August 19  

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== Art and culture == == Art and culture ==
-*[[1692]] - [[Salem Witch Trials]]: In [[Salem, Massachusetts]], [[Province of Massachusetts Bay]] five women and a [[clergyman]] are executed after being convicted of [[witchcraft]].+*[[1692]] - [[Salem Witch Trials]]: five women and a [[clergyman]] executed.
-*[[1839]] - Presentation of [[Louis Daguerre|Jacque Daguerre's]] new [[photography|photographic]] process to the [[French Academy of Sciences]].+*[[1839]] - Presentation of [[Louis Daguerre|Jacque Daguerre's]] new [[photography|photographic]] process to the [[French Academy]].
- +*[[1969]] - [[Audio editing]], recording of ''[[Bitches Brew]]'' starts
==Births== ==Births==
*[[1689]] - [[Samuel Richardson]], English writer (d. [[1761]]) *[[1689]] - [[Samuel Richardson]], English writer (d. [[1761]])
*[[1743]] - [[Madame du Barry]], French courtesan (d. [[1793]]) *[[1743]] - [[Madame du Barry]], French courtesan (d. [[1793]])
-*[[1883]] - [[Coco Chanel]], French clothing designer (d. [[1971]])+*[[1883]] - [[Coco Chanel]], French clothing designer (d. 1971)
 +*[[1938]] - [[Joe Frank]], French-born American radio personality (''[[All Things Considered]]'') and humorist. (d. 2018)
*[[1961]] - [[Jonathan Coe]], British author *[[1961]] - [[Jonathan Coe]], British author
-* [[1962 ]] - [[Valérie Kaprisky]], French actress+*[[1962]] - [[Valérie Kaprisky]], French actress
==Deaths== ==Deaths==
-* [[14]] - [[Caesar Augustus|Augustus]], [[Roman Emperor]] (b. [[63 BC]]) 
-*[[1186]] - [[Geoffrey II, Duke of Brittany]] (b. [[1158]]) 
-*[[1245]] - [[Ramon Berenguer IV, Count of Provence]] (b. [[1195]]) 
-*[[1284]] - [[Alphonso, Earl of Chester]], son of [[Edward I of England]] (b. [[1273]]) 
-*[[1297]] - [[Saint Louis of Toulouse]], French Catholic bishop (b. [[1274]]) 
-*[[1493]] - [[Frederick III, Holy Roman Emperor]] (b. [[1415]]) 
*[[1580]] - [[Andrea Palladio]], Italian architect (b. [[1508]]) *[[1580]] - [[Andrea Palladio]], Italian architect (b. [[1508]])
-*[[1646]] - [[Alexander Henderson (theologian)|Alexander Henderson]], Scottish theologian 
*[[1662]] - [[Blaise Pascal]], French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (b. [[1623]]) *[[1662]] - [[Blaise Pascal]], French mathematician, physicist, and philosopher (b. [[1623]])
-*[[1680]] - [[Jean Eudes]], French catholic priest, founder of the [[Eudists]] (b. [[1601]]) 
-*[[1753]] - [[Balthasar Neumann]], German architect (b. [[1687]]) 
-*[[1819]] - [[James Watt]], Scottish inventor (b. [[1736]]) 
-*[[1822]] - [[Jean Baptiste Joseph Delambre]], French mathematician (b. [[1749]]) 
-*[[1883]] - [[Jeremiah S. Black]], American statesman (b. [[1810]]) 
*[[1889]] - [[Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam]], French writer (b. [[1838]]) *[[1889]] - [[Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam]], French writer (b. [[1838]])
-*[[1895]] - [[John Wesley Hardin]], American gunfighter (b. [[1853]])+*[[1905]] - [[William-Adolphe Bouguereau]], French painter (b. [[1825]])
-*[[1900]] - [[Jean-Baptiste Accolay]], Belgian composer (b. [[1833]])+
-*[[1914]] - [[Franz Xavier Wernz]], German Superior General of the Society of Jesus (b. [[1844]])+
*[[1923]] - [[Vilfredo Pareto]], Italian sociologist and economist (b. [[1845]]) *[[1923]] - [[Vilfredo Pareto]], Italian sociologist and economist (b. [[1845]])
*[[1929]] - [[Sergei Diaghilev]], Russian ballet impresario (b. [[1872]]) *[[1929]] - [[Sergei Diaghilev]], Russian ballet impresario (b. [[1872]])
*[[1936]] - [[Federico García Lorca]], Spanish author (b. [[1898]]) *[[1936]] - [[Federico García Lorca]], Spanish author (b. [[1898]])
-*[[1944]] - [[Günther von Kluge]], German field marshal (b. [[1882]])+*[[1957]] - [[Martin Donovan]] United States actor.
