Ethnic stereotype
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| + | [[Image:L'Absinthe (1876) - Edgar Degas.jpg|thumb|left|200px|[[White people]] in a café<br><small>Illustration: ''[[L'Absinthe]]'' (1876) by Edgar Degas</small>]] | ||
| + | {| class="toccolours" style="float: left; margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 2em; font-size: 85%; background:#c6dbf7; color:black; width:30em; max-width: 40%;" cellspacing="5" | ||
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| + | "What’s [[heaven]]? Heaven is where the [[police]] are [[Britishness|British]], the [[chef]]s are [[France|French]], the [[mechanics]] are [[Germany|German]], the [[lover]]s are [[Italy|Italian]] and the [[bank|banker]]s are [[Switzerland|Swiss]]. | ||
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| + | So then, what’s [[hell]]? Hell is where the police are German, the chefs are British, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss and the bankers are Italian." [[Heaven is where the police are British|[...]]] | ||
| + | <hr> | ||
| + | "[[German toilet]]s are really the key to the [[horrors of the Third Reich]]. People who can build toilets like this are capable of anything."--''[[Fear of Flying (novel)|Fear of Flying]]'' (1973) by Erica Jong | ||
| + | <hr> | ||
| + | "''[[Reel Bad Arabs ]]'' (2006), ''[[The Slanted Screen]]'' (2006) and ''[[Inventing the Indian]]'' (2012) criticize [[racism]] and [[Ethnic stereotype|racial stereotypes]] in cinema."--Sholem Stein | ||
| + | |} | ||
| {{Template}} | {{Template}} | ||
| - | :“[[Heaven is where the police are British]]" | ||
| - | == Mission == | + | An '''ethnic stereotype''' ('''national stereotype''', or '''national character''') or '''racial stereotype''' involves part of a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given [[ethnic group]] or [[nationality]], their [[social status | status]], societal and [[cultural norm]]s. |
| - | Identify national and/or ethnic stereotypes by way of the population's [[counterculture]]s, its [[avant-garde]], its [[underground culture|underground]], its [[subculture]]s and its taste in the [[erotic]] and [[horror]] genres. | + | |
| + | National [[stereotype]]s may relate either to one's own ethnicity/nationality or to a foreign or differing nationality or ethnicity. Stereotypes about one's own [[nation]] may aid in maintaining a [[national identity]] due to a collective relatability to a trait or characteristic. | ||
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| + | Ethnic stereotypes have been a theme in the arts, as in ''[[National Conveniences|National Conveniences: Four Ways of Shitting]]'' (1796) by [[James Gillray]] which depicts how the various nationalities defecate. | ||
| + | ==Ethnic stereotype== | ||
| + | An '''ethnic [[stereotype]]''' is a [[simplified]] and often misleading representation of an [[ethnic group]], composed of what are thought to be typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group. These images of a particular group are used to communicate underlying messages about status, society and cultural norms. | ||
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| + | Ethnic stereotypes are commonly portrayed in [[ethnic joke]]s, most of which usually considered to be offensive in various degrees. | ||
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| + | Jokes of the kind "[[heaven is where the police are British]]" (see ''left'') are considered funny because they are realistic [[caricature]]s of various cultures, and the pervasiveness of such jokes stems from the significant cultural differences. | ||
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| + | Ethnic stereotypes can sometimes reinforce positive values that will benefit one group over another. Such as the typical American hero of Hollywood who will intelligently triumph against all odds. | ||
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| + | [[List of anti-cultural, anti-national, and anti-ethnic terms|Various anti-national phobias and prejudices]] operate with ethnic stereotypes. | ||
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| + | ==Examples== | ||
| + | According to an article by ''[[The Guardian]]'' entitled ''European stereotypes: what do we think of each other and are we right? - interactive'', the Europe stereotype towards Britain is as "drunken, semi-clad hooligans or else snobbish, stiff free marketers", their view towards France is "cowardly, arrogant, chauvinistic, erotomaniacs", and they see Germany as "uber-efficient, diligent [and] disciplined". To Europe, Italy is "tax-dodging, Berlusconi-style and mama's boys, incapable of bravery", Poland is "heavy-drinking [[Catholicism|ultracatholics]] with a whiff of [[antisemitism]]", and Spain is "macho men and fiery woman prone to regular siestas and fiestas". While some countries such as Germany proudly own their stereotype, others like Spain argue that theirs is a warped view based on experiences while on holiday instead of having actually lived there. | ||
