1609
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| * [[March]] – [[Hugo Grotius]] publishes ''[[Mare Liberum]]'', his legal text on [[freedom of the seas]], in [[Leiden]]. | * [[March]] – [[Hugo Grotius]] publishes ''[[Mare Liberum]]'', his legal text on [[freedom of the seas]], in [[Leiden]]. | ||
| - | * [[April 4]] – King [[Philip III of Spain]] signs an edict to expel of all [[Morisco]]s from his country (''see'' [[September 11]]). | ||
| - | |||
| - | ** English explorer [[Henry Hudson]], in the service of the [[Dutch East India Company]], sets out from [[Amsterdam]] in the ''[[Halve Maen]]''. | ||
| - | * [[April 5]] – [[Invasion of Ryukyu]] in Japan: Soldiers of the [[Shimazu clan]] capture the castle on [[Ryukyu Island]], beginning to make the [[Ryukyu Kingdom]] a vassal of [[Satsuma Domain|Satsuma]] [[Han (administrative division)|Han]]. But Ryukyu was still allowed to keep itself a [[tribute state]] of [[Ming dynasty]] and [[Qing dynasty]]. | ||
| * [[April 9]] – [[Treaty of Antwerp (1609)|Treaty of Antwerp]]: The [[Dutch Republic|Netherlands]] and [[Spanish Empire|Spain]] agree to the [[Twelve Years' Truce]] (1609–[[1621]]) in the [[Eighty Years' War]], allowing the [[Dutch East India Company]] to trade within the Spanish Empire. | * [[April 9]] – [[Treaty of Antwerp (1609)|Treaty of Antwerp]]: The [[Dutch Republic|Netherlands]] and [[Spanish Empire|Spain]] agree to the [[Twelve Years' Truce]] (1609–[[1621]]) in the [[Eighty Years' War]], allowing the [[Dutch East India Company]] to trade within the Spanish Empire. | ||
| - | * [[May 20]] – London publisher [[Thomas Thorpe]] issues ''[[Shakespeare's Sonnets|Shake-speares Sonnets]]'', with a dedication to "Mr. W.H.", and the poem ''[[A Lover's Complaint]]'' appended; it is uncertain whether this publication has [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]]'s authority. | ||
| - | * [[May 23]] – The [[Second Virginia Charter]] is officially ratified; it is intended to replace the council with a governor, who has absolute control in the colony. | ||
| - | |||
| - | === July–December === | ||
| - | * [[July]] – [[Samuel de Champlain]] claims the [[Lake Champlain]] area of [[Vermont]], for the [[Kingdom of France]]. | ||
| - | * [[July 6]] – [[Bohemia]] is granted freedom of religion (''[[Letter of Majesty]]''). | ||
| - | * [[July 10]] – The German [[Catholic League (German)|Catholic League]] is formed to counteract the [[Protestant Union]]. | ||
| - | * [[July 23]] – A hurricane at sea separates the nine [[London Company]]'s ships (600 more settlers) ''en route'' to relieve the [[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown]] settlement; one ship sinks, and the ''[[Sea Venture]]'' is driven ashore at [[Bermuda]] on [[July 25]], thus effectively first settling the colony. | ||
| - | * [[July 30]] – At what is now [[Crown Point, New York]], [[Samuel de Champlain]] participates in a battle between the [[Wyandot people|Huron]] and [[Iroquois]], shooting and killing two [[Iroquois]] [[Tribal chief|chiefs]]; this helps set the tone for French–[[Iroquois]] relations for the next 100 years. | ||
| - | * [[August 25]] – [[Galileo Galilei]] demonstrates his first [[telescope]] to [[Republic of Venice|Venetian]] officials. | ||
| - | * [[August 28]] – [[Henry Hudson]] is the first European to see [[Delaware Bay]]. | ||
| - | * August – Seven ships arrive at the colony of [[Jamestown, Virginia]], with 200–300 men, women, and children, reporting the ''Sea Venture'' wrecked near [[Bermuda]]. | ||
| - | * [[September 2]] – [[Henry Hudson]] enters [[New York Bay]], aboard the ''[[Halve Maen]]''. | ||
| - | * [[September 10]] – [[Jamestown, Virginia|Jamestown]]: Capt. [[George Percy]] replaces Captain [[John Smith (explorer)|John Smith]] as president of the Council, and Smith returns to [[Kingdom of England|England]]. | ||
| * [[September 11]] – [[Kingdom of Valencia|Valencia]] expels all the [[Morisco]]s (''see'' [[April 4]]). | * [[September 11]] – [[Kingdom of Valencia|Valencia]] expels all the [[Morisco]]s (''see'' [[April 4]]). | ||