-*[[1945]] - [[Tomas Burgos]], Chilean philanthropist (b.[[1875]])+
-1993 Me+
-*[[1950]] - [[Giovanni Giorgi]], Italian physicist (b. [[1871]])+
-*[[1954]] - [[Alcide De Gasperi]], [[Prime Minister of Italy]] (b. [[1881]])+
-*[[1957]] - [[David Bomberg]], English painter (b. [[1890]])+
-* 1957 - [[Carl-Gustaf Rossby]], Swedish meteorologist (b. [[1898]])+
-*[[1959]] - [[Jacob Epstein]], American-born sculptor (b. [[1880]])+
-*[[1963]] - [[Kathleen Parlow]], Canadian violinist (b. [[1890]])+
*[[1967]] - [[Hugo Gernsback]], Luxembourg-born editor and publisher (b. [[1884]]) *[[1967]] - [[Hugo Gernsback]], Luxembourg-born editor and publisher (b. [[1884]])
-*[[1968]] - [[George Gamow]], Ukrainian-born physicist (b. [[1904]]) 
*[[1969]] - [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]], German architect (b. [[1886]]) *[[1969]] - [[Ludwig Mies van der Rohe]], German architect (b. [[1886]])
-*[[1970]] - [[Pawel Jasienica|Paweł Jasienica]], Polish historian (b. [[1909]]) 
-*[[1975]] - [[Jim Londos]], wrestler (b. [[1897]]) 
-*[[1976]] - [[Alastair Sim]], Scottish actor and rector of Edinburgh University (b. [[1900]]) 
*[[1977]] - [[Groucho Marx]], American comedian and actor (b. [[1890]]) *[[1977]] - [[Groucho Marx]], American comedian and actor (b. [[1890]])
-*[[1979]] - [[Dorsey Burnette]], American singer (b. [[1932]]) 
-*[[1980]] - [[Otto Frank]], father of [[Anne Frank]] (b. [[1889]]) 
-*[[1982]] - [[August Neo]], Estonian wrestler (b. [[1908]]) 
-*[[1994]] - [[Linus Pauling]], American chemist, recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry]] and [[Nobel Peace Prize|Peace]] (b. [[1901]]) 
*[[1995]] - [[Pierre Schaeffer]], French composer (b. [[1910]]) *[[1995]] - [[Pierre Schaeffer]], French composer (b. [[1910]])
-*[[2000]] - [[Antonio Pugliese]], Italian professional wrestler (b. [[1941]])+*[[1995]] - [[Ferdinand Cheval]], French postman and outside architect ("Ideal Palace") (b. [[1924]])
-*[[2001]] - [[Donald Woods]], South African journalist and anti-apartheid activist (b. [[1933]])+ 
-* 2000 - [[Bineshwar Brahma]], Bodo literateur and religious figure (birth date unknown)+
-*[[2001]] - [[Betty Everett]], American singer and pianist (b. [[1939]])+
-*[[2003]] - [[Carlos Roberto Reina]], [[President of Honduras]] (b. [[1926]])+
-* 2003 - [[Sérgio Vieira de Mello]], Brazilian diplomat (b. [[1948]])+
-*[[2005]] - [[Bueno de Mesquita]], Dutch comedian and actor (b. [[1918]])+
-* 2005 - [[Mo Mowlam]], British politician (b. [[1949]])+
-== Notes == 
-Hugo Gernsback  
-Ferdinand Cheval  
-Auguste Villiers de l'Isle-Adam  
-Pierre Schaeffer  
-Samuel Richardson  
-Groucho Marx  
-Federico García Lorca  
-William-Adolphe Bouguereau  
-Martin Donovan  
-Mary Millington  
-Coco Chanel  
-Sergei Diaghilev  
-Terry Ramsaye  
-Yasuo Furuhata  
-Blaise Pascal  
-Albert Jay Nock  
-Andrea Palladio  
-Jacques Lob  
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