December 25
From The Art and Popular Culture Encyclopedia
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| == Art and culture == | == Art and culture == | ||
| + | * [[Christmas|Christmas Day]] | ||
| + | * [[274]] - [[Roman Emperor]] [[Aurelian]] has a temple dedicated to [[Sol Invictus]] on the supposed day of the [[winter solstice]] and day of rebirth of the [[Sun]]. | ||
| + | * [[800]] - [[Coronation]] of [[Charlemagne]] as [[Holy Roman Emperor]], in [[Rome]]. | ||
| + | * [[1000]] - The foundation of the [[Kingdom of Hungary]]: [[Hungary]] is established as a [[Christian]] kingdom by [[Stephen I of Hungary]]. | ||
| + | * [[1066]] - Coronation of [[William the Conqueror]] as king of [[England]], at [[Westminster Abbey]], [[London]]. | ||
| + | * [[1100]] - [[Baldwin of Boulogne]] is crowned as the first King of [[Jerusalem]] | ||
| + | * [[1130]] - [[Roger II of Sicily]] is crowned as the first King of [[Kingdom of Sicily|Sicily]] | ||
| + | * [[1223]] - [[St. Francis of Assisi]] assembles the first [[Nativity scene]]. | ||
| + | * [[1261]] - [[John IV Lascaris]] of the restored [[Eastern Roman Empire]] is deposed and blinded by orders of his co-ruler [[Michael VIII Palaeologus]]. | ||
| + | * [[1599]] - The [[city]] of [[Natal, Brazil]] is founded. | ||
| + | * [[1643]] - [[Christmas Island]] founded and named by Captain William Mynors of the [[East India]] Ship Company vessel, the ''Royal Mary''. | ||
| + | * [[1650]] - Thomas Cooper, former Usher of [[Gresham's School]], England, hanged as a Royalist rebel. | ||
| + | * [[1776]] - [[George Washington]] and his [[army]] cross the [[Delaware River]] to attack the [[Kingdom of Great Britain]]'s [[Hessian]] mercenaries in [[Trenton, New Jersey]]. | ||
| + | * [[1818]] - The first performance of "[[Silent Night (song)|Silent Night]]" takes place in the [[Church]] of [[St. Nikolaus]] in [[Oberndorf bei Salzburg|Oberndorf]], [[Austria]]. | ||
| + | * [[1837]] - [[Battle of Lake Okeechobee]]: [[United States]] forces defeat [[Seminole (tribe)|Seminole]] Indians. | ||
| + | * [[1868]] - [[U.S. President]] [[Andrew Johnson]] grants unconditional pardon to all [[American Civil War|Civil War]] [[Confederate States Army|Confederate]] soldiers. | ||
| + | * 1868 - [[Shogunate]] rebels found [[Ezo Republic]] in [[Hokkaidō]]. | ||
| + | * [[1914]] - [[World War I]]: Known as the [[Christmas truce]], [[Germany|German]] and [[United Kingdom|British]] troops on the [[Western Front]] temporarily cease fire. | ||
| + | * [[1917]] - ''[[Why Marry?]]'', first dramatic play to win a [[Pulitzer Prize]], opens at the [[Astor Theatre]] in [[New York City]]. | ||
| + | * [[1926]] - [[Emperor Taishō]] of Japan dies. His son, Prince [[Hirohito]] succeeds him as Emperor Shōwa. | ||
| + | * [[1932]] - A magnitude 7.6 [[earthquake]] in [[Gansu]], [[China]] kills ~70,000 people. | ||
| + | * [[1941]] - Admiral [[Chester W Nimitz]] arrives at Pearl Harbor to assume command of the [[U.S. Pacific Fleet]] | ||
| + | * 1941 - [[World War II]]: [[Battle of Hong Kong]] ends, beginning the [[Japanese Occupation of Hong Kong]]. | ||
| + | * [[1947]] - The [[Constitution of the Republic of China]] goes into effect. | ||
| + | * [[1950]] - The [[Stone of Scone]], traditional coronation stone of British monarchs, is taken from [[Westminster Abbey]] by Scottish nationalist students. It later turns up in Scotland on [[April 11]], [[1951]]. | ||
| + | * [[1963]] - Turkish Cypriot [[Bayrak]] Radio began transmitting in Cyprus after Turkish Cypriots were forcibly excluded from [[Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation]]. | ||
| + | * [[1965]] - The [[Yemen]]i [[Nasserite Unionist People's Organisation]] is founded in [[Taiz]] | ||
| + | * [[1968]] - [[Apollo program]]: [[Apollo 8]] performs the very first successful [[Trans Earth Injection]] (TEI) maneuver, sending the crew and spacecraft on a trajectory back to Earth from [[Lunar orbit]]. | ||
| + | * [[1971]] - In the [[NFL playoffs, 1971-72#AFC: Miami Dolphins 27.2C Kansas City Chiefs 24 .282OT.29|longest game]] in [[National Football League|NFL]] history (82m40s of game time), the [[Miami Dolphins]] defeat the [[Kansas City Chiefs]] at [[Kansas City Municipal Stadium]] 27-24. | ||
| + | * [[1973]] - The [[ARPANET]] crashes when a [[software bug|programming bug]] causes all ARPANET traffic to be routed through the [[Server (computing)|server]] at [[Harvard University]], causing the server to freeze. | ||
| + | * [[1974]] - [[Cyclone Tracy]] devastates [[Darwin, Northern Territory]] [[Australia]]. | ||
| + | * 1974 - [[Marshall Fields (White House intruder)|Marshall Fields]] drives a vehicle through the gates of the [[White House]], resulting in a four-hour standoff. | ||
| + | * [[1977]] - [[Prime Minister of Israel]] [[Menachem Begin]] meets in [[Egypt]] with [[President of Egypt]] [[Anwar Sadat]]. | ||