| - | * [[September 11]]–[[September 12|12]] – [[Henry Hudson]] in the ''[[Halve Maen]]'' sails into [[Upper New York Bay]], and begins a journey up the [[Hudson River]]. | ||
| - | * [[October 12]] – A version of the rhyme ''[[Three Blind Mice]]'' is published in London. | ||
| - | === Date unknown === | ||
| - | * The [[Dutch East India Company]] imports [[tea]] to Europe. | ||
| - | * The [[Dutch East India Company]] establishes a [[trading post]] in [[Hirado]], Japan. | ||
| - | * The [[Scrooby Congregation]] of Protestant [[English Separatists]] (predecessors of the [[Pilgrim Fathers]]) moves from Amsterdam to Leiden. | ||
| - | * [[Warsaw]] becomes the capital of [[Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth|Poland]]. | ||
| - | * The municipality of [[Buenavista, Marinduque|Buenavista]] in [[Marinduque]], [[Philippines]] is founded. | ||
| - | * The [[Statutes of Iona]] are passed, marking the end of the bloody feuds between the clans in the [[Scottish Highlands]]. | ||
| - | * The [[Douay–Rheims Bible]] [[Old Testament]] translation from the [[Vulgate]] into English vol. 1 is published in [[Reims]]. | ||
| - | * English-born Sister [[Mary Ward (nun)|Mary Ward]] founds the [[Sisters of Loreto]] at [[Saint-Omer]], at this time in the [[Spanish Netherlands]]. | ||
| - | * [[Johannes Kepler]] publishes his first two [[Kepler's laws of planetary motion|laws of planetary motion]] in ''[[Astronomia nova]]''. | ||
| - | * [[Cornelis Drebbel]] invents the [[thermostat]].</onlyinclude> | ||
| - | * "Egyptians" (i.e., [[Romany people]]) are expelled from the [[Kingdom of Scotland]]. | ||
| + | ===Literature=== | ||
| + | ====Fiction==== | ||
| + | * [[May 20]] – London publisher [[Thomas Thorpe]] issues ''[[Shakespeare's Sonnets|Shake-speares Sonnets]]'', with a dedication to "Mr. W.H.", and the poem ''[[A Lover's Complaint]]'' appended; it is uncertain whether this publication has [[William Shakespeare|Shakespeare]]'s authority. | ||
| + | * [[October 12]] – A version of the rhyme ''[[Three Blind Mice]]'' is published in London. | ||
| + | ====Non-fiction==== | ||
| + | ===Visual art=== | ||
| + | ===Music=== | ||
| + | ===Architecture=== | ||
| == Births == | == Births == | ||
| - | [[File:Suckling.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[John Suckling (poet)|John Suckling]]]] | + | * [[February 10]] - [[John Suckling (poet)|John Suckling]], English poet (d. [[1642]]) |
| - | [[File:Judith Leyster - Self-Portrait - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Judith Leyster]]]] | + | |
| - | [[File:Paul Fleming.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Paul Fleming (poet)|Paul Fleming]]]] | + | |
| - | [[File:Alaux - Josias Rantzau (1609-1650) - MV 1002.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Josias von Rantzau]]]] | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===January–March=== | + | |
| - | * [[January 18]] | + | |
| - | ** [[Ferdinando Hastings, 6th Earl of Huntingdon]], English politician (d. [[1656]]) | + | |
| - | ** [[Henry Oxenden (poet)|Henry Oxenden]], English poet (d. [[1670]]) | + | |
| - | * [[January 20]] – [[Carlo Ceresa]], Italian painter (d. [[1679]]) | + | |
| - | * [[January 30]] – [[Václav Eusebius František, Prince of Lobkowicz]], Austrian field marshal and prince (d. [[1677]]) | + | |
| - | * [[February 10]] | + | |
| - | ** [[Lancelot Lake]], Member of the English Parliament of (d. [[1680]]) | + | |
| - | ** [[John Suckling (poet)|John Suckling]], English poet (d. [[1642]]) | + | |
| - | * [[February 14]] – [[Bartram de Fouchier]], Dutch painter (d. [[1673]]) | + | |
| - | * [[February 18]] – [[Edward Hyde, 1st Earl of Clarendon]], English statesman and historian (d. [[1674]]) | + | |
| - | * [[February 21]] – [[Raimondo Montecuccoli]], Italian general (d. [[1680]]) | + | |
| - | * [[March 16]] | + | |
| - | ** [[Michael Franck]], German composer and poet (d. [[1667]]) | + | |
| - | ** [[Agostino Mitelli]], Italian painter (d. [[1660]]) | + | |
| - | * [[March 18]] – King [[Frederick III of Denmark]] (d. [[1670]]) | + | |
