The Second Manifesto of Surrealism
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- The Second Manifesto of Surrealism
The Second manifeste du surréalisme[1] (Second Surrealist Manifesto, 1930) was a Surrealist manifesto by André Breton.
It was signed by Aragon, Ernst, Buñuel, Char, Crevel, Dali, Eluard, Ernst, Péret, Tanguy, Tzara, Maxime Alexandre, Joe Bousquet, Camille Goemans, Paul Nougé, Francis Ponge, Marco Ristitch, Georges Sadoul, André Thirion, and Albert Valentin.
In 1930 Breton asked Surrealists to assess their "degree of moral competence", and along with other theoretical refinements issued the Second manifeste du surréalisme. The proclamation excluded Surrealists reluctant to commit to collective action: Leiris, Limbour, Morise, Baron, Queneau, Prévert, Desnos, Masson and Boiffard.
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Publishing history
The Second manifeste du surréalisme was first printed in 1929 in the 12th issue of La Révolution surréaliste.
Aftermath
The document purged dissidents and called for political action.
These "dissidents" moved to the periodical Documents, edited by Georges Bataille, whose anti-idealist materialism produced a hybrid Surrealism exposing the base instincts of humans.
Quotations
His boutade "L’acte surréaliste le plus simple consiste, revolvers aux poings, à descendre dans la rue et à tirer au hasard, tant qu’on peut, dans la foule" [The simplest Surrealist act consists of running down into the street, pistols in hand, and firing blindly, as fast as you can pull the trigger, into the crowd]," is often quoted.
Analysis
Dans son étude, Élisabeth Kennel-Renaud compte 8 éléments.
- Caractère factice des vieilles antinomies
- Le surréalisme ne se réclame d'aucune morale
- Critique de certains surréalistes
- Rappel des fondements
- Appel à l'implication sociale
- Mise en garde contre l'endoctrinement politique
- Attirance pour l'ésotérisme
- Refus du succès mercantile
Ce Second manifeste a reçu une réplique cinglante de Robert Desnos in Troisième manifeste du surréalisme.
See also