| + | * [[1979]] - The [[Soviet Union]] airlifts forces into [[Afghanistan]] to begin its costly occupation. | ||
| + | * [[1989]] - [[Nicolae Ceauşescu]], former [[communist]] [[dictator]] of [[Romania]], and his wife [[Elena Ceauşescu|Elena]] are condemned to death and executed under a wide range of charges. | ||
| + | * [[1991]] - [[Mikhail Gorbachev]] resigns as president of the [[Soviet Union]] (the union itself is dissolved the next day). [[Ukraine]]'s referendum is finalized and Ukraine officially leaves the Soviet Union. | ||
| + | * [[2003]] - The ill-fated [[Beagle 2]] probe which was released from the [[Mars Express]] [[Spacecraft]] on [[December 19]], disappears shortly before its scheduled landing. | ||
| + | * [[2004]] - Cassini orbiter releases [[Huygens probe]] which successfully landed on [[Saturn (planet)|Saturn]]'s moon [[Titan (moon)|Titan]] on [[January 14]], [[2005]]. | ||
| + | <!--Do NOT add videogames, videogame consoles, movie, TV or album releases, as they WILL be deleted--> | ||
| - | == Births == | + | ==Births== |
| + | ''For the birth of [[Jesus]] Christ, who was not actually born on December 25 see [[Christmas|the Christmas holiday]].'' | ||
| + | <!-- Like the line above says, Jesus's birth is already listed in "Holidays and observances." Do NOT add it here - it will be reverted on sight. --> | ||
| + | * [[1250]] - [[John IV Laskaris]], [[Byzantine Emperor]] (d. circa [[1305]]) | ||
| + | * [[1461]] - [[Christina of Saxony]], queen of Denmark and Norway (d. [[1521]]) | ||
| + | * [[1583]] - [[Orlando Gibbons]], English composer (d. [[1625]]) | ||
| + | * [[1587]] - [[Margarita of Austria]], queen of Philip III of Spain (d. [[1611]]) | ||
| + | * [[1628]] - [[Noël Coypel]], French painter (d. [[1707]]) | ||
| + | * [[1642]] <small>([[Old Style|O.S.]])</small> - [[Isaac Newton|Sir Isaac Newton]], English physicist and mathematician (d. [[1727]]) | ||
| + | * [[1652]] - [[Archibald Pitcairne]], Scottish physician (d. [[1713]]) | ||
| + | * [[1665]] - [[Lady Grizel Baillie]], Scottish songwriter (d. [[1746]]) | ||
| + | * [[1667]] - [[Ehrengard Melusine von der Schulenburg, Duchess of Kendal and Munster|Ehrengard von der Schulenburg]], English royal mistress (d. [[1743]]) | ||
| + | * [[1674]] - [[Thomas Halyburton]], Scottish theologian (d. [[1712]]) | ||
| + | * [[1700]] - [[Leopold II of Anhalt-Dessau]], Prussian general (d. [[1758]]) | ||
| + | * [[1711]] - [[Jean Joseph de Mondonville]], French composer (d. [[1772]]) | ||
| + | * [[1716]] - [[Johann Jakob Reiske]], German scholar and physician (d. [[1774]]) | ||
| + | * [[1742]] - [[Charlotte von Stein]], German friend of [[Johann Wolfgang von Goethe|Goethe]] (d. [[1827]]) | ||
| + | * [[1757]] - [[Benjamin Pierce (governor)|Benjamin Pierce]], U.S. politician (d [[1839]]) | ||
| + | * [[1763]] - [[Claude Chappe]], French telecommunications pioneer (d. [[1805]]) | ||
| + | * [[1771]] - [[Dorothy Wordsworth]], English diarist and sister of [[William Wordsworth]] (d. [[1855]]) | ||
| + | * [[1810]] - [[Alexandros Rhizos Rhankaves]], Greek poet and statesman (d. [[1892]]) | ||
| + | * [[1821]] - [[Clara Barton]], founder of the American Red Cross (d. [[1912]]) | ||
| + | * [[1856]] - [[Hans von Bartels]], German painter (d. [[1913]]) | ||
| + | * [[1861]] - [[Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya]], Indian founder of Banaras Hindu University (d. [[1946]]) | ||
| + | * [[1863]] - [[Charles Pathé]], French pioneer of film and record industries (d. [[1957]]) | ||
| + | * [[1865]] - [[Evangeline Booth]], the 4th General of [[The Salvation Army]] (d. [[1950]]) | ||
| + | * [[1870]] - [[Helena Rubinstein]], Polish-born American cosmetics industrialist (d. [[1965]]) | ||
| + | * [[1874]] - [[Lina Cavalieri]], Italian soprano (d. [[1944]]) | ||
| + | * [[1875]] - [[Theodor Cardinal Innitzer]], Austrian archbishop (d. [[1955]]) | ||
| + | * [[1876]] - [[Muhammad Ali Jinnah]], founder of [[Pakistan]] (d. [[1948]]) | ||
| + | * 1876 - [[Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus]], [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel laureate]] (d. [[1959]]) | ||
| + | * [[1878]] - [[Louis Chevrolet]], Swiss-born race car driver (d. [[1941]]) | ||
| + | * [[1884]] - [[Evelyn Nesbit]], American actress (d. [[1967]]) | ||
| + | * [[1886]] - [[Kid Ory]], American musician (d. [[1973]]) | ||
| + | * [[1887]] - [[Conrad Nicholson Hilton]], American hotelier (d. [[1979]]) | ||
| + | * [[1889]] - [[Lila Bell Wallace]], American magazine publisher ([[Reader's Digest]]) (d. [[1984]]) | ||
| + | * [[1890]] - [[Robert Ripley]], collector of odd facts (d. [[1949]]) | ||
| + | * [[1891]] - [[Clarrie Grimmett]], Australian cricketer (d.[[1980]]) | ||
| + | * [[1899]] - [[Humphrey Bogart]], American actor (d. [[1957]]) | ||
| + | * [[1901]] - [[Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester]] (d. [[2004]]) | ||
