1949
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
|
"[Excess energy] must be spent, willingly or not, gloriously or catastrophically. This is the logic of sacrifice." --The Accursed Share, Georges Bataille "One is not born, but rather becomes, a woman." --The Second Sex (1949) by Simone de Beauvoir |
|
Related e |
|
Featured: |
1949 (MCMXLIX) was the 949th year of the 2nd millennium, the 49th year of the 20th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1940s decade.
Contents |
Art and culture
- Calder Publishing founded
Music
- The 7-inch 45 rpm record was released 31 March 1949 by RCA Victor as a smaller, more durable and higher-fidelity replacement for the 78 rpm shellac discs.
Art
- Nude with cat by Balthus
Design
- "La Comma", an espresso machine by Gio Ponti for Pavoni
- 1949 Buick, see Streamline Moderne style
Architecture
- Glass House by Philip Johnson
Film
- Bitter Rice by Giuseppe De Santis
- Blood of the Beasts by Georges Franju
Literature
Fiction
- The Cannibal by John Hawkes
- Nineteen Eighty-Four by Georges Orwell
- The Aleph (short story collection) by Borges
Non-fiction
- The Accursed Share by Georges Bataille
- The Second Sex by Simone De Beauvoir
- Lautréamont and Sade by Maurice Blanchot
- "The Sign is Not Arbitrary" by Dwight Bolinger
- Love and Death: A Study in Censorship by Gershon Legman
- The Concept of Mind by Gilbert Ryle
Births
- Gil Scott-Heron, American musician
- Slavoj Žižek, Slovenian philosopher
- David Toop, English theorist
- Martin Amis, English writer
- Andy Kaufman, American actor
- Ken Wilber, American philosopher
- Linda Lovelace, American actress
- Twiggy, English model
- Leroy Sibbles, Jamaican musician
- Genesis P-Orridge, English musician
- Richard Hell, American musician
- Luigi Serafini (artist), Italian artist
Deaths
Alice Bailey (June 16, 1880 – December 15, 1949), known as Alice A. Bailey or AAB to her followers, was an influential writer and theosophist
Leonard Bloomfield, (April 1, 1887 – April 18, 1949) was an American linguist who led the development of structural linguistics
Richard Connell Richard Connell, Jr. (October 17, 1893 – November 22, 1949) was an American author and journalist, best known for his short story "The Most Dangerous Game."
Edmond Jaloux (June 19, 1878 in Marseille – August 22, 1949 in Lutry) was a French novelist, essayist, and critic.
Hugh Kingsmill (21 November 1889 – 15 May 1949), who dropped his last name for professional purposes, was a versatile British writer and journalist. Writers Arnold Lunn and Brian Lunn were his brothers.
Antonio Machado (26 July 1875 – 22 February 1939), was a Spanish poet and one of the leading figures of the Spanish literary movement known as the Generation of '98. He is best known for his dictum "Wanderer, there is no road, the road is made by walking".
Axel Munthe (October 31, 1857, Oskarshamn, Sweden – February 11, 1949, Stockholm) was a Swedish psychiatrist, best known as the author of The Story of San Michele, an autobiographical account of his life and work.
Tod Robbins (1888–1949) was an American author of horror and mystery fiction, best-known for the short story "Spurs", which Tod Browning used as the basis for his 1932 cult film Freaks.
Deaths
- January 6 - Victor Fleming, American director (b. 1889)
- January 14 - Harry Stack Sullivan, American psychiatrist (b. 1892)
- January 23 – Erich Klossowski, German-born Polish historian, painter (b. 1875)
- February 16 – Umberto Brunelleschi, Italian artist (b. 1879)
- April 18 – Leonard Bloomfield, American linguist (b. 1887)
- May 6 - Maurice Maeterlinck, Belgian writer, Nobel Prize in Literature laureate (b. 1862)
- May 19 – Paul Schultze-Naumburg, German architect, painter, publicist and politician (b. 1869)
- May 22 - Klaus Mann, German writer (b. 1906)
- June 10 - Sigrid Undset, Norwegian writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1882)
- August 16 - Margaret Mitchell, American writer (Gone With the Wind) (b. 1900)
- September 7 – José Clemente Orozco, Mexican painter (b. 1883)
- September 8 – Richard Strauss, German composer (Also Sprach Zarathustra) (b. 1864)
- September 24 – Pierre de Bréville, French composer (b. 1861)
- October 3 – E. J. Bellocq, an American photographer (b. 1873)
- October 4 – Federico Beltrán Masses, Spanish painter (b. 1885)
- October 15 - Jacques Copeau, French actor, producer, director and dramatist (b. 1879)
- October 29 - George Gurdjieff, Soviet spiritual teacher (b. 1866)
- November 3 – Solomon R. Guggenheim, American philanthropist (b. 1861)
- November 19 – James Ensor, Belgian painter (b. 1860)
- December 6 - Lead Belly, African-American blues musician (b. 1888)
- December 28 - Hervey Allen, American author (b. 1889)
