Phi phenomenon
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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The term phi phenomenon is used in a narrow sense for an apparent motion that is observed if two nearby optical stimuli are presented in alternation with a relatively high frequency. In contrast to beta movement, seen at lower frequencies, the stimuli themselves do not appear to move. Instead, a diffuse, amorphous shadowlike something seems to jump in front of the stimuli and occlude them temporarily. This shadow seems to have nearly the color of the background.<ref name="Ekroll2008"/> Max Wertheimer first described this form of apparent movement in his habilitation thesis, published 1912,<ref name="Wertheimer1912"/> marking the birth of Gestalt psychology.
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