including those of a kidnapper, a kleptomaniac (see ''[[Portrait of a Kleptomaniac]]''), a gambling addict and a woman "consumed with envy". |
| - | :Vanaf 1822 schilderde Géricault in een jaar tijd vijf realistische olieverfportretten van patiënten van Georget. Volgens Charles Clement, schrijver van het boek Géricault. ''Etude Bibliographique et critique'' uit 1867, waren er oorspronkelijk tien schilderijen die Géricault tussen 1821 en 1824 voor Georget schilderde. De vijf gevonden portretten van geesteszieken zijn van drie mannen en twee vrouwen uit de instelling waar Georget werkte. De patiënten zijn frontaal afgebeeld en zijn gekleed in hun eigen kledij. Géricault schilderde hen zonder achtergrond of accessoires en zonder theatrale expressies of gebaren. Hij zag de patiënten als individuen en zo heeft hij ze ook afgebeeld. De portretten tonen niet direct dat het geesteszieken zijn. De titels maken dit echter wel duidelijk: | + | |
| - | *1 Monomanie du commandement militaire (waanzin gericht op het leger) | + | == Works == |
| - | *2 Monomanie du vol des enfants (kinderlokker) | + | * ''[[De la folie. Considerations sur cette maladie.]]'' (1820) |
| - | *3 Monomanie du vol (kleptomaan) | + | * ''De la Physiologie du système nerveux'' (1821) |
| - | *4 Monomanie du jeu (gokverslaafde) | + | *''Examen médical des procès criminels des nommés Léger, Feldtmann, Lecouffe, Jean-Pierre et Papavoine, dans lesquels l'aliénation mentale a été alléguée comme moyen de défense, suivi de quelques considérations médico-légales sur la liberté morale'' (1825) |
| - | *5 Monomanie de l’envie (waanzin gericht op jaloezie) | + | * ''Discussion médico-légale sur la folie ou alienation mentale'' (1826) |
| - | === Bibliography === | ||
| - | *[http://arts.guardian.co.uk/portrait/story/0,,739742,00.html Man with the 'Monomania' of Child Kidnapping, Theodore Géricault] | ||
| - | ==Bibliography== | ||
| - | * "De la [[folie]], Textes choisis et présentés par J. Postel, Ed.: Privat, Coll.: [[Rhadamanthe]], 1972 (1999, Ed.: L'Harmattan, ISBN 2738483445 | ||
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| - | ==Internal links == | ||
| - | * [[The Kleptomaniac]] by [[Théodore Géricault]] | ||
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Étienne-Jean Georget (1795 – 1828) was a French psychiatrist who was a native of Vernou-sur-Brenne, department Indre-et-Loire, best-known as the patron of the monomanies series by Géricault.
He studied medicine in Tours and Paris, and afterwards worked at the Salpêtrière. In Paris he was a student and assistant to Philippe Pinel and Jean-Étienne Dominique Esquirol.
Georget specialized in the study of psychopathology, and made improvements to Pinel's nosology of mental illnesses. He classified several types of monomania by names such as "theomania" (religious obsession), "erotomania" (sexual obsession), "demonomania" (obsession with evil) and "homicidal monomania", which dealt with senseless murder.
In the early 1820s he commissioned painter Théodore Géricault to paint a series of portraits of mental patients so that his students could study the facial traits of "monomaniacs". Between 1821 and 1824 Géricault created ten paintings of mental patients, including those of a kidnapper, a kleptomaniac (see Portrait of a Kleptomaniac), a gambling addict and a woman "consumed with envy".
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Works
- De la folie. Considerations sur cette maladie. (1820)
- De la Physiologie du système nerveux (1821)
- Examen médical des procès criminels des nommés Léger, Feldtmann, Lecouffe, Jean-Pierre et Papavoine, dans lesquels l'aliénation mentale a été alléguée comme moyen de défense, suivi de quelques considérations médico-légales sur la liberté morale (1825)
- Discussion médico-légale sur la folie ou alienation mentale (1826)
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