| + | * [[1902]] - [[Barton MacLane]], American actor (d. [[1969]]) | ||
| + | * [[1904]] - [[Gerhard Herzberg]], [[Nobel Prize in Chemistry|Nobel Prize]] laureate (d. [[1999]]) | ||
| + | * [[1906]] - [[Lew Grade]], Ukrainian-born film producer (d. [[1998]]) | ||
| + | * 1906 - [[Ernst Ruska]], [[Nobel Prize in Physics|Nobel laureate]] (d. [[1988]]) | ||
| + | * [[1907]] - [[Cab Calloway]], American bandleader (d. [[1994]]) | ||
| + | * 1907 - [[Glenn McCarthy]], American oil tycoon and businessman (d. [[1988]]) | ||
| + | * 1907 - [[Mike Mazurki]], Ukrainian-born actor (d. [[1990]]) | ||
| + | * [[1908]] - [[Quentin Crisp]], English author (d. [[1999]]) | ||
| + | * 1908 - [[Jo-Jo Moore]], baseball player (d. [[2001]]) | ||
| + | * 1908 - [[Zora Arkus-Duntov]], Belgian-American automotive engineer (d. [[1996]]) | ||
| + | * [[1911]] - [[Louise Bourgeois]], sculptor | ||
| + | * [[1912]] - [[Tony Martin (entertainer)|Tony Martin]], American singer and actor | ||
| + | * 1912 - [[Natalino Otto]], Italian singer (d. [[1969]]) | ||
| + | * [[1913]] - [[Henri Nannen]], German journalist (d. [[1966]]) | ||
| + | * [[1914]] - [[James Muir Cameron Fletcher]], New Zealand industrialist (d. [[2007]]) | ||
| + | * [[1915]] - [[Pete Rugolo]], Italian-born composer | ||
| + | * [[1918]] - [[Anwar Sadat]], [[President of Egypt]], [[Nobel Peace Prize|Nobel laureate]] (d. [[1981]]) | ||
| + | * 1918 - [[Ahmed Ben Bella]], politician, first [[President of Algeria]] | ||
| + | * [[1919]] - [[Paul David]], French Canadian cardiologist, founder of the [[Montreal Heart Institute]] (d. [[1999]]) | ||
| + | * [[1919]] - [[Naushad Ali]], Indian music director (d. [[2006]]) | ||
| + | * [[1921]] - [[Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah]], Pakistani journalist (d. [[2000]]) | ||
| + | * [[1924]] - [[Rod Serling]], American television writer (d. [[1975]]) | ||
| + | * 1924 - [[Atal Bihari Vajpayee]], former [[Prime Minister of India]] | ||
| + | * [[1925]] - [[Carlos Castaneda]], Peruvian-born author (d. [[1998]]) | ||
| + | * [[1926]] - [[Enrique Jorrín]], Cuban composer and musician (d. [[1987]]) | ||
| + | * [[1927]] - [[Nellie Fox]], baseball player (d. [[1975]]) | ||
| + | * [[1928]] - [[Dick Miller]], American actor | ||
| + | * [[1929]] - [[Stuart Hall (television presenter)|Stuart Hall]], British radio and television presenter | ||
| + | * 1929 - [[Chris Kenner]], American singer and songwriter (d. [[1976]]) | ||
| + | * [[1930]] - [[Emmanuel Agassi]], father of [[Andre Agassi]] | ||
| + | * 1930 - [[Salah Jaheen]], Egyptian poet and cartoonist (d.[[1986]]) | ||
| + | * [[1932]] - [[Mabel King]], American actress (d. [[1999]]) | ||
| + | * [[1935]] - [[Al Jackson (baseball)|Al Jackson]], baseball player | ||
| + | * [[1936]] - [[Princess Alexandra of Kent]] | ||
| + | * 1936 - [[Ismail Merchant]], Indian-born film producer (d. [[2005]]) | ||
| + | * [[1937]] - [[O'Kelly Isley, Jr.]], American singer ([[The Isley Brothers]]) (d. [[1986]]) | ||
| + | * [[1938]] - [[Noel Picard]], Quebec ice hockey player | ||
| + | * [[1940]] - [[Pete Brown]], English poet and lyricist | ||
| + | * [[1943]] - [[Hanna Schygulla]], German actress | ||
| + | * 1943 - [[Wilson Fittipaldi Júnior]], Brazilian racing driver | ||
| + | * [[1944]] - [[Jairzinho]], Brazilian footballer | ||
| + | * 1944 - [[Kenny Everett]], British entertainer (d. [[1995]]) | ||
| + | * 1944 - [[Henry Vestine]], American musician (d. [[1997]]) | ||
| + | * [[1945]] - [[Noel Redding]], English musician (d. [[2003]]) | ||
| + | * 1945 - [[Rick Berman]], [[Star Trek]] producer | ||
| + | * 1945 - [[Gary Sandy]], American actor | ||
| + | * 1945 - [[Mike Pringle]], Scottish politician | ||
| + | * [[1946]] - [[Jimmy Buffett]], American singer and songwriter | ||
| + | * 1946 - [[Larry Csonka]], American football player | ||
| + | * 1946 - [[Gene Lamont]], American baseball player and manager | ||
| + | * [[1948]] - [[Barbara Mandrell]], American singer and actress | ||
| + | * 1948 - [[Alia al Hussein]], of Jordan (d. [[1977]]) | ||
| + | * 1948 - [[Joel Natalino Santana]], Brazilian soccer coach | ||
| + | * [[1949]] - [[Nawaz Sharif]], [[Prime Minister of Pakistan]] | ||
| + | * [[1949]] - [[Simone Bittencourt de Oliveira]], Singer and icon of the Brazilian music | ||
| + | * 1949 - [[Sissy Spacek]], American actress | ||
| + | * 1949 - [[Joe Louis Walker]], American musician | ||
| + | * [[1950]] - [[Manny Trillo]], baseball player | ||
| + | * 1950 - [[Karl Rove]], American presidential advisor | ||
| + | * [[1952]] - [[CCH Pounder]], Guyana-born actress | ||
| + | * 1952 - [[Desireless]], French singer | ||
| + | * [[1954]] - [[Annie Lennox]], Scottish singer | ||
| + | * 1954 - [[Steve Wariner]], American country music singer | ||
| + | * [[1957]] - [[Chris Kamara]], English footballer and commentator | ||