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| + | A [[Pew Research Center|Pew Global]] survey of the European countries [[Great Britain|Britain]], [[France]], [[Germany]], [[Spain]], [[Italy]], [[Greece]], [[Poland]], and the [[Czech Republic]] found that European stereotypes found Germany to be both the most hardworking and least corrupt, Greece to be the least hardworking, and Italy to be the most corrupt. It is also worth noting that 5 out of the 8 countries thought their own country was the most corrupt. | ||
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| + | ==Pictural representations== | ||
| + | [[Yanko Tsvetkov]] has designed many maps which serve as pictorial representations of such stereotypes, giving an impression of how certain regions of the world may view others. They have named such as "The Arab Winter" and "Crystal Ball View Of Europe In 2022". | ||
| ==By region== | ==By region== | ||
| *[[Stereotypes of Americans]] | *[[Stereotypes of Americans]] | ||
| - | *[[Sstereotypes of British people]] | + | *[[Stereotypes of British people]] |
| *[[Stereotypes of French people]] | *[[Stereotypes of French people]] | ||
| *[[Stereotype of Germans]] | *[[Stereotype of Germans]] | ||
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| *[[Stereotype of Scottish people]] | *[[Stereotype of Scottish people]] | ||
| *[[Stereotype of Russian people]] | *[[Stereotype of Russian people]] | ||
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| + | == Mission == | ||
| + | Identify national and/or ethnic stereotypes by way of the population's [[counterculture]]s, its [[avant-garde]], its [[underground culture|underground]], its [[subculture]]s and its taste in the [[erotic]] and [[horror]] genres. | ||
| + | ==Anti-national sentiment== | ||
| + | *[[Anti-French sentiment]] | ||
| + | *[[Anti-Americanism]] | ||
| + | *[[Anti-German sentiment]] | ||
| + | *[[Anti-Arabism]] | ||
| + | *[[Anti-Chinese sentiment]] | ||
| + | *[[Anti-Japanese sentiment]] | ||
| == See == | == See == | ||
| - | *[[Culture by region]] | + | *[[Anti-Western sentiment]] |
| - | *[[Anti-national sentiment]] | + | * [[Anti-national sentiment]] |
| - | *[[Cultures of present-day nations and states]] | + | |
| - | * [[Ethnic stereotype]] | + | |
| - | * [[Stereotypes of White Americans and Europeans]] | + | |
| - | * [[Volksgeist]] | + | |
| - | * [[Stereotype]] | + | |
| - | * [[National character]] | + | |
| - | * [[National psychology]] | + | |
| - | * [[Nationalism]] | + | |
| * [[Country]] | * [[Country]] | ||
| + | * [[Culture by region]] | ||
| + | * [[Cultures of present-day nations and states]] | ||
| * [[Ethnicity]] | * [[Ethnicity]] | ||
| + | * [[Ethnic group ]] | ||
| + | * [[Ethnic nationalism ]] | ||
| + | * [[Ethnic enclave]] | ||
| + | * [[List of ethnic slurs]] | ||
| + | * [[List of archetypal names]] | ||
| + | * [[Mores]] | ||
| + | * [[Nationalism]] | ||
| + | * [[National character]] | ||
| + | * [[National psychology]] | ||
| + | * [[Racism]] | ||
| + | * [[Stereotype]] | ||
| + | * [[Stereotype]] | ||
| + | * [[Stereotypes of white people]] | ||
| + | * [[Stereotypes of White Americans and Europeans]] | ||
| + | * [[Stock character]] | ||
| + | * [[Volksgeist]] | ||
| + | |||
| {{GFDL}} | {{GFDL}} | ||
Current revision
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"What’s heaven? Heaven is where the police are British, the chefs are French, the mechanics are German, the lovers are Italian and the bankers are Swiss. So then, what’s hell? Hell is where the police are German, the chefs are British, the mechanics are French, the lovers are Swiss and the bankers are Italian." [...] "German toilets are really the key to the horrors of the Third Reich. People who can build toilets like this are capable of anything."--Fear of Flying (1973) by Erica Jong "Reel Bad Arabs (2006), The Slanted Screen (2006) and Inventing the Indian (2012) criticize racism and racial stereotypes in cinema."--Sholem Stein |
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Featured: |
An ethnic stereotype (national stereotype, or national character) or racial stereotype involves part of a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group or nationality, their status, societal and cultural norms.