| - | * [[March 22]] – [[John II Casimir of Poland]] (d. [[1672]]) | + | |
| - | * [[March 23]] – [[Johann Heinrich Schönfeld]], German artist (d. [[1684]]) | + | |
| - | * [[March 25]] – [[Paul Fréart de Chantelou]], French collector and patron of the arts (d. [[1694]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===April–June=== | + | |
| - | * [[April 6]] – [[Walter Aston, 2nd Lord Aston of Forfar]], second and eldest surviving son of Walter Aston (d. [[1678]]) | + | |
| - | * [[April 15]] – [[Richard Winwood (MP)|Richard Winwood]], English politician (d. [[1688]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 6]] – [[Antonie Waterloo]], Flemish painter (d. [[1690]]) | + | |
| - | * [[May 10]] – [[Mauritia Eleonora of Portugal]], Princess of Portugal and through marriage countess of Nassau-Siegen (d. [[1674]]) | + | |
| - | * [[June 2]] – [[Zsófia Bosnyák]], Hungarian noblewoman (d. [[1644]]) | + | |
| - | * [[June 17]] – [[John of Hesse-Braubach]], German general (d. [[1651]]) | + | |
| - | * [[June 29]] – [[Pierre-Paul Riquet]], French engineer and canal builder (d. [[1680]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===July–September=== | + | |
| - | * [[July 17]] – [[Wilhelm Gumppenberg]], German Jesuit theologian (d. [[1675]]) | + | |
| - | * [[July 28]] – [[Judith Leyster]], Dutch painter (d. [[1660]]) | + | |
| - | * [[July 29]] – [[Maria Gonzaga, Duchess of Montferrat]], Italian noble (d. [[1660]]) | + | |
| - | * [[August 6]] – [[Richard Bennett (Governor)|Richard Bennett]], British Colonial Governor of Virginia (d. [[1675]]) | + | |
| - | * [[August 21]] – [[Jean Rotrou]], French poet and tragedian (d. [[1650]]) | + | |
| - | * [[August 25]] – [[Giovanni Battista Salvi da Sassoferrato]] (d. [[1685]]) | + | |
| - | * [[August 30]] | + | |
| - | ** [[Sir Alexander Carew, 2nd Baronet]], English politician (d. [[1644]]) | + | |
| - | ** [[Artus Quellinus the Elder]], Flemish sculptor (d. [[1668]]) | + | |
| - | * [[September 3]] – [[Raymond Breton]], French missionary (d. [[1679]]) | + | |
| - | * [[September 19]] (or [[1605]]) – [[Thomas Gouge]], English minister (d. [[1681]]) | + | |
| - | + | ||
| - | ===October–December=== | + | |
| * [[October 5]] – [[Paul Fleming (poet)|Paul Fleming]], German physician and poet (d. [[1640]]) | * [[October 5]] – [[Paul Fleming (poet)|Paul Fleming]], German physician and poet (d. [[1640]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 8]] – [[John Clarke (Baptist minister)|John Clarke]], English physician (d. [[1676]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 9]] – [[Thomas Weston, 4th Earl of Portland]], younger son of the Richard Weston (d. [[1688]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 14]] – [[Ernest Günther, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Augustenburg]], Duke of Schleswig-Holstein of its Sonderborg line (d. [[1689]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 16]] – [[Thomas Minors]], English politician and merchant (d. [[1677]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 18]] – [[Josias von Rantzau]], Marshal of France (d. [[1650]]) | ||
| * [[October 19]] – [[Gerrard Winstanley]], English Protestant religious reformer (d. [[1676]]) | * [[October 19]] – [[Gerrard Winstanley]], English Protestant religious reformer (d. [[1676]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 26]] – [[William Sprague (1609–1675)|William Sprague]], English co-founder of Charlestown, Massachusetts (d. [[1675]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 29]] – [[Wadham Wyndham (judge)|Wadham Wyndham]], English judge (d. [[1668]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 1]] – [[Matthew Hale (jurist)|Matthew Hale]], Lord Chief Justice of England (d. [[1676]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 23]] – [[Sophia Eleonore of Saxony]], German duchess (d. [[1671]]) | ||
