Photography
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
| Revision as of 12:25, 9 May 2007 WikiSysop (Talk | contribs) ← Previous diff |
Revision as of 19:34, 15 May 2007 WikiSysop (Talk | contribs) (→See) Next diff → |
||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
| *[[World Press Photo]] | *[[World Press Photo]] | ||
| *[[Fashion photography]] | *[[Fashion photography]] | ||
| + | *[[Fine art photography]] | ||
Revision as of 19:34, 15 May 2007
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
Photography is the process of recording pictures by means of capturing light on a light-sensitive medium.
The word comes from the Greek words φως phos ("light"), and γραφίς graphis ("stylus", "paintbrush") or γραφή graphê ("representation by means of lines" or "drawing"), together meaning "drawing with light." Traditionally, the product of photography has been called a photograph, commonly abbreviated photo. [1] [May 2007]
History of photography
Modern photography can be traced to the 1820s with the development of chemical photography. The first permanent photograph was an image produced in 1826 by the French inventor Nicéphore Niépce. However, the picture took eight hours to expose, so he went about trying to find a new process. Working in conjunction with Louis Daguerre, they experimented with silver compounds based on a Johann Heinrich Schultz discovery in 1724 that a silver and chalk mixture darkens when exposed to light. Niépce died in 1833, but Daguerre continued the work, eventually culminating with the development of the daguerreotype in 1839.
Meanwhile, Hercules Florence had already created a very similar process in 1832, naming it Photographie, and William Fox Talbot had earlier discovered another means to fix a silver process image but had kept it secret. After reading about Daguerre's invention, Talbot refined his process so that it might be fast enough to take photographs of people. By 1840, Talbot had invented the calotype process, which creates negative images. John Herschel made many contributions to the new methods. He invented the cyanotype process, now familiar as the "blueprint". He was the first to use the terms "photography", "negative" and "positive". He discovered sodium thiosulphate solution to be a solvent of silver halides in 1819, and informed Talbot and Daguerre of his discovery in 1839 that it could be used to "fix" pictures and make them permanent. He made the first glass negative in late 1839.
Many advances in photographic glass plates and printing were made in through the nineteenth century. In 1884, George Eastman developed the technology of film to replace photographic plates, leading to the technology used by film cameras today.