National stereotypes may relate either to one's own ethnicity/nationality or to a foreign or differing nationality or ethnicity. Stereotypes about one's own nation may aid in maintaining a national identity due to a collective relatability to a trait or characteristic.
Ethnic stereotypes have been a theme in the arts, as in National Conveniences: Four Ways of Shitting (1796) by James Gillray which depicts how the various nationalities defecate.
Contents |
Ethnic stereotype
An ethnic stereotype is a simplified and often misleading representation of an ethnic group, composed of what are thought to be typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group. These images of a particular group are used to communicate underlying messages about status, society and cultural norms.
Ethnic stereotypes are commonly portrayed in ethnic jokes, most of which usually considered to be offensive in various degrees.
Jokes of the kind "heaven is where the police are British" (see left) are considered funny because they are realistic caricatures of various cultures, and the pervasiveness of such jokes stems from the significant cultural differences.
Ethnic stereotypes can sometimes reinforce positive values that will benefit one group over another. Such as the typical American hero of Hollywood who will intelligently triumph against all odds.
Various anti-national phobias and prejudices operate with ethnic stereotypes.
Examples
According to an article by The Guardian entitled European stereotypes: what do we think of each other and are we right? - interactive, the Europe stereotype towards Britain is as "drunken, semi-clad hooligans or else snobbish, stiff free marketers", their view towards France is "cowardly, arrogant, chauvinistic, erotomaniacs", and they see Germany as "uber-efficient, diligent [and] disciplined". To Europe, Italy is "tax-dodging, Berlusconi-style and mama's boys, incapable of bravery", Poland is "heavy-drinking ultracatholics with a whiff of antisemitism", and Spain is "macho men and fiery woman prone to regular siestas and fiestas". While some countries such as Germany proudly own their stereotype, others like Spain argue that theirs is a warped view based on experiences while on holiday instead of having actually lived there.
A Pew Global survey of the European countries Britain, France, Germany, Spain, Italy, Greece, Poland, and the Czech Republic found that European stereotypes found Germany to be both the most hardworking and least corrupt, Greece to be the least hardworking, and Italy to be the most corrupt. It is also worth noting that 5 out of the 8 countries thought their own country was the most corrupt.
Pictural representations
Yanko Tsvetkov has designed many maps which serve as pictorial representations of such stereotypes, giving an impression of how certain regions of the world may view others. They have named such as "The Arab Winter" and "Crystal Ball View Of Europe In 2022".
By region
- Stereotypes of Americans
- Stereotypes of British people
- Stereotypes of French people
- Stereotype of Germans
- Stereotype of Irish people
- Stereotype of Scottish people
- Stereotype of Russian people
Mission
Identify national and/or ethnic stereotypes by way of the population's countercultures, its avant-garde, its underground, its subcultures and its taste in the erotic and horror genres.
Anti-national sentiment
- Anti-French sentiment
- Anti-Americanism
- Anti-German sentiment
- Anti-Arabism
- Anti-Chinese sentiment
- Anti-Japanese sentiment
See
- Anti-Western sentiment
- Anti-national sentiment
- Country
- Culture by region
- Cultures of present-day nations and states
- Ethnicity
- Ethnic group
- Ethnic nationalism
- Ethnic enclave
- List of ethnic slurs
- List of archetypal names
- Mores
- Nationalism
- National character
- National psychology
- Racism
- Stereotype
- Stereotype
- Stereotypes of white people
- Stereotypes of White Americans and Europeans
- Stock character
- Volksgeist