| * [[November 25]] – [[Henrietta Maria of France]], queen of [[Charles I of England]] (d. [[1669]]) | * [[November 25]] – [[Henrietta Maria of France]], queen of [[Charles I of England]] (d. [[1669]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 26]] – [[Henry Dunster]], first President of Harvard College (d. [[1659]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 6]] – [[Nicholas Francis, Duke of Lorraine]] (d. [[1670]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 11]] – [[Alexander Cooper]], English Baroque miniature painter (d. [[1660]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 13]] – [[Isbrand van Diemerbroeck]], Dutch physician (d. [[1674]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 24]] – [[Philip Warwick]], English writer and politician (d. [[1683]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 30]] – [[Anna Maria von Eggenberg, née Brandenburg-Bayreuth]], Austrian noble (d. [[1680]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===Date unknown=== | ||
| - | * [[Luc d'Achery]], French Benedictine (d. [[1685]]) | ||
| - | * [[Samuel Cooper]], English miniature painter (d. [[1672]]) | ||
| - | * [[Alberich Mazak]], Austrian composer (d. [[1661]]) | ||
| - | * [[Elizabeth Isham]], English diarist (d. [[1654]]) | ||
| - | * [[Hannibal Sehested (governor)|Hannibal Sehested]], Danish statesman (d. [[1666]]) | ||
| - | * [[Thomas Greene (governor)|Thomas Greene]], [[List of colonial governors of Maryland|Colonial governor of Maryland]] (d. [[1651]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===Probable=== | ||
| - | [[Gauthier de Costes, seigneur de la Calprenède]], French novelist and dramatist (d. [[1663]]) | ||
| == Deaths == | == Deaths == | ||
| - | [[File:Isabelle de limeuil cropped.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Isabelle de Limeuil]]]] | ||
| - | [[File:Annibale Carracci - Self-portrait.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Annibale Carracci]]]] | ||
| - | [[File:SaintJeanLeonardi02.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[John Leonardi]]]] | ||
| - | [[File:James Arminius 2.jpg|thumb|right|110px|[[Jacobus Arminius]]]] | ||
| - | |||
| - | === January–March === | ||
| - | * January – [[Thomas East]], English printer (born c. 1540) | ||
| - | * [[January 9]] – [[Joannes Bochius]], civic officeholder and neo-Latin poet in the city of Antwerp (b. [[1555]]) | ||
| * [[January 21]] – [[Joseph Justus Scaliger]], French Protestant scholar (b. [[1540]]) | * [[January 21]] – [[Joseph Justus Scaliger]], French Protestant scholar (b. [[1540]]) | ||
| - | * [[February 17]] – [[Ferdinando I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany]] (b. [[1549]]) | ||
| - | * [[February 28]] – [[Paul Sartorius (composer)|Paul Sartorius]], German composer (b. [[1569]]) | ||
| - | * March – [[James Hamilton, 3rd Earl of Arran]] (b. c. [[1537]]) | ||
| - | * [[March 9]] – [[William Warner (poet)|William Warner]], English poet (b. c. [[1558]]) | ||
| - | * [[March 17]] – [[Olaus Martini]], Swedish Archbishop of Uppsala (b. [[1557]]) | ||
| - | * [[March 22]] – [[Al-Jilani]], Persian physician | ||
| - | * [[March 25]] | ||
| - | ** [[Isabelle de Limeuil]], French noble (b. [[1535]]) | ||
| - | ** [[John William, Duke of Jülich-Cleves-Berg]] (b. [[1562]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === April–June === | ||
| - | * [[April 4]] – [[Charles de L'Ecluse]], Flemish botanist (b. [[1526]]) | ||
| - | * [[April 6]] – [[Merkelis Giedraitis]], Lithuanian bishop (b. [[1536]]) | ||
| - | * [[April 8]] – [[Mark Kerr, 1st Earl of Lothian]], Scottish statesman (b. [[1553]]) | ||
| - | * [[April 9]] – [[William Overton (bishop)|William Overton]], English bishop (b. [[1525]]) | ||
| - | * [[April 11]] – [[John Lumley, 1st Baron Lumley]], English Baron (b. [[1533]]) | ||
| - | * [[April 14]] – [[Gasparo da Salò]] (Gasparo Bertolotti), Italian violin maker(b. [[1540]]) | ||
| - | * [[May 15]] – [[Giovanni Croce]], Italian composer (b. [[1557]]) | ||
| - | * [[May 19]] | ||
| - | ** [[Jacob Lorhard]], German philosopher (b. [[1561]]) | ||
| - | ** [[García Hurtado de Mendoza, 5th Marquis of Cañete]] (b. [[1535]]) | ||