| + | * 1957 - [[Shane MacGowan]], Irish musician | ||
| + | * [[1958]] - [[Hanford Dixon]], [[American football]] player | ||
| + | * 1958 - [[Rickey Henderson]], [[baseball]] player | ||
| + | * 1958 - [[Alannah Myles]], Canadian singer | ||
| + | * [[1959]] - [[Michael P. Anderson]], astronaut (d. [[2003]]) | ||
| + | * [[1960]] - [[Ron Bottitta]], British actor | ||
| + | * [[1961]] - [[Ingrid Betancourt]], Colombian senator | ||
| + | * [[1962]] - [[Dean Cameron]], American actor | ||
| + | * 1962 - [[Darren Wharton]], British Keyboardist ([[Thin Lizzy]] and [[Dare]]) | ||
| + | * [[1964]] - [[Gary McAllister]], Scottish footballer | ||
| + | * 1964 - [[Tim Royes]] - Music Video Director and Editor | ||
| + | * 1964 - [[Bob Stanley (Saint Etienne)|Bob Stanley]], English musician ([[Saint Etienne (band)|Saint Etienne]]), filmmaker and journalist | ||
| + | * [[1967]] - [[Jason Thirsk]], American bass player (d. [[1996]]) | ||
| + | * [[1968]] - [[Helena Christensen]], Danish model | ||
| + | * 1968 - [[Jim Dowd (hockey player)|Jim Down]], American ice hockey player | ||
| + | * [[1971]] - [[Dido (singer)|Dido]], English singer | ||
| + | * 1971 - [[Justin Trudeau]], Canadian media personality | ||
| + | * 1971 - [[Noel Hogan]], Irish musician | ||
| + | * [[1972]] - [[Josh Freese]], American drummer | ||
| + | * [[1972]] - [[Mac Powell]], American musician, singer/songwriter (lead singer of [[Third Day]]) | ||
| + | * [[1973]] - [[Robbie Elliott]], English footballer | ||
| + | * 1973 - [[Chris Harris (wrestler)|Chris Harris]], American professional wrestler | ||
| + | * 1973 - [[Alexandre Trudeau]], Canadian journalist | ||
| + | * [[1974]] - [[Nagma]], Indian actress | ||
| + | * [[1975]] - [[Marcus Trescothick]], English cricketer | ||
| + | * 1975 - [[Hideki Okajima]], Japanese baseball player | ||
| + | * 1975 - [[Rob Mariano]], American reality show contestant | ||
| + | * [[1976]] - [[Tuomas Holopainen]], Finnish keyboardist | ||
| + | * 1976 - [[Armin van Buuren]], Dutch DJ & Producer | ||
| + | * [[1977]] - [[Jim Greco]], American skateboarder | ||
| + | * [[1978]] - [[Joel Porter]], Australian footballer | ||
| + | * 1978 - [[Simon Jones (cricketer)|Simon Jones]], English cricketer | ||
| + | * [[1980]] - [[Marcus Trufant]], American football player | ||
| + | * 1980 - [[Reika Hashimoto]], Japanese actress | ||
| + | * 1980 - [[Manuel Antonio Cange|Locó]], Angolan footballer | ||
| + | * 1980 - [[Laura Sadler]], British actress (d. [[2003]]) | ||
| + | * [[1981]] - [[Katie Wright]], American actress | ||
| + | * 1981 - [[Willy Taveras]], baseball player | ||
| + | * [[1982]] - [[Shawn Andrews]], American football player | ||
| + | * 1982 - [[Rob Edwards]], Welsh footballer | ||
| + | * 1982 - [[Shystie]], British rapper-songwriter | ||
| + | * [[1984]] - [[The Veronicas|Jessica and Lisa Origliasso]], Australian pop singers | ||
| + | * 1984 - [[Alastair Cook]], English cricketer | ||
| + | * 1984 - [[Georgia Moffett]], British actress | ||
| + | * [[1985]] - [[Leon Pisani]], Welsh singer | ||
| + | * [[1986]] - [[Doug Loft]], English footballer | ||
| + | * [[1988]] - [[Eric Gordon]], American Basketball Player | ||
| + | |||
| + | <!-- | ||
| + | Do not add people without Wikipedia articles to this list | ||
| + | Do not trust “this year in history” websites for accurate date information | ||
| + | Do not link multiple occurrences of the same year, just link the first occurrence. | ||
| + | --> | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==Deaths== | ||
| + | * [[795]] - [[Pope Adrian I]] | ||
| + | * [[1156]] - [[Peter the Venerable]], Benedictine [[abbot of Cluny]] (b. c. [[1092]]) | ||
| + | * [[1635]] - [[Samuel de Champlain]], French explorer and founder of Quebec City (b. [[1567]]) | ||
| + | * [[1676]] - [[Matthew Hale (jurist)|Matthew Hale]], Lord Chief Justice of England (b. [[1609]]) | ||
| + | * 1676 - [[William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle]], English soldier (b. [[1592]]) | ||
| + | * [[1683]] - [[Kara Mustafa]], Ottoman general (b. [[1634]]) | ||
| + | * [[1758]] - [[James Hervey]], English clergyman (b. [[1714]]) | ||
| + | * [[1765]] - [[Václav Prokop Diviš]], Czech theologian and natural scientist (b. [[1698]]) | ||
| + | * [[1784]] - [[Yosa Buson]], Japanese painter (b. [[1716]]) | ||
| + | * [[1824]] - [[Barbara Juliana, Baroness von Krüdener]], Russian writer (b. [[1764]]) | ||
| + | * [[1868]] - [[Linus Yale, Jr.]], American mechanical engineer and inventor (b. [[1821]]) | ||
| + | * [[1880]] - [[Fridolin Anderwert]], Swiss Federal Councillor (b. [[1828]]) | ||
| + | * [[1916]] - [[St. Albert Chmielowski]], Polish Catholic saint (b. [[1845]]) | ||
| + | * [[1921]] - [[Vladimir Korolenko]], Russian writer (b. [[1853]]) | ||
| + | * [[1925]] - [[Karl Abraham]], German psychoanalyst (b. [[1877]]) | ||
