Manifesto of Naturalism
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| Two texts are usually attributed as being the [[Manifesto of Naturalism]], the "[[Preface to the second edition of Thérèse Raquin]]" (1867) and the essay "[[The Experimental Novel]]" (1880). Both are by [[Émile Zola]]. A third text of his, "[[Les Romanciers naturalistes]]" (1881) , also defends Naturalism as genre, by tracing its precursors. | Two texts are usually attributed as being the [[Manifesto of Naturalism]], the "[[Preface to the second edition of Thérèse Raquin]]" (1867) and the essay "[[The Experimental Novel]]" (1880). Both are by [[Émile Zola]]. A third text of his, "[[Les Romanciers naturalistes]]" (1881) , also defends Naturalism as genre, by tracing its precursors. | ||
| - | The previous literary manifesto had been the preface to ''[[Cromwell (play) |Cromwell]]'' (1827) by [[Victor Hugo]]. | + | The previous literary manifestoes had been the preface to ''[[Cromwell (play) |Cromwell]]'' (1827) by [[Victor Hugo]] as the manifesto of Romanticism and the preface to ''[[The Human Comedy]]'' by Balzac as the [[manifesto of Realism]]. |
| ==See also== | ==See also== | ||
| *[[French naturalism]] | *[[French naturalism]] | ||
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Two texts are usually attributed as being the Manifesto of Naturalism, the "Preface to the second edition of Thérèse Raquin" (1867) and the essay "The Experimental Novel" (1880). Both are by Émile Zola. A third text of his, "Les Romanciers naturalistes" (1881) , also defends Naturalism as genre, by tracing its precursors.
The previous literary manifestoes had been the preface to Cromwell (1827) by Victor Hugo as the manifesto of Romanticism and the preface to The Human Comedy by Balzac as the manifesto of Realism.
See also
- French naturalism
- Preface to the second edition of Thérèse Raquin.
- Naturalism (art)
- Naturalism (literature)
- Naturalism (theatre)
- Philosophical naturalism
- Sociological naturalism
- Naturalism in 19th century French literature
- Realism in the visual arts
- Realism in the theatre
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