Anthropology
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| *[[College of Sociology]] | *[[College of Sociology]] | ||
| **[[Georges Bataille]] | **[[Georges Bataille]] | ||
| - | + | *[[Visual anthropology]] | |
| *[[Ethnology]] | *[[Ethnology]] | ||
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| *[[Mondo films]] | *[[Mondo films]] | ||
| - | + | ==Titles== | |
| *''[[The Accursed Share]]'' by Georges Bataille | *''[[The Accursed Share]]'' by Georges Bataille | ||
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| - | *''[[The Origins of Music]]'' (1999)- Nils L. Wallin (Editor), Björn Merker (Editor), Steven Brown (Editor) [Amazon US] | ||
| - | What biological and cognitive forces have shaped humankind's musical behaviour and the rich global repertoire of musical structures? What is music for, and why does every human culture have it? What are the universal features of music and musical behaviour across cultures? In this book, musicologists, biologists, anthropologists, archaeologists, psychologists, neuroscientists, ethologists and linguists come together for the first time to examine these and related issues. The book can be viewed as representing the birth of evolutionary biomusicology -the study of which will contribute greatly to our understanding of the evolutionary precursors of human music, the evolution of the hominid vocal tract, localization of brain function, the structure of acoustic-communication signals, symbolic gesture, emotional manipulation through sound, self-expression, creativity, the human affinity for the spiritual, and the human attachment to music itself. | ||
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| - | *''[[Picturing Culture: Explorations of Film and Anthropology]]'' - Jay Ruby | ||
| - | Here, Jay Ruby - a founder of visual anthropology - distills his 30-year exploration of the relationship of film and anthropology. Spurred by a conviction that the ideal of an anthropological cinema has not even remotely begun to be realized, Ruby argues that ethnographic filmmakers should generate a set of critical standards analogous to those for written ethnographies. Cinematic artistry and the desire to entertain, he argues, can eclipse the original intention, which is to provide an anthropological representation of the subjects. The book begins with analyses of key filmmakers (Robert Flaherty, Robert Garner and Tim Asch) who have striven to generate profound statements about human behaviour on film. Ruby then discusses the idea of research film, Eric Michaels and indigenous media, the ethics of representation, the nature of ethnography, anthropological knowledge and film, and lays the groundwork for a critical approach to the field that borrows selectively from film, communication, media and cultural studies. Witty and original, yet intensely theoretical, this collection is a major contribution to the field of visual anthropology. | ||
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| *''[[The Naked Ape]]'' (1967) - Desmond Morris | *''[[The Naked Ape]]'' (1967) - Desmond Morris | ||
| *''[[The Golden Bough]]'' (1890) - James George Frazer | *''[[The Golden Bough]]'' (1890) - James George Frazer | ||
| *''[[The Mothers]]'' (1927) - [[Robert Briffault]] | *''[[The Mothers]]'' (1927) - [[Robert Briffault]] | ||
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| - | Old Fashioned Quality Research | ||
| - | The three volumes that form this work are an incredible source of information. Briffault, more or less an amateur yet with lots of time on his hands during WW1, went about his study of cultural institutions, rules and taboos like a loving stamp collector. He carefully documented his sources; and therefore his footnotes and bibliography alone make this work a gold mine. That his outlook was refreshingly less patriarchal and judgmental than that of most his colleagues of the time, for example Sir J.G. Frazier and his famous Golden Bough (1922), makes him all the more readable. | ||
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| - | From the Mysteries of Eleusis to tribal fertility dances, from defloration customs to ritual prostitution, from strange marriage ceremonies to circumcision, "The Mothers" is a major source for "Dirty Laundry" from all over the globe. --http://www.yoniversum.nl/blissbooks/review/briffmother.html [Mar 2005] | ||
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| - | Robert Briffault, novelist, social anthropologist, and surgeon, was born in Nice, France in 1876. He was educated at the University of Dunedin and Christ Church University and began medical practice in 1901 in New Zealand. In May 1896 he married Anna Clarke; the couple had three children, Lister, Muriel, and Joan, born from 1897 to 1901. After service on the Western Front during World War I, he settled in England, his wife having died. In the late 1920s he married again, to Herma Hoyt (1898-1981), an American writer and translator, best known for her English translations of modern French literature. The Brifffaults became clients of the literay agent William Bradley and were befriended by his wife, Jenny. Briffault is the author of several books, including The Mothers (1927) and Europa (1935). He died in Hastings, Sussex, England on 11 December 1948. --http://library.mcmaster.ca/archives/findaids/fonds/b/briffaul.htm [Mar 2005] | ||
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| *''[[Scatalogic Rites of All Nations]]'' (1891) - John G. Bourke | *''[[Scatalogic Rites of All Nations]]'' (1891) - John G. Bourke | ||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Revision as of 16:52, 26 November 2008
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Anthropology (from Greek: ἀνθρωπος, anthropos, "human being"; and λόγος, logos, "knowledge") is the study of humanity. Anthropology has origins in the natural sciences, the humanities, and the social sciences. Ethnography is both one its primary methods, and the text that is written as a result of the practice of anthropology.
Since the work of Franz Boas and Bronisław Malinowski in the late 19th- and early 20th-centuries, cultural and social anthropology has been distinguished from other social science disciplines by its emphasis on in-depth examination of context, cross-cultural comparisons (socio-cultural anthropology is by nature a comparative discipline), and the importance it places on long-term, experiential immersion in the area of research, often known as participant-observation. Cultural-Social anthropology in particular has emphasized cultural relativity and the use of their findings to frame cultural critiques. This has been particularly prominent in America, from Boas's arguments against 19th-century racial ideology, through Margaret Mead's advocacy for gender equality and sexual liberation, to current criticisms of post-colonial oppression and promotion of multiculturalism.
See also
- Culture
- Émile Durkheim
- Fetishism
- Sociology of culture
- College of Sociology
- Visual anthropology
- Ethnology
- Mondo films
Titles
- The Accursed Share by Georges Bataille
- The Naked Ape (1967) - Desmond Morris
- The Golden Bough (1890) - James George Frazer
- The Mothers (1927) - Robert Briffault
- Scatalogic Rites of All Nations (1891) - John G. Bourke
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "Anthropology" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