| + | * [[1926]] - [[Emperor Taishō]] of Japan (b. [[1879]]) | ||
| + | * [[1933]] - [[Francesc Macia|Francesc Macià]], Catalonian statesman (b. [[1859]]) | ||
| + | * [[1935]] - [[Paul Bourget]], French novelist and critic (b. [[1852]]) | ||
| + | * [[1938]] - [[Karel Capek]], Czech author (b. [[1890]]) | ||
| + | * [[1940]] - [[Agnes Ayres]], American actress (b. [[1898]]) | ||
| + | * [[1944]] - [[George Steer]], British Journalist (b. [[1909]]) | ||
| + | * [[1946]] - [[W. C. Fields]], American comedian (b. [[1880]]) | ||
| + | * [[1947]] - [[Gaspar G. Bacon]], was Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts (b. [[1886]]) | ||
| + | * [[1950]] - [[Neil Francis Hawkins]], British fascist (b. [[1903]]) | ||
| + | * [[1953]] - [[Patsy Donovan]], Irish-born American baseball player (b. [[1865]]) | ||
| + | * [[1954]] - [[Johnny Ace]], American singer (b. [[1929]]) | ||
| + | * [[1961]] - [[Otto Loewi]], recipient of the [[Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine]] (b. [[1873]]) | ||
| + | * 1961 - [[Owen Brewster]], U.S. Senator from Maine (b. [[1888]]) | ||
| + | * [[1963]] - [[Tristan Tzara]], Romanian-born writer (b. [[1896]]) | ||
| + | * [[1971]] - [[Maria Koepcke]], ornithologist (b. [[1924]]) | ||
| + | * [[1973]] - [[İsmet İnönü]], Turkish statesman (b. [[1884]]) | ||
| + | * 1973 - [[Gabriel Voisin]], French aviation pioneer (b. [[1880]]) | ||
| + | * [[1975]] - [[Gaston Gallimard]], French publisher (b. [[1881]]) | ||
| + | * [[1977]] - [[Charlie Chaplin]], English actor (b. [[1889]]) | ||
| + | * [[1979]] - [[Joan Blondell]], American actress (b. [[1906]]) | ||
| + | * 1979 - [[Jordi Bonet]], Quebec muralist and sculptor (b. [[1932]]) | ||
| + | * [[1983]] - [[Joan Miró]], Catalan painter (b. [[1893]]) | ||
| + | * [[1988]] - [[Ooka Shohei]], Japanese novelist (b. [[1909]]) | ||
| + | * 1988 - [[Edward Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne]] (b. [[1920]]) | ||
| + | * [[1989]] - [[Nicolae Ceauşescu]], Romanian dictator (executed) (b. [[1918]]) | ||
| + | * 1989 - [[Elena Ceauşescu]], Romanian politician (executed) (b. [[1916]]) | ||
| + | * 1989 - [[Billy Martin]], American baseball manager (b. [[1928]]) | ||
| + | * [[1992]] - [[Monica Dickens]], British writer (b. [[1915]]) | ||
| + | * [[1993]] - [[Pierre Victor Auger]], French physicist (b. [[1899]]) | ||
| + | * [[1994]] - [[Zail Singh]], [[President of India]] (b. [[1916]]) | ||
| + | * [[1995]] - [[Dean Martin]], American singer (b. [[1917]]) | ||
| + | * 1995 - [[Emmanuel Levinas]], French Philosopher (b. [[1906]]) | ||
| + | * [[1997]] - [[Denver Pyle]], American actor (b. [[1920]]) | ||
| + | * [[1998]] - [[Bryan MacLean]], American singer, musician and songwriter ([[Love (band)|Love]]) (b. [[1946]]) | ||
| + | * 1998 - [[John Pulman]], English snooker player (b. [[1926]]) | ||
| + | * [[1999]] - [[Peter Jeffrey]], English actor (b. [[1929]]) | ||
| + | * [[2000]] - [[Willard Van Orman Quine]], American philosopher (b. [[1908]]) | ||
| + | * [[2002]] - [[William T. Orr]], American television producer (b. [[1917]]) | ||
| + | * [[2003]] - [[Nicholas Mavroules]], American politician (b. [[1929]]) | ||
| + | * [[2004]] - [[Gennady Strekalov]], Russian [[cosmonaut]] (b. [[1940]]) | ||
| + | * [[2005]] - [[Derek Bailey]], English guitar virtuoso (b. [[1930]]) | ||
| + | * 2005 - [[Birgit Nilsson]], Swedish singer (b. [[1918]]) | ||
| + | * 2005 - [[Robert Barbers]], Philippine senator (b. [[1944]]) | ||
| + | * [[2006]] - [[James Brown]], American singer (b. [[1933]]) | ||
| - | == Deaths == | ||
| == Notes == | == Notes == | ||
| Tristan Tzara | Tristan Tzara | ||
Revision as of 13:13, 21 December 2007
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Related e |
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Featured: |
Contents |
Art and culture
- Christmas Day
- 274 - Roman Emperor Aurelian has a temple dedicated to Sol Invictus on the supposed day of the winter solstice and day of rebirth of the Sun.
- 800 - Coronation of Charlemagne as Holy Roman Emperor, in Rome.
- 1000 - The foundation of the Kingdom of Hungary: Hungary is established as a Christian kingdom by Stephen I of Hungary.
- 1066 - Coronation of William the Conqueror as king of England, at Westminster Abbey, London.
- 1100 - Baldwin of Boulogne is crowned as the first King of Jerusalem
- 1130 - Roger II of Sicily is crowned as the first King of Sicily
- 1223 - St. Francis of Assisi assembles the first Nativity scene.
- 1261 - John IV Lascaris of the restored Eastern Roman Empire is deposed and blinded by orders of his co-ruler Michael VIII Palaeologus.
- 1599 - The city of Natal, Brazil is founded.
- 1643 - Christmas Island founded and named by Captain William Mynors of the East India Ship Company vessel, the Royal Mary.
- 1650 - Thomas Cooper, former Usher of Gresham's School, England, hanged as a Royalist rebel.