| - | * [[June 15]] – [[Yamada Arinobu]], Japanese nobleman (b. [[1544]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === July–September === | ||
| * [[July 15]] – [[Annibale Carracci]], Italian Baroque painter (b. [[1560]]) | * [[July 15]] – [[Annibale Carracci]], Italian Baroque painter (b. [[1560]]) | ||
| * [[July 20]] – [[Federico Zuccari]], Italian painter (b. [[1543]]) | * [[July 20]] – [[Federico Zuccari]], Italian painter (b. [[1543]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 4]] – [[Cecily Bulstrode]], English courtier (b. [[1584]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 7]] – [[Eustache Du Caurroy]], French composer (b. [[1549]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 6]] – [[André du Laurens]], French physician (b. [[1558]]) | ||
| - | * [[August 28]] – [[Francis Vere]], English soldier (b. c. [[1560]]) | ||
| - | * [[September 2]] – [[Thomas Scrope, 10th Baron Scrope of Bolton]], English general (b. [[1567]]) | ||
| - | * [[September 3]] – [[Jean Richardot]], Belgian diplomat (b. [[1540]]) | ||
| - | * [[September 17]] – [[Maharal of Prague]], Jewish mystic and philosopher (b. [[1525]]) | ||
| - | * [[September 29]] – [[Ebba Lilliehöök]], Swedish countess (b. [[1529]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | === October–December === | ||
| - | * [[October 1]] – [[Giammateo Asola]], Italian composer (b. c. [[1532]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 9]] – [[John Leonardi]], Italian founder of the Clerks Regular of the Mother of God of Lucca (b. [[1541]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 16]] – [[Dorothea Hedwig of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel]], Princess of Anhalt-Zerbst (b. [[1587]]) | ||
| - | * [[October 19]] – [[Jacobus Arminius]], Dutch Reformed theologian (b. [[1560]]) | ||
| - | * [[November 19]] – [[Miguel de Ayatumo]], Filipino Jesuit seminarian (b. ca. [[1593]]) | ||
| - | * [[December]] – [[Barnabe Barnes]], English poet (b. c. [[1571]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 4]] – [[Alexander Hume]], Scottish poet (b. [[1560]]) | ||
| - | * [[December 16]] – [[Arild Huitfeldt]], Danish historian (b. [[1546]]) | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | ===Literature=== | ||
| - | ====Fiction==== | ||
| - | ====Non-fiction==== | ||
| - | ===Visual art=== | ||
| - | ===Music=== | ||
| - | ===Architecture=== | ||
| - | == Births == | ||
| - | ==Deaths == | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
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1609 (MDCIX) is the 609th year of the 2nd millennium, the 9th year of the 17th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1600s decade.
Contents |
[edit]
Art and culture
[edit]
Events
- March – Hugo Grotius publishes Mare Liberum, his legal text on freedom of the seas, in Leiden.
- April 9 – Treaty of Antwerp: The Netherlands and Spain agree to the Twelve Years' Truce (1609–1621) in the Eighty Years' War, allowing the Dutch East India Company to trade within the Spanish Empire.
- September 11 – Valencia expels all the Moriscos (see April 4).
[edit]
Literature
[edit]
Fiction
- May 20 – London publisher Thomas Thorpe issues Shake-speares Sonnets, with a dedication to "Mr. W.H.", and the poem A Lover's Complaint appended; it is uncertain whether this publication has Shakespeare's authority.
- October 12 – A version of the rhyme Three Blind Mice is published in London.
[edit]
Non-fiction
[edit]
Visual art
[edit]
Music
[edit]
Architecture
[edit]
Births
- February 10 - John Suckling, English poet (d. 1642)
- October 5 – Paul Fleming, German physician and poet (d. 1640)
- October 19 – Gerrard Winstanley, English Protestant religious reformer (d. 1676)
- November 25 – Henrietta Maria of France, queen of Charles I of England (d. 1669)
[edit]
Deaths
- January 21 – Joseph Justus Scaliger, French Protestant scholar (b. 1540)
- July 15 – Annibale Carracci, Italian Baroque painter (b. 1560)
- July 20 – Federico Zuccari, Italian painter (b. 1543)
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "1609" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