- 1776 - George Washington and his army cross the Delaware River to attack the Kingdom of Great Britain's Hessian mercenaries in Trenton, New Jersey.
- 1818 - The first performance of "Silent Night" takes place in the Church of St. Nikolaus in Oberndorf, Austria.
- 1837 - Battle of Lake Okeechobee: United States forces defeat Seminole Indians.
- 1868 - U.S. President Andrew Johnson grants unconditional pardon to all Civil War Confederate soldiers.
- 1868 - Shogunate rebels found Ezo Republic in Hokkaidō.
- 1914 - World War I: Known as the Christmas truce, German and British troops on the Western Front temporarily cease fire.
- 1917 - Why Marry?, first dramatic play to win a Pulitzer Prize, opens at the Astor Theatre in New York City.
- 1926 - Emperor Taishō of Japan dies. His son, Prince Hirohito succeeds him as Emperor Shōwa.
- 1932 - A magnitude 7.6 earthquake in Gansu, China kills ~70,000 people.
- 1941 - Admiral Chester W Nimitz arrives at Pearl Harbor to assume command of the U.S. Pacific Fleet
- 1941 - World War II: Battle of Hong Kong ends, beginning the Japanese Occupation of Hong Kong.
- 1947 - The Constitution of the Republic of China goes into effect.
- 1950 - The Stone of Scone, traditional coronation stone of British monarchs, is taken from Westminster Abbey by Scottish nationalist students. It later turns up in Scotland on April 11, 1951.
- 1963 - Turkish Cypriot Bayrak Radio began transmitting in Cyprus after Turkish Cypriots were forcibly excluded from Cyprus Broadcasting Corporation.
- 1965 - The Yemeni Nasserite Unionist People's Organisation is founded in Taiz
- 1968 - Apollo program: Apollo 8 performs the very first successful Trans Earth Injection (TEI) maneuver, sending the crew and spacecraft on a trajectory back to Earth from Lunar orbit.
- 1971 - In the longest game in NFL history (82m40s of game time), the Miami Dolphins defeat the Kansas City Chiefs at Kansas City Municipal Stadium 27-24.
- 1973 - The ARPANET crashes when a programming bug causes all ARPANET traffic to be routed through the server at Harvard University, causing the server to freeze.
- 1974 - Cyclone Tracy devastates Darwin, Northern Territory Australia.
- 1974 - Marshall Fields drives a vehicle through the gates of the White House, resulting in a four-hour standoff.
- 1977 - Prime Minister of Israel Menachem Begin meets in Egypt with President of Egypt Anwar Sadat.
- 1979 - The Soviet Union airlifts forces into Afghanistan to begin its costly occupation.
- 1989 - Nicolae Ceauşescu, former communist dictator of Romania, and his wife Elena are condemned to death and executed under a wide range of charges.
- 1991 - Mikhail Gorbachev resigns as president of the Soviet Union (the union itself is dissolved the next day). Ukraine's referendum is finalized and Ukraine officially leaves the Soviet Union.
- 2003 - The ill-fated Beagle 2 probe which was released from the Mars Express Spacecraft on December 19, disappears shortly before its scheduled landing.
- 2004 - Cassini orbiter releases Huygens probe which successfully landed on Saturn's moon Titan on January 14, 2005.
Births
For the birth of Jesus Christ, who was not actually born on December 25 see the Christmas holiday.
- 1250 - John IV Laskaris, Byzantine Emperor (d. circa 1305)
- 1461 - Christina of Saxony, queen of Denmark and Norway (d. 1521)
- 1583 - Orlando Gibbons, English composer (d. 1625)
- 1587 - Margarita of Austria, queen of Philip III of Spain (d. 1611)
- 1628 - Noël Coypel, French painter (d. 1707)
- 1642 (O.S.) - Sir Isaac Newton, English physicist and mathematician (d. 1727)
- 1652 - Archibald Pitcairne, Scottish physician (d. 1713)
- 1665 - Lady Grizel Baillie, Scottish songwriter (d. 1746)
- 1667 - Ehrengard von der Schulenburg, English royal mistress (d. 1743)
- 1674 - Thomas Halyburton, Scottish theologian (d. 1712)
- 1700 - Leopold II of Anhalt-Dessau, Prussian general (d. 1758)
- 1711 - Jean Joseph de Mondonville, French composer (d. 1772)
- 1716 - Johann Jakob Reiske, German scholar and physician (d. 1774)
- 1742 - Charlotte von Stein, German friend of Goethe (d. 1827)
- 1757 - Benjamin Pierce, U.S. politician (d 1839)
- 1763 - Claude Chappe, French telecommunications pioneer (d. 1805)
- 1771 - Dorothy Wordsworth, English diarist and sister of William Wordsworth (d. 1855)
- 1810 - Alexandros Rhizos Rhankaves, Greek poet and statesman (d. 1892)
- 1821 - Clara Barton, founder of the American Red Cross (d. 1912)
- 1856 - Hans von Bartels, German painter (d. 1913)
- 1861 - Pandit Madan Mohan Malaviya, Indian founder of Banaras Hindu University (d. 1946)
- 1863 - Charles Pathé, French pioneer of film and record industries (d. 1957)
- 1865 - Evangeline Booth, the 4th General of The Salvation Army (d. 1950)
- 1870 - Helena Rubinstein, Polish-born American cosmetics industrialist (d. 1965)
- 1874 - Lina Cavalieri, Italian soprano (d. 1944)
- 1875 - Theodor Cardinal Innitzer, Austrian archbishop (d. 1955)
- 1876 - Muhammad Ali Jinnah, founder of Pakistan (d. 1948)
- 1876 - Adolf Otto Reinhold Windaus, Nobel laureate (d. 1959)
- 1878 - Louis Chevrolet, Swiss-born race car driver (d. 1941)
- 1884 - Evelyn Nesbit, American actress (d. 1967)
- 1886 - Kid Ory, American musician (d. 1973)
- 1887 - Conrad Nicholson Hilton, American hotelier (d. 1979)
- 1889 - Lila Bell Wallace, American magazine publisher (Reader's Digest) (d. 1984)
- 1890 - Robert Ripley, collector of odd facts (d. 1949)
- 1891 - Clarrie Grimmett, Australian cricketer (d.1980)
- 1899 - Humphrey Bogart, American actor (d. 1957)
- 1901 - Princess Alice, Duchess of Gloucester (d. 2004)
- 1902 - Barton MacLane, American actor (d. 1969)
- 1904 - Gerhard Herzberg, Nobel Prize laureate (d. 1999)
- 1906 - Lew Grade, Ukrainian-born film producer (d. 1998)
- 1906 - Ernst Ruska, Nobel laureate (d. 1988)
- 1907 - Cab Calloway, American bandleader (d. 1994)
- 1907 - Glenn McCarthy, American oil tycoon and businessman (d. 1988)
- 1907 - Mike Mazurki, Ukrainian-born actor (d. 1990)
- 1908 - Quentin Crisp, English author (d. 1999)
- 1908 - Jo-Jo Moore, baseball player (d. 2001)
- 1908 - Zora Arkus-Duntov, Belgian-American automotive engineer (d. 1996)
- 1911 - Louise Bourgeois, sculptor
- 1912 - Tony Martin, American singer and actor
- 1912 - Natalino Otto, Italian singer (d. 1969)
- 1913 - Henri Nannen, German journalist (d. 1966)
- 1914 - James Muir Cameron Fletcher, New Zealand industrialist (d. 2007)
- 1915 - Pete Rugolo, Italian-born composer
- 1918 - Anwar Sadat, President of Egypt, Nobel laureate (d. 1981)
- 1918 - Ahmed Ben Bella, politician, first President of Algeria
- 1919 - Paul David, French Canadian cardiologist, founder of the Montreal Heart Institute (d. 1999)
- 1919 - Naushad Ali, Indian music director (d. 2006)
- 1921 - Zaib-un-Nissa Hamidullah, Pakistani journalist (d. 2000)
- 1924 - Rod Serling, American television writer (d. 1975)
- 1924 - Atal Bihari Vajpayee, former Prime Minister of India
- 1925 - Carlos Castaneda, Peruvian-born author (d. 1998)
- 1926 - Enrique Jorrín, Cuban composer and musician (d. 1987)
- 1927 - Nellie Fox, baseball player (d. 1975)
- 1928 - Dick Miller, American actor
- 1929 - Stuart Hall, British radio and television presenter
- 1929 - Chris Kenner, American singer and songwriter (d. 1976)
- 1930 - Emmanuel Agassi, father of Andre Agassi
- 1930 - Salah Jaheen, Egyptian poet and cartoonist (d.1986)
- 1932 - Mabel King, American actress (d. 1999)
- 1935 - Al Jackson, baseball player
- 1936 - Princess Alexandra of Kent
- 1936 - Ismail Merchant, Indian-born film producer (d. 2005)
- 1937 - O'Kelly Isley, Jr., American singer (The Isley Brothers) (d. 1986)
- 1938 - Noel Picard, Quebec ice hockey player
- 1940 - Pete Brown, English poet and lyricist
- 1943 - Hanna Schygulla, German actress
- 1943 - Wilson Fittipaldi Júnior, Brazilian racing driver
- 1944 - Jairzinho, Brazilian footballer
- 1944 - Kenny Everett, British entertainer (d. 1995)
- 1944 - Henry Vestine, American musician (d. 1997)
- 1945 - Noel Redding, English musician (d. 2003)
- 1945 - Rick Berman, Star Trek producer
- 1945 - Gary Sandy, American actor
- 1945 - Mike Pringle, Scottish politician
- 1946 - Jimmy Buffett, American singer and songwriter
- 1946 - Larry Csonka, American football player
- 1946 - Gene Lamont, American baseball player and manager
- 1948 - Barbara Mandrell, American singer and actress
- 1948 - Alia al Hussein, of Jordan (d. 1977)
- 1948 - Joel Natalino Santana, Brazilian soccer coach
- 1949 - Nawaz Sharif, Prime Minister of Pakistan
- 1949 - Simone Bittencourt de Oliveira, Singer and icon of the Brazilian music
- 1949 - Sissy Spacek, American actress
- 1949 - Joe Louis Walker, American musician
- 1950 - Manny Trillo, baseball player
- 1950 - Karl Rove, American presidential advisor
- 1952 - CCH Pounder, Guyana-born actress
- 1952 - Desireless, French singer
- 1954 - Annie Lennox, Scottish singer
- 1954 - Steve Wariner, American country music singer
- 1957 - Chris Kamara, English footballer and commentator
- 1957 - Shane MacGowan, Irish musician
- 1958 - Hanford Dixon, American football player
- 1958 - Rickey Henderson, baseball player
- 1958 - Alannah Myles, Canadian singer
- 1959 - Michael P. Anderson, astronaut (d. 2003)
- 1960 - Ron Bottitta, British actor
- 1961 - Ingrid Betancourt, Colombian senator
- 1962 - Dean Cameron, American actor
- 1962 - Darren Wharton, British Keyboardist (Thin Lizzy and Dare)
- 1964 - Gary McAllister, Scottish footballer
- 1964 - Tim Royes - Music Video Director and Editor
- 1964 - Bob Stanley, English musician (Saint Etienne), filmmaker and journalist
- 1967 - Jason Thirsk, American bass player (d. 1996)
- 1968 - Helena Christensen, Danish model
- 1968 - Jim Down, American ice hockey player
- 1971 - Dido, English singer
- 1971 - Justin Trudeau, Canadian media personality
- 1971 - Noel Hogan, Irish musician
- 1972 - Josh Freese, American drummer
- 1972 - Mac Powell, American musician, singer/songwriter (lead singer of Third Day)
- 1973 - Robbie Elliott, English footballer
- 1973 - Chris Harris, American professional wrestler
- 1973 - Alexandre Trudeau, Canadian journalist
- 1974 - Nagma, Indian actress
- 1975 - Marcus Trescothick, English cricketer
- 1975 - Hideki Okajima, Japanese baseball player
- 1975 - Rob Mariano, American reality show contestant
- 1976 - Tuomas Holopainen, Finnish keyboardist
- 1976 - Armin van Buuren, Dutch DJ & Producer
- 1977 - Jim Greco, American skateboarder
- 1978 - Joel Porter, Australian footballer
- 1978 - Simon Jones, English cricketer
- 1980 - Marcus Trufant, American football player
- 1980 - Reika Hashimoto, Japanese actress
- 1980 - Locó, Angolan footballer
- 1980 - Laura Sadler, British actress (d. 2003)
- 1981 - Katie Wright, American actress
- 1981 - Willy Taveras, baseball player
- 1982 - Shawn Andrews, American football player
- 1982 - Rob Edwards, Welsh footballer
- 1982 - Shystie, British rapper-songwriter
- 1984 - Jessica and Lisa Origliasso, Australian pop singers
- 1984 - Alastair Cook, English cricketer
- 1984 - Georgia Moffett, British actress
- 1985 - Leon Pisani, Welsh singer
- 1986 - Doug Loft, English footballer
- 1988 - Eric Gordon, American Basketball Player
Deaths
- 795 - Pope Adrian I
- 1156 - Peter the Venerable, Benedictine abbot of Cluny (b. c. 1092)
- 1635 - Samuel de Champlain, French explorer and founder of Quebec City (b. 1567)
- 1676 - Matthew Hale, Lord Chief Justice of England (b. 1609)
- 1676 - William Cavendish, 1st Duke of Newcastle, English soldier (b. 1592)
- 1683 - Kara Mustafa, Ottoman general (b. 1634)
- 1758 - James Hervey, English clergyman (b. 1714)
- 1765 - Václav Prokop Diviš, Czech theologian and natural scientist (b. 1698)
- 1784 - Yosa Buson, Japanese painter (b. 1716)
- 1824 - Barbara Juliana, Baroness von Krüdener, Russian writer (b. 1764)
- 1868 - Linus Yale, Jr., American mechanical engineer and inventor (b. 1821)
- 1880 - Fridolin Anderwert, Swiss Federal Councillor (b. 1828)
- 1916 - St. Albert Chmielowski, Polish Catholic saint (b. 1845)
- 1921 - Vladimir Korolenko, Russian writer (b. 1853)
- 1925 - Karl Abraham, German psychoanalyst (b. 1877)
- 1926 - Emperor Taishō of Japan (b. 1879)
- 1933 - Francesc Macià, Catalonian statesman (b. 1859)
- 1935 - Paul Bourget, French novelist and critic (b. 1852)
- 1938 - Karel Capek, Czech author (b. 1890)
- 1940 - Agnes Ayres, American actress (b. 1898)
- 1944 - George Steer, British Journalist (b. 1909)
- 1946 - W. C. Fields, American comedian (b. 1880)
- 1947 - Gaspar G. Bacon, was Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts (b. 1886)
- 1950 - Neil Francis Hawkins, British fascist (b. 1903)
- 1953 - Patsy Donovan, Irish-born American baseball player (b. 1865)
- 1954 - Johnny Ace, American singer (b. 1929)
- 1961 - Otto Loewi, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (b. 1873)
- 1961 - Owen Brewster, U.S. Senator from Maine (b. 1888)
- 1963 - Tristan Tzara, Romanian-born writer (b. 1896)
- 1971 - Maria Koepcke, ornithologist (b. 1924)
- 1973 - İsmet İnönü, Turkish statesman (b. 1884)
- 1973 - Gabriel Voisin, French aviation pioneer (b. 1880)
- 1975 - Gaston Gallimard, French publisher (b. 1881)
- 1977 - Charlie Chaplin, English actor (b. 1889)
- 1979 - Joan Blondell, American actress (b. 1906)
- 1979 - Jordi Bonet, Quebec muralist and sculptor (b. 1932)
- 1983 - Joan Miró, Catalan painter (b. 1893)
- 1988 - Ooka Shohei, Japanese novelist (b. 1909)
- 1988 - Edward Pelham-Clinton, 10th Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (b. 1920)
- 1989 - Nicolae Ceauşescu, Romanian dictator (executed) (b. 1918)
- 1989 - Elena Ceauşescu, Romanian politician (executed) (b. 1916)
- 1989 - Billy Martin, American baseball manager (b. 1928)
- 1992 - Monica Dickens, British writer (b. 1915)
- 1993 - Pierre Victor Auger, French physicist (b. 1899)
- 1994 - Zail Singh, President of India (b. 1916)
- 1995 - Dean Martin, American singer (b. 1917)
- 1995 - Emmanuel Levinas, French Philosopher (b. 1906)
- 1997 - Denver Pyle, American actor (b. 1920)
- 1998 - Bryan MacLean, American singer, musician and songwriter (Love) (b. 1946)
- 1998 - John Pulman, English snooker player (b. 1926)
- 1999 - Peter Jeffrey, English actor (b. 1929)
- 2000 - Willard Van Orman Quine, American philosopher (b. 1908)
- 2002 - William T. Orr, American television producer (b. 1917)
- 2003 - Nicholas Mavroules, American politician (b. 1929)
- 2004 - Gennady Strekalov, Russian cosmonaut (b. 1940)
- 2005 - Derek Bailey, English guitar virtuoso (b. 1930)
- 2005 - Birgit Nilsson, Swedish singer (b. 1918)
- 2005 - Robert Barbers, Philippine senator (b. 1944)
- 2006 - James Brown, American singer (b. 1933)
Notes
Tristan Tzara James Brown Georges Rodenbach Paul Bourget Joan Miró Robert Walser (writer) Lina Cavalieri Carlos Castaneda Emmanuel Lévinas W. C. Fields Louise Bourgeois Jean-Baptiste Louvet de Couvrai Julien Offray de La Mettrie Cab Calloway Charlie Chaplin Karl Abraham Hanna Schygulla
Unless indicated otherwise, the text in this article is either based on Wikipedia article "December 25" or another language Wikipedia page thereof used under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License; or on research by Jahsonic and friends. See Art and Popular Culture's copyright notice.
